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The Enlightenment Test Review
The Enlightenment Test Review
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Review for unit test
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1
All humans are born free & equal w/ right to life & liberty, gov't must protect natural rights
ideology of authoritarianism
ideology of absolutism
ideology of the Enlightenment
ideology of Thomas Hobbes
2
With which statement would Enlightenment thinkers most agree?
A strong military gov't is needed to keep the people in line
The right to rule comes from the consent of the people
The only important part of society is the economy
The right to rule comes from God
3
Writers & philosophers of the Enlightenment believed that the govt decisions should be based on
Traditional values
Fundamental religious beliefs
The concept of the divine right of king
Laws of nature and reason
4
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
Supporting the divine right of kings
Debating the role of the church in society
Changing the relationship between people & their government
Promoting increased power for European monarchs
5
A European king/queen who has total power over his people is said to be a(n)
Absolute monarch
Emperor
Dynasty
Shah
6
How was the Enlightenment
SIMILAR to
the Renaissance?
all of the answer choices
Both questioned the power of the Church
Both emphasized the rights of the individual
Both highly valued reason and observation
7
God created the world and set it in motion. He then allowed it to run itself by natural law.
polytheism
monotheism
none of these
deism
8
When philosophers used reason to figure out how society should govern/rule/organize themselves
Reformation
Age of Exploration
Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment
9
If Montesquieu were to visit the U.S. today he would be pleased to see his ideas in the
System of fifty states
Bill of Rights
Three branches of government
Declaration of Independence
10
John Locke and Rousseau would be most likely to support
A return to feudalism (landlord) in Europe
A society ruled by the Catholic Church
A society in which the people choose (voted) the ruler
A government ruled by a divine right monarchy
11
What is Montesquieu’s view of the responsibility of citizens in a democracy?
to give absolute power to kings/queens
to vote for their leaders
to lobby rich representatives for new laws
to respond to public opinion polls
12
Kings/Queens believes their power came from
Law & Constitution
God (Divine)
Being an intelligent and fair leader
The will of the people
13
U.S. Dec. of Ind. life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness was influenced by whom
King George III
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
George Washington
14
Agreement between rulers & citizens. If a ruler took away people’s natural rights, they could revolt & set up new gov't.
absolutism
Mayflower Contract
Divine right
social contract
15
Equality & natural rights found in our Declaration of Independence are based on the beliefs of
Locke
Montesquieu
Bacon
Darwin
16
Philosophers wrote books/held meetings(salons)/spread their ideas about political change during
1400-1600
1500-1700
1700-1900
1600-1800
17
John Locke believed this should happen if government did not protect the rights of its citizens
Turn to the Church for guidance
Nothing
Keep going on accepting the rule of the king
Revolution
18
The idea, “Everyone has the natural right to life, liberty, and property” is from this period.
Pax Romana
Age of Imperialism
Enlightenment
Age of Exploration
19
Why did T. Hobbes believe that a country should be ruled by a king/queen with absolute power?
So the church could have too much control
So different people share the power to make/enforce laws
So people would not bicker/fight about equality all the time
So laws would be made wisely & efficiently
20
Voltaire didn't believe in censorship and the church having too much power which lead to
Right to a speedy trial and elected judges
Freedom of speech and religion
Right to a trial by jury and right to an attorney
Right to bear arms and maintain a militia
