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Final exam Review Earth Science
Final exam Review Earth Science
67 terms
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#geology #volcanoes #earthquakes
Flashcards
67 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
67
Answers
1
Which scale would tell us how much
damage
an earthquake caused?
richter
mercalli
moment magnitude
2
What occurs at the diagram of two continental plates colliding?
mountain ranges
trench
3
What is the best label for this diagram?
transform boundary
divergent boundary
4
What is a convergent boundary?
a boundary where 2 plates move away from each other
a boundary where 2 plates move towards each other
5
What type of earthquake wave can travel through
both
liquids and solids?
P waves
S waves
6
Geologists obtain indirect evidence about the earth's layers by?
directly looking under the many layers
recording and studying seismic waves
7
The place where two plates come together is known as?
rift valley
convergent boundary
8
Which type of boundary is this?
divergent
convergent
9
Earth's inner core is...
a dense ball of solid metal
a layer of molten metal
10
What is the hardest known mineral?
diamond
talc
11
Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by
convection currents
radiation
12
Compared to P waves, S waves move?
faster
slower
13
What is the composition of the mantle?
molten rock
solid rock
14
What is the definition of plate tectonics?
the hypothesis that continents slowly move over the surface
the theory the crust in moving using convection currents?
15
Which feature is created by this boundary?
oceanic trench
rift valley
16
Who developed the theory of plate tectonics?
T Wilson
Wegener
17
What is the definition of continental drift?
the theory: the crust is slowly moving by convection current
the hypothesis that continents slowly over earth's surface
18
A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a boundary make a?
rift valley
mountain range
19
What is the name of layer 2?
outer core
mantle
20
Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called?
landmass
fossil
21
What is a focus?
the point beneath the surface where rock breaks
the point of the surface above where rock breaks
22
What occurs at the diagram?
earthquake
mountain ranges
23
What occurs at the diagram below?
earthquake
mid ocean ridge
24
Which scientist developed continental drift theory?
Wegener
T Wilson
25
The color of a mineral's powder is called?
luster
streak
26
How does sediment form?
melting
erosion
27
A mineral is
inorganic
, it means it contains...
no materials that were once part of living things
compounds
28
Which state of matter is the inner core?
solid
liquid
29
Using data from seismic waves, we have learned the earth's interior is made up of many?
continents
layers
30
The geological theory that states that pieces of the lithosphere are in constant, slow motion?
plate tectonics
subduction
31
Earth's mantle is
a layer of molten metal
a dense ball of solid metal
32
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of the Earth's layers?
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
33
Which mineral can scratch quartz?
Topaz, corundum and diamond
All of the minerals listed
34
What is the name of layer 1?
crust
mantle
35
How do igneous rocks form?
melting
solidification of magma
36
What occurs at the diagram?
earthquake
rift valley
37
What is an epicenter?
the point beneath the surface where rock breaks
the point of the surface directly above the break in rock
38
What is the name of layer 3?
inner core
outer core
39
What is the best label for this diagram?
divergent boundary
plate tectonics
40
What is the richter scale?
measures the total energy released in an earthquake
measures the magnitude or size of seismic waves
41
The type of seismic waves that arrive first and move like an accordion.
P waves
S waves
42
What is the definition of era?
One of the 3 long units of time making up a timeline
One of the units of geologic time
43
Which plate boundary is this?
convergent
invisible
44
Most geologists think the movement of earth's plates is caused by
earth's magnetic field
convection currents in the mantle
45
Heat and pressure deep beneath earth's surface can change rock into?
metamorphic rock
sedimentary rock
46
What does a seismograph record?
the ground movements caused by seismic waves
the speed of seismic waves
47
Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth's?
continents
mantle
48
What is a transform boundary?
where 2 plates move past each other in opposite directions
a plate boundary where 2 plates move towards each other
49
Which piece of evidence(s) below supports theory of continental drift?
all of the above
evidence from fossils
evidence of land features
evidence from climate
50
The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and into the mantle ?
conduction
subduction
51
Which type of evidence was NOT used by Wegener?
evidence from human remains
evidence from climate
52
What is the definition of fossil?
a trace of an organism that has been preserved in rock
an energy-rich substance from remains of organisms
53
The point beneath the earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake
epicenter
focus
54
What is the mercalli scale?
measures how much total energy is produced in earthquakes
measures how much damage was caused by earthquakes
55
Most geologists rejected Wegeners' hypothesis because?
he used several ideas of support
he could not identify or explain the force involved
56
In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of an earthquake?
toward the focus
away from the focus
57
What is the definition of geologic time scale?
a record of geologic events & life forms in earth's history
the geologic events and life forms
58
What is the best label for this picture?
seismograph
mercalli scale
59
What is Pangaea?
another for continental drift
the name of the supercontinent
60
How does sedimentary rock form?
melting and solidification
erosion and lithification
61
What is the best label for this diagram?
transform boundary
convergent boundary
62
What is divergent boundary?
a boundary where 2 plates move towards each other
a boundary where 2 plates move away from each other
63
What is the best label for this diagram?
divergent boundary
convergent boundary
64
Was the theory of continental drift accepted when the scientist was alive?
no
yes
65
According to Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift,
earth is slowly cooling and shrinking.
the continents were once joined together in one landmass.
66
What is a volcano?
a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface
the shaking of the earth's crust
67
A place where two plates slip past each other in opposite directions is called?
transform boundary
divergent boundary
