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Earth's Plates Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth's Plates
Earth's Plates
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1
Rivers and other features on the surface are offset when plates ____________.
move past each other
move toward each other
stay still
spread apart
2
At ___________________, the ocean floor sinks down into the mantle, rock melts, then rises and eruptions occur.
linear seas
deep ocean trenches
mid-ocean ridges
rift valleys
3
The ______ is a place WITHIN Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs.
focus
magnitude
epicenter
4
Directly above the focus ON Earth's surface is the _______.
epicenter
focus
magnitude
5
Mt. St. Helen's is a __ volcano. Alternating layers of hardened lava and pyroclastic material create large, steep slopes
caldera
shield
cinder cone
composite
6
Which type of movement is shown in the boundary?
oceanic plates moving away from each other
an oceanic plate and a continental plate moving toward each other
oceanic plates moving toward each other
an oceanic plate and a continental plate moving away from each other
7
The return of rock to its original shape after elastic deformation is called _______.
elastic rebound
deformation
fault
8
Which type of plate boundary movement is shown in the image, and what type of landform is most likely to occur here?
plates moving away; formation of a trench
plates moving away ; formation of a volcanic island
plates moving toward each other; formation of a continental volcano
plates moving toward; formation of folded mountains
9
Older rocks are located further away from mid-ocean ridges.
True
False
10
Which description is evidence for the theory of plate tectonics but not that the continents were once connected?
similar land features on separated, present-day continents
matching rock layers on separate continents
the interlocking of present-day coastline, such as Africa and South America
thin layer of sediment covering the ocean floor
11
The ______ of lava determines the explosiveness of an eruption and the shape of the resulting volcanic mountain.
pyroclasitc material
viscosity
vent opening
magma chamber
12
Which of these does not provide evidence that the continents drifted to their present locations?
deep-ocean trenches
landform data
similar fossils on multiple continents
current weather
13
Fossils of the same age and type have been found __________________ separated by vast ______________.
in oceans, continents
in mountains, continents
on continents, oceans
in volcanoes, rivers
14
______ is the process by which rock becomes deformed and changes shape due to stress.
deformation
fault
elastic rebound
15
The crack that forms when large blocks of rock break and move past each other is called a ________.
fault
fissure
tectonic plate
plate boundary
16
The rate of plate movement is a fast process.
True
False
17
Which processes are best explained by the theory of plate tectonics?
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
food chains and webs
life cycles of plants
changes in air pressure
18
Which of these types of rock would most likely be the youngest?
rock on a continental plate that is next to a deep ocean trench
rock on an oceanic plate that is close to a mid-ocean ridge
rock on a continental plate that is colliding with a continental plate
rock on an oceanic plate that is farthest from a mid-ocean ridge
19
Both deep-ocean trenches and mountain ranges can form where plates ______________.
move toward each other
move past each other
spread apart
stay still
20
Energy from the _________________ drives convection currents in the mantle.
air pressure
ocean currents
the sun
Earth's interior
21
___________ mountains form when melted rock erupts onto Earth's surface.
folded
fault-block
volcanic
22
Which statement explains why tectonic plates move?
Plates move because landforms cause them to move in different directions.
Plates move because of the weight of the oceans
Plates move because of mantle convection in Earth's interior.
Plates move because they are slowly expanding and growing larger.
23
Both mid-ocean ridges and ocean basins form where plates ___________.
spread apart
move past each other
stay still
move toward each other
24
Each year there are approximatley ________ earthquakes detected around the world.
500,000
1 million
5,500
30
25
Lava and ash clouds erupt from a _______, or opening of a volcano.
fissure
lava plateau
magma chamber
vent