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Env. Sci. Chp 2 Tools of Environmental Science Flashcards | StudBud
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Env. Sci. Chp 2 Tools of Environmental Science
Env. Sci. Chp 2 Tools of Environmental Science
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A review of the scientific method, models, different values and statistics.
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1
Includes maps and charts
graphical model
mathematical model
physical model
conceptual model
2
Why are mathematical models important?
useful in situations with many variables
can be used to make digital images
can represent how a system or process works
all of these
3
Three-dimensional representation you can touch
physical model
mathematical model
conceptual model
graphical model
4
Verbal or graphical explanation for how a system works or is organizes
conceptual model
graphical model
experimental method
statistics
5
What essential characteristic does a good experiment have?
a control and a single variable is used
a control is used
control group is experimented on
a single variable is used
6
The accumulation and sharing of knowledge
recreational value
ethical/moral value
educational value
social/cultural value
7
Considering natural resources when making an environmental decision means you are
looking at scientific values
looking at aesthetic values
looking at environmental values
looking at ethical/moral values
8
What is a good system of analyzing issues?
using a decision making model
using a cause and effect chart
determining the mean for a population
performing experiments
9
The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year.
risk
distribution
correlation
skepticism
10
The group that does not receive the experimental treatment in an experiment is the
data
control group
variable
experimental group
11
Testing predictions that would be impossible or unethical to use experiments
control group
observations
correlations
variables
12
A question considering economic values?
Will the dam provide new leisure activities?
Will building the dam destroy natural resources?
How many jobs will building the dam generate?
Is it right to build a dam here?
13
Scientists use statistics to
all of these
graph data
analyze data
communicate ideas to each other
14
Which model is particularly useful in scientific cases with many variables?
mathematical
conceptual
physical
graphical
15
A positive long-term consequence when buying land to form a nature preserve.
Population of endangered species increases
Habitats outside the preserve are damaged by overdevelopment
Environmental controls are less strict outside the preserve
Habitat destruction is immediately slowed
16
Steps used by scientists to answer questions
physical model
experimental method
conceptual model
experiment
17
When studying a system, a conceptual model can help scientists understand
none of these
what components a system contains
how the system components affect each other
both of these
18
One important scientific habit of mind is the ability to conceive of new ideas, called
skepticism
intellectual honesty
imagination
curiosity
19
The mean provides a single numerical measure for one _ of a population
exception
average
characteristic
individual
20
Which of the following is NOT a habit of mind of a good scientist?
creativity
openness to new ideas
skepticism
intellectual predictability
21
The 3 final steps in the experimental method in correct order
drawing conclusions, repeating experiment, telling results
drawing conclusions, analyzing data, repeating experiment
observing, hypothesizing, drawing conclusions
repeating experiment, telling results, drawing conclusions
22
Systematic process for making decisions
hypothesis
experiment
values
decision-making model
23
The differences between control groups and experimental groups can help identify _
cause and effect relationships
conditional relationships
inverse and converse relationships
unconventional relationships
24
If a marsh is included in a nature preserve, will it help preserve our water resources?
environmental values
educational values
aesthetic values
social/cultural values
25
Probability of an outcome that is unwanted
prediction
decision making model
statistics
risk
26
Which model would you use to represent the shape of Earth's surface beneath the ocean?
conceptual
physical
mathematical
graphical
27
Considering whether people will benefit financially from setting aside land as a national park.
none of these
gathering information
exploring consequences
making a decision
28
Which step includes reading newspapers and listening to experts on all sides of an issue?
evaluating all the information
exploring consequences
considering values
gathering information
29
A model of a dinosaur is an example of a _ model.
mathematical model
graphical model
physical model
conceptual model
30
The protection of natural resources
educational value
environmental value
recreational value
social/cultural value
31
Before you can make a decision using a decision-making model, what step must you take?
all of these
Explore the consequences of each option
Consider which values apply to an issue
Gather information
32
Procedure used to test a hypothesis
graphical model
probability
experiment
correlation
33
The average mass of a wolf in a pack of wolves is an example of _.
distribution
sample size
statistical population
mean
34
A flow chart
physical model
mathematical model
conceptual model
graphical model
35
Collection and classification of data in the form of numbers
data
observations
statistics
graphs
36
A road map is an example of
mathematical model
conceptual model
graphical model
physical model
37
In a scientific investigation it is important that the number being sampled is
equal to the mean number
large enough
equal to the total statistical population
a guess
38
Which of the following can help you when you want to form an opinion or make a decision?
finding one source of information
having a systematic way of analyzing issues
listening to the opinions of all the adults around you
having many friends tell you what they think
39
Principles or standards we consider important
ethics
morality issue
risk
value
40
Human leisure activities
recreational value
environmental value
social/cultural value
ethical/moral value
41
The decision making model
helps you make decisions
all of these
is a conceptual model
provides a systematic process
42
In an experiment, the factor of interest is called the
variable
hypothesis
experimental group
control group
43
Statistics are NOT used by scientists to
analyze data
compare data
all of these
gather data
44
The maintenance of human communities, their values, and their traditions
ethical/moral value
educational value
social/cultural value
recreational value
45
Listing positive and negative long and short term consequences can help you to
weigh your values
collect data for a graph
predict risks involved
make observations
46
Association used in an experiment that is impossible or unethical
risk
correlation
probability
statistic
47
What is right or wrong
ethical/moral value
environmental value
social/cultural value
educational value
48
Logical statement about what will happen
data
prediction
hypothesis
conclusion
49
Equation representing how a process works
mathematical model
physical model
conceptual model
graphical model
50
A good hypothesis is more than a guess because it
states what is likely to happen
makes logical sense
is based on intuition rather than observation
states what is likely to happen and makes logical sense
51
Chance of something happening
prediction
statistics
probability
risk
52
Which statement should be first?
All up the characteristic data from each population.
Compare the means of the two populations
Divide the sum of the data by the number of individuals
Identify a characteristic common to different populations
53
Environmental controls are made less strict outside a nature preserve
negative short-term consequence
positive short-term consequence
positive long-term consequence
negative long-term consequence
54
Testable explanation for an observation
theory
conclusion
hypothesis
law
55
Information gathered in an experiment
variable
data
statistics
control
56
Information gathered by using the senses.
statistics
value
observation
data
