Demographic transition is change from high birthrates and high deathrates to

a low birthrate and a low death rate

Modern sea star larvae resemble primitive vertebrate larvae suggesting that vertebrates

share a common ancestor with sea stars

Two gasses that probably existed in Earth's early atmosphere are

hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide

Two gases that probably existed in Earth's early atmosphere are

hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide

Which of the following is often used as a genetic marker?

a gene for antibiotic resistance

The transformation of a plant cell is successful if

the foreign DNA is integrated into the cell's chromosomes

Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?

There are 64 different codons but only 20 amino acids

Sedimentary rock is formed from

small particles of sand, silt, and clay

Which of these facts about mitochondria and chloroplasts support endosymbiotic theory?

their ribosomes resemble the ribosomes of bacteria

Before Linnaeus, scientific names were problematic because they were

very long and difficult to standardize

No two species can occupy the same nche in the same habitat at the same time

because of the competitive exclusion principle

Which of the following statements is false?

The instructions for some proteins aren't specified by genes

The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that

no two people except identical twins have the same DNA

Which of these would likely prevent the survival of new kinds of organic molecules today?

the presence of bacteria and other life-forms

Which of the following statements is true?

Proteins binding to regulators determine gene expressed

When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for

natural variations that are present in a species

Which of the following steps is NOT essential in producing recombinant RNA?

Read the DNA sequence of the piece of DNA to be spliced

Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine

Gene therapy is successful if the

replacement gene is transcribed in the person's cells

Miller and Urey's experiments attempted to demonstrate

if organic molecules could have formed before there was life

Interbreeding among members of a population results in

no changes in the frequencies of alleles in the gene pool

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Biology

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Questions 73

Answers

1
Demographic transition is change from high birthrates and high deathrates to
a low birthrate and a low death rate
a low birthrate and a high death rate
exponential growth
indefinite growth
2
The branch of biology dealing with interactions between organisms and with their environment is
ecology
modeling
economy
recycling
3
Modern sea star larvae resemble primitive vertebrate larvae suggesting that vertebrates
evolved before sea stars
share a common ancestor with sea stars
belong to the same species as sea stars
evolved from sea stars
4
Two gasses that probably existed in Earth's early atmosphere are
oxygen and carbon monoxide
water vapor and nitrogen
hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide
oxygen and water vapor
5
In Linnaeus's system of classification how many taxonomic categories were there?
seven
five
one
three
6
Two gases that probably existed in Earth's early atmosphere are
oxygen and water vapor
water vapor and nitrogen
hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide
oxygen and carbon monoxide
7
Which of the following is often used as a genetic marker?
a nucleotide labeled with a fluorescent dye
a gene for antibiotic resistance
a foreign gene
a DNA sequence that serves as an origin of replication
8
Which is never a frameshift mutation
point mutation
deletion
substitution
insertion
9
Which of these is most likely to bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect?
transformation
genetic engineering
hybridization
inbreeding
10
Genetic drift tends to occur in populations that
have unchanging allele frequencies
are very large
are small
are formed from new species
11
In pedigrees, a circle represents a(n)
male
adult
child
female
12
What happened to early organisms when oxygen levels rose in the atmosphere?
Some life-forms evolved to use oxygen for respiration
All of the above
Some life-forms became extinct
Some life-forms survived only in a few airless habitats
13
If a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment, the
birthrate may rise
the birthrate must fall
death rate must fall
death rate may rise
14
The anticipated human population by the year 2050 is about
7.8 billion
9 billion
9 trillion
78 billion
15
A biotic or an abiotic resource in the environment that causes population side to decrease is a
growth factor
carrying capacity
limiting nutrient
limiting factor
16
in 1859, Charles Darwin published his revolutionary scientific ideas in a work titled
On the Origin of Species
Essay on the Principle of Population
Evolution in Malaysia
Principles of Geology
17
The transformation of a plant cell is successful if
the cell reproduces
the plasmid that entered the cell reproduces inside the cell
a plasmid has entered the cell
the foreign DNA is integrated into the cell's chromosomes
18
Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?
There are 64 different codons but only 20 amino acids
Some codons have the same sequence of nucleotides
AUG codes for methionine and serves as a start codon
Some codons do not specify an amino acid
19
Sedimentary rock is formed from
wood, shell, and bone
the hard parts of organisms
small particles of sand, silt, and clay
the softest parts of organisms
20
Which factor would most likely disrupt genetic equilibrium in a large population?
the absence of movement into and out of the population
the production of large numbers of offspring
mating that is not random
the absence of mutations
21
Which of these facts about mitochondria and chloroplasts support endosymbiotic theory?
their ribosomes resemble the ribosomes of bacteria
their DNA resembles RNA
their organelles are found within plant cells
all of the above
22
In a population, the sum of the relative frequencies of all alleles for a particular trait is
dependent on the number of alleles
constantly changing
equal to the number of alleles for the trait
equal to 100%
23
Before Linnaeus, scientific names were problematic because they were
written only in Latin
too brief to be descriptive
written only in Greek
very long and difficult to standardize
24
Animals that are warm-blooded, have body hair, and make milk for their young are in the class
Aves
Mammalia
Amphibia
Reptilia
25
No two species can occupy the same nche in the same habitat at the same time
because of the interactions that shape the ecosystem
unless the species require different biotic factors
unless the species require different abiotic factors
because of the competitive exclusion principle
26
When individuals at only one end of a phenotype frequency curve have high fitness the result is
disruptive selection
stabilizing selection
directional selection
genetic drift
27
Which of the following statements is false?
An organism's inherited traits depend on proteins
Some genes code for enzymes
An organisms genes determine its inherited traits
The instructions for some proteins aren't specified by genes
28
The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that
no two people except identical twins have the same DNA
most people have DNA that contains repeats
the ost important genes are different among most people
most genes are dominant
29
Demographic transition begins with changes in society that
increase the birthrate
lower the death rate
increase the death rate
lower the birthrate
30
About 500 years ago, the world's population started
to reach carrying capacity
decreasing
to grow more rapidly
to level off
31
Which of these would likely prevent the survival of new kinds of organic molecules today?
the presence of carbon dioxide
the supply of atoms that serve as raw material
the presence of bacteria and other life-forms
the light and warmth from the sun
32
Alleles found on the same chromosome
are dominant
contain repetetive DNA
are linked
are never separated by reincombination
33
Gene shuffling includes the independent movement of chromosomes during meiosis as well as
changes in the frequency of alleles
crossing-over
mutations from chemicals
mutations from radiation
34
The Mesozoic Era occurred
before Precambrian time
after the Paleozoic Era
after the Cenozoic Era
during Precambrian time
35
Which of the following statements is true?
A pre-mRNA molecule is longer than its gene
Introns are sequences of DNA
mRNA made from the same gene is always edited the same way
A promoter is part of an intron
36
What sort of population statistic is "There are 150 Saguaro cacti in 1 sq. km. of this desert"?
age structure
population density
geographic distribution
growth rate
37
Sickle cell disease is caused by a
change in the number of chromosomes in a cell
change in the size of a chromosome
change in two genes
change in one DNA base
38
All of the members of a particular species that live in one area are called a(n)
biome
population
community
ecosystem
39
Which of the following statements is true?
RNA polymerase regulates gene expression
Proteins binding to regulators determine gene expressed
A promoter determines whether a gene is expressed
An expressed gene is turned off
40
When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for
characteristics acquired during the lifetime of the organism
species that are perfect and unchanging
homologous structures
natural variations that are present in a species
41
Which of the following includes all the others inside it?
plasmid
transformed bacterium
recombinant DNA
foreign gene
42
Which biome is characterized by low temperatures, low precipitation, and permafrost?
tropical dry forest
desert
tundra
temperate forest
43
Different species can share the same habitat, but competition between them is reduced if
reproduce at different times
eat less
increase their population
occupy different niches
44
Which of the following steps is NOT essential in producing recombinant RNA?
Read the DNA sequence of the piece of DNA to be spliced
Splice a piece of DNA into DNA from another organism
Use a restriction enzyme to cut DNA
Cut out a piece of DNA from a DNA molecule
45
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
46
Which would be least likely to be affected by a density-dependent limiting factor?
A population with a high birthrate
A small scattered population
A large dense population
A population with a high immigration rate
47
If snails have thin weak shells this is most likely the result of
oxygen deficiency
calcium carbonate deficiency
ammonia deficiency
phosphorus deficiency
48
Gene therapy is successful if the
replacement gene is spliced to viral DNA
replacement gene is replicated in the person's cells
viruses with the replacement gene infect the person's cells
replacement gene is transcribed in the person's cells
49
Miller and Urey's experiments attempted to demonstrate
whether DNA or RNA evolved first.
How the deepest part of the Earth formed.
if organic molecules could have formed before there was life
How Earth first formed
50
What are scientists more likely to learn from transgenic animals than bacteria or plants?
how human genes function
how plasmids reproduce
the process of cloning
the structure of human proteins
51
Interbreeding among members of a population results in
no changes in the frequencies of alleles in the gene pool
an absence of genetic variation in the population
different types of alleles in the gene pool
changes in the frequencies of alleles in the gene pool
52
Which of the followng statements is NOT true?
A hybrid plant has all the characteristics of both parents
Inbred offspring can have defects shown by neither parent
Inbreeding and hybridization are opposite processes
Hybridization produces new varieties of plants and animals
53
Which factors can influence continual change in an ecosystem?
further disturbances
long-term climate changes
Introduction of non-native species
All of the above
54
In taxonomy, a group at any level of organization is referred to as a
system
binomial
taxon
cladogram
55
Which of the following would you be least likely to see in a pedigree?
All of the symbols are squares
All of the symbols are unshaded
About half the symbols are circles
All of the symbols are shaded
56
If immigration and emigration remain equal, what's the main factor causing slow growth?
decreased birthrate
constant death rate
constant birthrate
increased birthrate
57
The yearly average temperatures and precipitation rates in a particular region are known as
ecosystem
climate
latitude
weather
58
Which statement is in accordance with Darwin's theory of evolution?
The number of offspring is not related to fitness
Acquired inherited characteristics cause evolution
More offspring are produced than can possibly survive
The fittest organisms are always the largest and strongest
59
What is true about dissimilar organisms such as a cow and a yeast?
Their degree of relatedness cannot be evaluated
They can interbreed and thus are the same species
Their relatedness can be determined from their genes
They are not related at all
60
A large mass extinction in which amphibians and trilobites disappeared occurred at the end of
the Cambrian Period
the Paleozoic Era
the Precambrian
the Quaternary Period
61
Which of the following describes what all members of a population share?
They are members of the same species
They are temporally isolated from each other
They have identical genes
They are geographically isolated from each other
62
What is the process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas to ammonia?
denitrification
decomposition
nitrogen fixation
excretion
63
Natural selection acts directly on
mutations
individual organisms
alleles
genes
64
When oxygen was first released in the early seas it combined with iron to form
proteins
RNA
DNA
rust
65
Corn planted in a field that has had legumes plowed into it is likely to be
less productive because legumes remove phosphorus from soil
more productive cos nitrogen-fixing bacteria keep away pests
less productive because the legumes take nutrients from soil
more productive cos bacteria living on legumes fix nitrogen
66
A species that evolved into several different forms that live in different ways has undergone
adaptive radiation
coevolution
punctuated equilibrium
mass extinction
67
Most sex-linked genes are on
the X chromosome only
the autosomes
both the X and Y chromosomes
the Y chromosome only
68
If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis
the chromatids do not separate
it occurs during prophase
some gametes may have an extra copy of some genes
only two gametes may form instead of four
69
What is happening in a population as it decreases?
The death rate becomes higher than the birth rate
The birthrate and the death rate remain the same
The death rate stays the same and the birthrate increases
The death rate becomes lower than the birthrate
70
An example of a single-gene trait is
a widow's peak in humans
weight of human infants at birth
height in humans
beak size in the Galapagos finches
71
A fossilized dinosaur found with fossils of the flowering plants that it ate must have lived
since life first evolved
during the Triassic Period
during the Cretaceous Perod
before the Mesozoic Era
72
The hypothesis that species change over time by natural selection was proposed by
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Thomas Malthus
Charles Darwin
James Hutton
73
A limiting nutrient is to ecosystem productivity as a limiting factor is to population
immigration
birthrate
growth rate
density

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