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CVT 103 Final Cumulative Review Flashcards | StudBud
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CVT 103 Final Cumulative Review
CVT 103 Final Cumulative Review
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1
In View #1, what is the letter F pointing to?
Tricuspid valve
Aortic valve
Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
2
In View #4, what is the letter C referring to?
Tricuspid valve
Pulmonary artery
Right ventricle
Aorta
3
What is the ideal position for the patient to be in when performing an echocardiographic ultrasound?
Sitting upright
Left lateral decubitus
Prone
Trendelenberg
4
What are the two main blood vessels that bring deoxygenated blood back to the heart?
Pulmonary arteries and carotid arteries
Aorta and pulmonary veins
Jugular veins and coronary arteries
Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
5
In View #2, what is the letter A referring to?
Right atrium
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
6
What layer of the heart is responsible for the main pumping mechanism?
Epicardium
Endocardium
Pericardium
Myocardium
7
What is the largest valve in the heart?
Aortic valve
Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve
8
In View #4, what is the letter A referring to?
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Right ventricle
Right atrium
9
What are the three layers of the heart?
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Pericardium, epicardium, myocardium
Epicardium, myocardium, pericardium
Endocardium, pericardium, myocardium
10
What is the pericardium?
The innermost layer of the heart wall
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart
The cavity where the heart is located
The layer of muscle responsible for contraction
11
In View #5, what is the letter B pointing to?
Left atrium
Mitral valve
Interatrial septum
Interventricular septum
12
What are all the structures from which the right atrium receives venous blood?
Pulmonary veins and superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava and pulmonary arteries
Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus
Coronary sinus and pulmonary veins
13
Where is the AV node located?
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Interventricular septum
Left atrium
14
Which layer of the heart contains the coronary arteries?
Epicardium
Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium
15
What is the pacemaker of the heart?
Bundle of His
AV node
SA node
Purkinje fibers
16
After the left ventricle contracts, which valve does the blood flow pass through to exit the heart?
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
Tricuspid valve
Mitral valve
17
How many chambers are there in the human heart?
4
3
2
6
18
What is the name of this view?
Apical 5-chamber view
Parasternal long axis view
Apical 3-chamber view
Apical 2-chamber view
19
Which valve in the heart separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?
Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve
Aortic valve
20
Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Left atrium
21
In View #1, what is the letter E referring to?
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right atrium
22
After the right ventricle contracts, which valve does the blood pass through to enter the lungs and become oxygenated?
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
Tricuspid valve
Mitral valve
23
In View #4, what is the letter H pointing to?
Left ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
Right atrium
24
What is the name of this view?
Right ventricular inflow tract
Apical 2-chamber view
Right ventricular outflow tract
Parasternal short axis view papillary level
25
The electrical activity of the heart is initiated by depolarization in which node?
Purkinje fibers
Bundle of His
SA node
AV node
26
What anatomical structure in the heart separates the right atrium from the left atrium?
Interatrial septum
Mitral valve
Interventricular septum
Tricuspid valve
27
Atrial filling is considered which part of the cardiac cycle?
Isovolumetric contraction
Diastole
Isovolumetric relaxation
Systole
28
In View #3, what is the letter B referring to?
Aorta
Left ventricle
Descending aorta
Left ventricular outflow tract
29
What is the name of this view?
Parasternal long axis view
Parasternal short axis view
Right ventricular inflow tract
Apical 5-chamber view
30
Where is the Bundle of His located?
Lateral to the coronary sinus
Atrial myocardium
Interventricular septum
Base of the right atrium
31
What is the name of this view?
Apical 5-chamber view
Parasternal short axis
Right ventricular outflow tract
Apical 3-chamber view
32
What best describes the atria of the heart?
The upper chambers that receive blood from the body and lungs
The chambers responsible for gas exchange
The lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart
The thickest-walled chambers that generate high pressure
33
What is the name of this view?
Right ventricular outflow tract
Apical 2-chamber view
Parasternal long axis view
Right ventricular inflow tract
34
What best describes the ventricles of the heart?
The chambers that receive blood returning to the heart
The thin-walled chambers that store blood temporarily
The upper chambers responsible for electrical conduction
The lower chambers that pump blood to the lungs and body
35
What is the normal oxygen saturation of the right heart vs. the left heart?
Right heart: 80-90%, Left heart: 100%
Right heart: 40-50%, Left heart: 60-70%
Right heart: 75%, Left heart: 95-100%
Right heart: 95%, Left heart: 75%
36
How big is the human heart on average?
About the size of a baseball
About the size of a cantaloupe
About the size of a fist
About the size of a grapefruit
37
The endocardium primarily lines which part of the heart?
Outer surface
Coronary arteries
Fibrous pericardium
Inner chambers and valves
38
Where should the probe's reference marker be facing when obtaining an apical 4-chamber view?
Toward the patient's left side
Toward the patient's feet
Toward the patient's right side
Toward the patient's head
39
In View #5, what is the letter D pointing to?
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
Mitral valve
Right ventricle
40
In View #2, what is the letter C referring to?
Right ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
41
After the blood has become oxygenated by the lungs, through which vessels does it enter the heart?
Superior and inferior vena cavae
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Aorta
42
What is the main role of capillaries?
To exchange gases, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues
To regulate blood pressure
To pump blood through the body
To carry oxygenated blood to the lungs
43
What is the name of this view?
Right ventricular outflow tract
Parasternal short axis view mitral level
Parasternal short axis view papillary level
Parasternal long axis view papillary level
44
What is the name of this view?
Apical 5-chamber view
Parasternal long axis view
Right ventricular inflow tract
Apical 4-chamber view
45
What is the difference between medial and lateral?
Medial is structures at the front; lateral is structures at the back
Medial is something on the surface, while lateral is something deep
Medial is closer to midline of the body; lateral is farther from midline
Medial and lateral are interchangeable terms for anatomical directions
46
List the branches of the aortic arch.
Brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
Right common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, coronary arteries
Brachiocephalic artery, right coronary artery, and left coronary artery
Superior vena cava, pulmonary artery, and right coronary artery
47
What is the primary function of the Purkinje fibers?
Depolarize the ventricles
Regulate the AV node
Contract the atria
Signal the SA node
48
In View #3, what is the letter D pointing to?
Interventricular septum
Interatrial septum
Aortic valve
Mitral valve
49
What chamber of the heart is under the most pressure?
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
50
What is a relevant patient history question to ask prior to beginning an echocardiographic ultrasound?
Have you recently traveled internationally?
Do you have pain in your legs?
Have you changed your hairstyle recently?
Do you have a history of heart disease or heart surgery?
51
In View #7, what is the letter C pointing to?
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Mitral valve
Papillary muscle
52
Where is the heart located in the body?
In the left side of the chest, between the lungs
In the right side of the chest, behind the sternum
In the center of the chest, slightly to the left
Below the diaphragm, near the stomach
53
In View #3, what is the letter G pointing to?
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Left atrium
54
What structure is associated with each aortic valve cusp?
Pulmonary veins
Chordae tendineae
Atrioventricular nodes
Sinus of Valsalva
55
Oxygenated blood enters which chamber of the heart after leaving the lungs?
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right atrium
56
What is the name of this view?
Apical 2-chamber view
Right ventricular outflow tract
Parasternal short axis view aortic level
Right ventricular inflow tract
57
Ventricular contraction is considered which part of the cardiac cycle?
Systole
Atrial contraction
Isovolumetric relaxation
Diastole
58
How would you define blood pressure?
The speed at which blood moves through veins
The total volume of blood in the circulatory system
The amount of oxygen carried by red blood cells
The force of blood against artery walls during and between heartbeats
59
Which valve in the heart separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
Aortic valve
Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve
60
What is the widest leaflet of the mitral valve?
Inferior leaflet
Anterior leaflet
Posterior leaflet
Septal leaflet
61
How many valves are there in the human heart?
4
6
8
2
62
Which of the following best describes arteries?
Vessels that only carry oxygenated blood
Thin-walled vessels responsible for nutrient exchange
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Vessels that carry blood toward the heart
63
What is the purpose of pulmonary veins?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
To pump blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
To transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
To drain blood from the heart muscle into the right atrium
64
In View #1, what is the letter C referring to?
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Left atrium
65
When obtaining the RVOT view while in parasternal long axis, in which direction should you tilt the tail of the probe?
Towards the patient's left side
You don't tilt the tail of the probe for this view, you rotate the probe
Towards the patient's head
Down and slightly to the patient's right side
66
In View #6, what is the letter D pointing to?
The pericardium
Interventricular septum
Mitral valve
Papillary muscles
67
What main vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body?
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
68
What is the name of this view?
Parasternal short axis view mitral level
Parasternal short axis view papillary level
Apical 2-chamber
Parasternal long axis view mitral level
69
When changing your view from parasternal long axis to parasternal short axis, how should you manipulate the probe?
Move the probe inferiorly
Rotate the probe 90 degrees
Tilt the probe upwards
Rotate the probe 180 degrees
70
How would you best describe the endocardium?
The thick, muscular middle layer of the heart
The smooth inner lining of the heart that reduces friction
The fibrous layer that anchors the heart in place
The outer protective layer of the heart
71
What is the name of this view?
Parasternal short axis view mitral level
Parasternal long axis view aortic level
Apical 5-chamber view
Parasternal short axis view aortic level
72
What is the primary function of the pericardium?
Storing blood
Lining the valves
Preventing friction during heartbeats
Pumping blood
73
What anatomical structure in the heart separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle?
Interventricular septum
Patent foramen ovale
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
74
When obtaining the RVIT view while in parasternal long axis, in which direction should you tilt the tail of the probe?
Towards the patient's right side
You don't tilt the tail of the probe for this view, you rotate the probe
Towards the patient's feet
Up and slightly to the patient's left side
75
What is the name of this view?
Parasternal long axis view
Parasternal short axis view apex level
Parasternal long axis view apex level
Parasternal short axis view papillary level
76
Before beginning an ultrasound examination, which pieces of information should be confirmed by the patient?
Patient's name and date of birth
Preferred ultrasound technician
Type of ultrasound machine used
Date of the next scheduled appointment
77
When obtaining the parasternal long axis view, where should the reference marker of the probe be pointing?
The 2 o'clock position
Toward the patient's right shoulder
Toward the patient's left shoulder
Toward the patient's feet
