Q2 Benchmark Review

Question 1

Which does NOT help preserve organisms as fossils?

Accepted Answer

activities of microorganisms

Question 2

__ is a process by which organisms with characteristics suited to the environment will survive.

Accepted Answer

natural selection

Question 3

Which fossils are made from organisms that were abundant, widespread, & lived for a short time?

Accepted Answer

index

Question 4

What does the principle of superposition state?

Accepted Answer

Youngest rocks are on the top

Question 5

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Accepted Answer

heat and pressure

Question 6

What is this object's displacement at point D?

Accepted Answer

zero

Question 7

What may tell a geologist when, where, and how an organism lived?

Accepted Answer

fossil

Question 8

Which segment shows no motion?

Accepted Answer

B-C

Question 9

Which organism allowed oxygen, and therefore the ozone layer, to be present on Earth?

Accepted Answer

cyanobacteria

Question 10

What happened at the end of each era?

Accepted Answer

mass extinction

Question 11

Which segment shows forward motion (away from the starting point)?

Accepted Answer

A-B

Question 12

__ dating involves comparing rock layers; __ dating involves figuring out rocks' exact ages.

Accepted Answer

relative; absolute

Question 13

The Alps and Himalayan mountain ranges formed in which era?

Accepted Answer

Cenozoic

Question 14

Rock layers are likely part of one continuous deposit if both layers contain the same _____.

Accepted Answer

fossils

Question 15

Which is a solid that has a repeating pattern of atoms?

Accepted Answer

crystal

Question 16

When did dinosaurs live?

Accepted Answer

Mesozoic Era

Question 17

Speed =

Accepted Answer

distance/time

Question 18

Which type of mineral is typically cut and polished?

Accepted Answer

gem

Question 19

List the subdivisions of geologic time from smallest to largest:

Accepted Answer

epoch, period, era, eon

Question 20

Which existed during the Mesozoic Era?

Accepted Answer

birds & angiosperms

Question 21

How are igneous rocks formed?

Accepted Answer

Cooled lava or magma

Question 22

Plate tectonics can cause changes in the environment, which may then affect:

Accepted Answer

organic evolution

Question 23

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Accepted Answer

Compacted and cemented sediment

Question 24

Preserved animal tracks are an example of this kind of fossil

Accepted Answer

trace

Question 25

Which is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid?

Accepted Answer

mineral

Question 26

Which existed in Precambrian time?

Accepted Answer

cyanobacteria

Question 27

Which type of mineral can be useful and sold for a profit after being mined and processed?

Accepted Answer

ore

Question 28

Geologic time is divided into units based upon types of ___.

Accepted Answer

organisms

Question 29

In which era did humans appear?

Accepted Answer

Cenozoic

Question 30

Not much is known about Earth's early history because:

Accepted Answer

all of these

Question 31

Why would an organism's skeleton change?

Accepted Answer

changing environments AND competition for survival

Question 32

In the following picture, layer ___ is the youngest, and layer ___ is the oldest.

Accepted Answer

A; G

Question 33

Which fossil is formed from the leftover carbon of an organism?

Accepted Answer

carbon film

Question 34

Trilobites are index fossils because they:

Accepted Answer

all of these

Question 35

Which segment shows backwards motion (towards the starting point)?

Accepted Answer

C-D

Question 36

Epochs in the ___ era have certain names.

Accepted Answer

Cenozoic

Question 37

A ___ is the cavity left behind in a rock after hard parts dissolve; a ___ fills the cavity

Accepted Answer

mold; cast

Question 38

The climate during the Mesozoic era was __, which caused water-retaining reptiles to survive.

Accepted Answer

dryer

Q2 Benchmark Review

Questions 38

Q2 Benchmark Review

Questions 38