Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because

the recessive allele for colorblindness is located on X chro

What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?

It helps separate the chromosomes.

inherited the allele for the trait from both parents.

The cell cycle is the

series of events that cells go through as they grow & divide

Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

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Bio Keystone Review

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Questions 133

Answers

1
Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
vacuole
ribosome
2
Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?
Krebs cycle
fermentation
glycolysis
electron transport
3
When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?
G2 phase
S phase
M phase
G1 phase
4
What is a tumor?
a mass of cancer cells
an accumulation of cyclins
the rapidly dividing cells found at the site of a wound
a defective p53 gene
5
Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
outside the chloroplasts
in the stroma
in the thylakoid membranes
only in chlorophyll molecules
6
Scientists assign each kind of organism a universally accepted name in the system known as
traditional classification.
cladistics.
binomial nomenclature.
the three domains.
7
What is this instrument?
graduated cylinder
mortar and pestel
Erlenmeyer flask
beaker
8
The base SI unit of measurement used to measure time is the
millisecond
second
hour
minute
9
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells (and not in animal cells)?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
ribosome
chloroplast
mitochondrion
10
Which event occurs during interphase?
Centromeres divide.
Centrioles appear.
Spindle fibers begin to form.
The cell grows.
11
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because
men who are colorblind have 2 copies of the allele
the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromo
the recessive allele for colorblindness is located on X chro
father pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only
12
What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?
It divides the cell in half.
It duplicates the DNA.
It helps separate the chromosomes.
It breaks down the nuclear membrane.
13
The Krebs cycle starts with _____________________ and yields __________________ as waste
electron carriers, carbon dioxide
glucose, carbon dioxide
pyruvate, water
pyruvate, CO2
14
Several different classes make up a
phylum.
genus.
kingdom.
family.
15
Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires
light.
exercise.
glucose.
oxygen.
16
A graduated cylinder is used to measure
weight
density
area
liquid volume
17
A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid is
surface tension
gravity
cohesion
adhesion
18
The variable in an experiment that is kept constant throughout the experiment is called the
control
precise
qualitative
independent variable
19
Which organelle breaks down compounds into small particles that the cell can use?
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
20
Which pair of compounds are both products of photosynthesis?
glucose and carbon dioxide
water and glucose
oxygen and glucose
oxygen and carbon dioxide
21
The best graph to compare and contrast categories of information
line graph
scatter plot
bar graph
pie chart
22
One cause of muscle soreness is
glycolysis.
the Krebs cycle.
lactic acid fermentation.
alcoholic fermentation.
23
The first phase of mitosis is called
prophase.
metaphase.
anaphase.
interphase.
24
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
spindle fibers.
surface area.
growth rate.
size.
25
Examinethe objects inside the box labeled #2. What is this called?
double helix
nucleotide
nitrogen bases
pedigree
26
People who have sickle cell disease inherted __________ copy(ies) of the sickle cell allele.
0
2
1
4
27
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in
muscle cells.
mitochondria.
bread dough.
any environment containing oxygen.
28
Which of the following are shown in a karyotype?
sex chromosomes
homologous chromosomes
autosomes
all of them!
29
The nucleus of an atom is made of
protons and electrons
protons, neutrons, and electrons
protons and neutrons
electrons and neutrons
30
The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol
X
Y
2N
N
31
A person who has PKU
inherited the allele for the trait from both parents.
is heterozygous for the trait.
will not pass the allele for the trait to his/her offspring
inherited the allele for the trait from one parent.
32
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
oxygen and high-energy sugars.
oxygen.
high-energy sugars.
ATP and oxygen.
33
A measure of the force of gravity on an object is
mass
volume
weight
length
34
The amount of space a substance occupies is
weight
length
mass
volume
35
The cell cycle is the
time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis.
series of events that cells go through as they grow & divide
time from prophase until cytokinesis.
period of time between the birth and the death of a cell.
36
Prokaryotes lack
a nucleus.
a cell membrane.
cytoplasm.
genetic material.
37
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
store and transmit heredity
used to form bone and muscles
control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes
help to fight disease
38
Photosynthesis requires light, water, carbon dioxide, and
chlorophyll
methane
glycolysis
DNA
39
Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?
nucleolus
cytoplasm
DNA
chromatin
40
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
41
A theory
is the opening statement of an experiment.
is always true.
is a problem to be solved.
may be revised or replaced.
42
The structures labeled B are called
centrioles.
centromeres.
sister chromatids.
spindles.
43
A granum is a(an)
stack of chloroplasts.
stack of thylakoids.
membrane enclosing a thylakoid.
photosynthetic pigment molecule.
44
Can replicate itself
mRNA
DNA
tRNA
rRNA
45
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
only when they are being replicated
only during interphase
only during the G1 phase
only during the M phase
46
Holds the original coded information for makingproteins
DNA
tRNA
rRNA
mRNA
47
Cyclins are a family of closely related proteins that
regulate the cell cycle.
work to heal wounds.
cause cancer.
produce p53.
48
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
water and glucose
glucose and oxygen
oxygen and lactic acid
carbon dioxide and water
49
What can be used to determine whether a person has inhertied the normal number of chomosomes.
pedigree
co-dominance
autosome
karyotype
50
Biologists use a classification system to group organisms in part because organisms
are too much alike.
share too many derived characters.
are very numerous and diverse.
are going extinct.
51
The domain that contains unicellular organisms that live in extreme environments is
Archaea.
Bacteria.
Eubacteria.
Eukarya.
52
Cells fall into two broad categories, depending on whether they
have a nucleus.
contain genetic material.
contain chloroplasts.
have a cell wall.
53
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
four genetically different haploid cells.
two genetically identical diploid cells.
four genetically identical haploid cells.
two genetically different diploid cells.
54
In the metric system, the basic unit of length is the
centimeter.
kilometer.
millimeter.
meter.
55
The main function of the cell wall is to
store DNA.
support and protect the cell.
help the cell move.
direct the activities of the cell.
56
An organism made up of a single cell is referred to as
bicellular
unicellular
multicellular
Bob
57
The diagram represents what molecule?
water
RNA
DNA
ATP
58
What is this instrument?
Erlenmeyer flask
test tube
dropper
pipette
59
What is this?
striker
beaker
forceps
graduated cylinder
60
Glycolysis requires
pyruvate
electron carriers
oxygen
investing 2 ATP
61
The purpose of electron carriers is
accept the electrons in glycolysis
to pass energy to the electron transport chain
to create ATP directly
to pass energy to the Krebs cycle
62
Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?
energy
oxygen
lactic acid
air
63
When salt is dissolved in water, water is the
solution
solute
reactant
solvent
64
Cellular respiration occurs only in the presence of
carbon dioxide
lactic acid fermentation
oxygen
sunlight
65
The stroma is the space that surrounds
plant cells
chloroplasts.
mitochondria
thylakoids.
66
The process of making an egg cell is called
meiosis
oogenesis
mitosis
spermatogenesis
67
The failure of the chromosomes to separate during meiosis is known as
translocation
non-disjunction
transcription
replication
68
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
food molecules.
carbon dioxide
water.
ATP.
69
The three particles that make up an atom are
protons, neutrons, isotopes
neutrons, isotopes, and electrons
protons, neutrons, electrons
positives, negatives, electrons
70
Which cell structure contains the genetic material and controls many of the cell’s activities?
cytoplasm
organelle
cell envelope
nucleus
71
Biology is the study of
living things.
animals and plants only.
the land, water, and air on Earth.
the environment.
72
The process by which organisms keep their internal conditions fairly constant is called
evolution.
metabolism
homeostasis.
photosynthesis.
73
The basic unit of matter is know as
atom
molecule
element
neutron
74
The hydrophilic head of a phospholipid bilayer
repels water.
has blue polka dots.
is attracted to water.
points inward.
75
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
body cells.
diploid cells.
haploid cells.
2N daughter cells.
76
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
all eukaryotic cells.
animal cells only.
plant cells only.
all but plant cells.
77
Which organelle converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that the cell can use?
chloroplast
mitochondrion
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
78
If an organism is 2N=16 chromosomes what would the chromosome number be in the gametes?
2N=8
2N=16
N=8
N=32
79
In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by
the Krebs cycle.
photosynthesis.
lactic acid fermentation.
alcoholic fermentation.
80
Which taxonomic category contains the greatest number of different organisms?
order
genus
family
kingdom
81
Which organism is NOT likely to carry out cellular respiration?
tree
tiger
mushroom
anaerobic bacterium
82
Electron transport occurs in the _________________________________ of the mitochondria.
outer membrane
cytoplasm
inner membrane
matrix
83
A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test
a mass of information
a single variable
a conclusion
several variables
84
The two main stages of cell division are called
the M phase and the S phase.
mitosis and cytokinesis.
synthesis and cytokinesis.
mitosis and interphase.
85
What is this?
pedigree
co-dominance
non-disjunction
karyotype
86
The area indicated by the letter A is called
photosynthesis
the stroma
the matrix
nucleic acid
87
a chromosome pair that contain the same type of genetic information
genetics
heredity
homologous chromosomes
crossing over
88
Similar genes are evidence of
binomial nomenclature.
different anatomy.
mutations.
common ancestry.
89
What is the probability that a human sperm cell will carry an X chromosome?
0%
50%
25%
100%
90
Carries amino acids to the ribosome for assembly
rRNA
tRNA
mRNA
DNA
91
The intermolecular attraction between like molecules
specific heat
adhesion
temperature
cohesion
92
Gametes are produced by the process of
meiosis
mitosis
crossing-over
replication
93
What is the correct flow of energy within an ecosystem?
sun » humans » carnivores » herbivores
sun » plants » autotrophs
producers » consumers » energy
sun » autotrophs » heterotrophs
94
All of the cell’s chemical processes refers to an organisms
cellular respiration
self esteem
metabolism
autotroph
95
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
metaphase.
interphase
cell division.
mitosis.
96
Movement of material against the concentration gradient (requiring the use of energy) is called
osmosis
diffusion
cell specialization
active transport
97
What is shown in this figure?
crossing-over
anaphase I of meiosis
incomplete dominance
independent assortment
98
A genus is composed of a number of related
kingdoms.
phyla.
orders.
species.
99
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
facilitated diffusion.
osmosis.
active transport.
osmotic pressure.
100
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?
XXXY
XY
XX
XXY
101
The Calvin cycle takes place in the
thylakoid membranes.
stroma.
photosystems.
chlorophyll molecules.
102
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
does not absorb green light.
absorbs green light.
is environmentally friendly
reflects violet light.
103
Information gathered from observing a plant that grows 3 cm over a two-week period results in
inferences
data
hypotheses
variables
104
Who are the two men that figured out the shape of DNA (double helix)?
Munoz and Doherty
English and Crick
Watson and Crick
Franklin and English
105
The cells of multicellular organisms are
smaller than those of unicellular organisms.
simpler than those of unicellular organisms.
specialized to perform particular functions
not dependent on one another.
106
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an
area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration.
area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
107
All of the following are examples of heterotrophs EXCEPT
oak tree
fungi
omnivore
bear
108
Whichtype of chemical bonds join two DNA bases?
nitrogen bonds
hydrogen bonds
covalent bonds
ionic bonds
109
Which event occurs during interphase?
Centrioles appear.
Spindle fibers begin to form.
Centromeres divide.
The cell grows.
110
Which of the following is a phase of mitosis?
S phase
cytokinesis
anaphase
interphase
111
A temperature scale with a boiling point of 100 degrees and a freezing point of 0 degrees is
Kelvin
Bob
Fahrenheit
Celcius
112
The thin, flexible barrier around a cell is called the
cell wall.
cell membrane.
cytoplasm.
cell envelope.
113
Electron carriers that enter the electron transport chain come from
gylcolysis and Krebs cycle
carbon dioxide waste
when pyruvate is broken down before the Krebs cycle
inhaling oxygen
114
What is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female?
75%
25%
50%
10%
115
Which of the following chromosome combinations results in a male
XXX
YY
XY
XX
116
Animals that are warm blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for babies are in the class
Mammalia.
Reptilia.
Amphibia.
Aves.
117
An electronic balance is used to measure
length
volume
density
mass
118
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
prophase
telophase
anaphase
metaphase
119
Which unit is the SMALLEST
mL
cL
L
dL
120
sex cells are known as:
genes
gametes
heredity
tetrad
121
If an organism’s diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
3
12
24
6
122
Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?
Krebs cycle
electron transport
glycolysis
DNA replication
123
Which blood type is known as the universal donor?
AB
B
O
A
124
The scientific method always begins with
drawing conclusions.
testing a hypothesis.
careful observations.
creating experiments.
125
Which of these is a product of cellular respiration?
glucose
oxygen
all of them!
water
126
A compound that produces OH- ions in solution - have a pH value above 7
acid
enzyme
base
buffer
127
What is the term for a group of organisms of one type living in the same place?
population
biosphere
environment
ecosystem
128
When a cell expels waste from within the cell, this type of active transport is known as
osmosis
exocytosis
endocytosis
phagocytosis
129
Which pair is correct?
S phase, cell division
G2 phase, preparation for mitosis
M phase, cell growth
G1 phase, DNA replication
130
A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(an)
catalyst
lipid
element
molecule
131
In many plants, the rate of photosynthesis ________________ when the weather becomes very cold.
decreases
stays the same
increases
132
A boy who has hemophilia inherited the disorder from his
cousin
father
Santa Claus
mother
133
All organisms in the kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia are
multicellular organisms.
prokaryotes.
eukaryotes.
photosynthetic organisms.

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