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Ap Psychology Unit 3 - development Flashcards | StudBud
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Ap Psychology Unit 3 - development
Ap Psychology Unit 3 - development
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1
Cigarette smoke, alcohol, and cold viruses are all considered...
teratogens
schemas
zygotes
2
Individual whose gender identity is different from their birth-assigned sex
transgender
intersex
3
What was Lev Vygostsky known for?
a physical development theory focused on maturation
a cognitive theory which states children learn through social interaction
4
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is…
authoritative
permissive
securily attached
5
Which brain area is the last to develop, explaining why teens may engage in risky behavior?
corpus callosum
amygdala
pre-frontal cortex
pons
6
This part of the brain keeps developing until around age 25, better enabling people to control their impulses
frontal lobes
amygdala
hippocampus
7
As an infant's brain develops, some neural pathways will decay if not used. This -use-it-or-lose-it process is known as
motor development
pruning
maturation
spacing
8
Assimilation definition
interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas.
a branch of psychology concerned with mental processes.
anything that can disrupt the development of a fetus in a pregnant woman.
9
Theory we learn our genders by observing and imitating as well as by being rewarded and punished
psychoanalytic theory
social learning theory
10
Accommodation definition:adjusting or changing one’s schema’s to account for new information
False
True
11
Harry Harlow's monkey experiment demonstrated the importance of ______ when forming attachment.
contact comfort
socialization
nutrition
a familiar environment
12
What are teratogens?
a one-celled organism formed by the union of a sperm and egg
a collection of congenital problems associated with alcohol
structures that allow oxygen & nutrients to pass to fetus
any external agents that can harm an embryo or fetus
13
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
autonomy
sensorimotor
conventional
preoperational
14
Vygotsky called the space between what a child could learn with and without help the…
zone of abstract reasoning
zone of abstract logic
theory of mind
zone of proximal development
15
At what age does generativity vs stagnation occur?
adolescence
young adulthood (20's through 30's)
late adulthood (60's and older)
middle adulthood 40’s through 60’s
16
True or false: Typically a male gets an X chromosome from the egg and a Y from the sperm
true
false
17
condition due to unusual combination of sex chromosomes, hormones and anatomy; bio sexual characteristics of both sexes
intersex
homosexual
bisexual
18
What is the rooting reflex?
reflex where babies grasp tightly
infant reflex where a baby is touched and turns its head in that direction
reflex where babies hold their breath when dropped in water
19
A principle difference between longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is the..
sampling method used to choose participants
time span of the study
number of participant involved
developmental stage of the participants
20
Biologically based growth processes such as learning to walk and puberty
cognition
accomodation
maturation
assimilation
21
Stage when children communicate through symbols & language, are egocentric & lack an understanding of conservation
concrete operational stage
formal operational stage
sensorimotor stage
preoperational stage
22
expected behaviors of men and women
gender roles
gender typing
gender identity
23
a person's characteristic emotional reactivity & intensity.
integrity
temperament
generativity
24
What kind of studies involve participants who are monitored over an extended period of time?
cohort studies
developmental studies
longitudinal studies
cross-sectional studies
25
Keisha could roll over at 2 months, crawl at 5 months, and walk at 10 months, demonstrating...
habituation
egocentrism
maturation
assimilation
26
What is a cross-sectional study?
a study in which people of different cultures are compared to one another
a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another
27
Harlow’s experiments with substitute mothers made of wire demonstrated the importance of what aspect of nurturing?
feeding
touch
stranger anxiety
imprinting
28
Mary Ainsworth found that children who formed ______ attachments explored freely & were sad when the caregiver left.
avoidant
secure
authoratative
authoritarian
29
Which of the following identifies children's difficulty seeing another's perspective?
egocentric thinker
abstract thinker
role player
a child who understands conversation
30
All of the following decline as one ages: recall, strength, reaction time, sensory sharpness, fluid intelligence
true
false
31
Which of the following is true of Alzheimer's disease?
All of the Above
it involves the gradual deterioration of physical ability
it involves the gradual deterioration of cognitive ability
it is a progressive and irreversible brain disorder
32
What does an authoritative parenting style include?
few rules and demands on a child
rules but room for discussion and exceptions. open dialogue
rules with little room for discussion or exceptions
33
Self-identification as being male, female, or a combination
sex
gender identity
34
Which is the correct order?
identity; genrativity; intimacy; integrity
identity; intimacy; generativity; integrity
35
Aiden's parents track him via GPS, have a strict curfew, and demand obedience. They are...
using the authoritative style of parenting
using the permissive style of parenting
using the best style of parenting
using the authoritarian style of parenting
36
Females tend to enter puberty ______ males.
before
after
37
Which of the following is the correct term for a mental framework Piaget said we use to interpret our environment?
schema
stability
concentration
soft music
38
children with a(n) _________ attachment tend to cling to a caregiver; often don't care if caregiver leaves or returns
insecure
secure
39
A lack of object permanence is indicative of which stage of cognitive development?
formal operational
pre-operational
sensorimotor
pre-conventional
40
According to Erickson, you develop your ____, a part of who you are, from your group memberships
sefl-esteem
social self
social identity
self-interest
41
Which of the following phenomena is the ability to understand that quantity does not change despite appearances?
conservation
reversibility
object permanence
egocentricism
42
A toddler being potty trained is facing a challenge in which Erikson's stages?
autonomy vs shame & doubt
trust vs mistrust
industry vs inferiority
initiative vs guilt
43
During what phase does a child finally start to undersand conservation?
concerte operational
sensorimotor
formal operational
preoperational
44
Menopause is when...
men are most fertile
women are most fertile
men are no longer fertile
women are no longer fertile
45
_____________ refers to characteristic mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity.
inhibition
attachment
temperament
maturation
46
According to Erikson’s theory, adolescents are most primarily concerned in a search for…
identity
autonomy
career
affection
47
Mothers who are attentive to their children’s needs are more likely to promote __________.
disorganized attachment
avoidant attachment
secure attachment
resistant attachment
48
Which term of prenatal development encompasses the first two weeks after conception?
embryo
fetus
baby
zygote
49
In what order are the stages of development in (Piaget)
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, fromal operational
preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational
concrete operational, sensorimotor, formal operational, preoperational
50
______ is based on biology while ______ is based on culturally constructed views.
gender stereotypes; gender roles
gender roles; gender stereotypes
sex; gender
gender; sex
51
Which is the correct order?
trust; autonomy; initiative; competence
competence; autonomy; initiative; trust
52
What is crystalized intelligence?
one's abstract thinking and speed of processing; tends to decrease by age
one’s accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, tends to increase with age
53
Object permanence is awareness that things continue to exist even though they are not perceived
True
False
54
the process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period early in life
habituating
assimilating
imprinting
55
Prospective ("Remember to....") memory increases as we age
True
False
56
An 18-month old typically recognizes herself in the mirror. This self-awareness contributes to...
self-assurance
self-actualization
self-concept
self-esteem
57
Which is the correct order?
zygote, fetus, embryo
embryo, fetus, zygote
zygote, embryo, fetus
embryo, zygote, fetus
58
primary sex characteristic; secondary sex characteristic
body hair; testes
testes; body hair
