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Chemistry for Esthetics Flashcards | StudBud
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Chemistry for Esthetics
Chemistry for Esthetics
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Source is Salon Fundamentals of Pivot Point, 2022
Flashcards
75 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which of the following classifications would identify emulsions that are usually used in the industry?
water-in-oil emulsion
deodorant
oil-in-water emulsion
loose particles
2
What is the number one cause of skin cancer and premature aging?
smoking
sun exposure
exfoliating
drinking
3
Which of the following are vegetable, mineral or pigment dyes that are added to products to enhance appearance?
botanicals
coloring agents
emulsifying agents
fragrances
4
All matter that is now living or was alive at one time, with carbon present, falls within the scientific division of:
organic chemistry
inorganic chemisty
physics
anatomy
5
The term used to identify anything that occupies space and has weight is called:
a solid
matter
a gas
organic
6
On the pH scale, numbers less than 7 indicate a(n):
acidic solution
alkaline solution
chemical solution
neutral solution
7
Factors to consider when choosing ingredients include all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
market trends
cosmetic formulators opinion
technological advancements
product properties
8
On the pH scale, the closer you get to 14, the stronger the acidity.
True
False
9
Liposomes, microsponges and hydrogels all fall under what delivery system?
patch delivery
nanotechnology
microencapsulation
organic
10
Joan has a client with sensitive skin, which of the following masks would help calm and soothe her client's skin?
cream mask
paraffin mask
clay/mud mask
gel mask
11
Which type of UV ray is longer penetrating and causes collagen breakdown
UVD
UVB
UVA
UVC
12
What is created when amino acids join together in chains?
elements
proteins
compounds
chemicals
13
What is the most common element in the universe?
nitrogen
oxygen
hydrogen
sulfur
14
A night cream moisturizer is rich in antioxidants and repairing ingredients.
True
False
15
Pure substances are made of only one type of:
mixture
atom or molecule
oxygen and hydrogen
compound
16
Acids or bases used to alter the desired product pH level are called:
active ingredients
comedogenic
pH adjustors
non-comedogenic
17
Ingredients that help hold the product together, provide a base and contain a preservative system are called:
functional
performance
hypoallergenic
preservative
18
Atoms that are the same form a(n):
compound
element
emulsion
mixture
19
A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a(n):
ointment
solvent
powder
emulsion
20
Examples of non-comedogenic ingredients include all of the following EXCEPT:
enzymes
water-soluble
color additives
vitamins
21
All of the following statements about brighteners are true EXCEPT:
they increase the production of hyperpigmentation
they are used to brighten areas of hyperpigmentation
they are a naturally derived ingredient
they slow the production of hyperpigmentation
22
The scientific study of matter and the physical and chemical changes of matter is known as:
chemistry
anatomy
psychology
physics
23
Which cosmetic ingredient helps to prevent moisture loss?
enzyme
emollient
preservative
surfactant
24
When a solution has an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, the solution is considered:
acidic
positive
negative
neutral
25
Liquid foundation would fall under which cosmetic classification?
solution
emulsion
ointment
suspension
26
A granular scrub used to assist in physically removing dead skin cells is an example of what type of exfoliant?
toning
chemical
mechanical(physical)
enzyme
27
An ingredient used in skin care products to cover (mask) odor of raw ingredients is:
fatty alcohol
water
hydroxy acid
fragrance
28
The instructions on a product state to shake well before use, which indicates the product is a(n):
ointment
solution
emulsion
suspension
29
What happens when an alkali is placed in water?
alkali decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions
there are fewer "loose" OH- ions
alkali increases the concentration of hydrogen ions
they neutralize each other
30
What is formed when two or more non-mixable substances are untied with the help of a binder?
ointment
powder
emulsion
solution
31
When a solution can't take or dissolve more of the solute than it already holds at a given temperature, it's referred as
concentrated solution
saturated solution
solvent solution
dilute solution
32
What is a negatively charged ion called?
hydrogen
anion
acid
cation
33
A simple unit of a carbohydrate is called:
polysaccharides
saccharide
monosaccharide
disaccharides
34
Water freezing and becoming ice is an example of what type of change?
chemical
elemental
physical
molecular
35
Matter with definite weight but indefinite volume and shape is called:
organic
a solid
a liquid
a gas
36
Matter with definiite weight and volume but no definite shape is called:
solid
organic
liquid
gas
37
Many products estheticians use are the result of chemically uniting two different elements, which is known as:
compound
molecule
atom
mixture
38
The atomic number of a particular element indicates:
the number of protons in a single atom
the number of atoms in a single element
the number of neutrons in a single atom
the number of electrons in a single atom
39
The mechanical or chemical process of removing superficial dead skin is referred to as:
exfoliation
metabolism
permeation
cell turnover
40
Electrons have which type of electrical charge?
negative
positive
neutral
none
41
Which government agency is responsible for regulating cosmetics in the U.S.?
OSHA
FDA
OTC
EPA
42
Which ingredient provides product quality and protection, is active against bacteria and enhances product longevity?
surfactants
preservatives
pH adjustors
humectants
43
All of the following are benefits that may be derived from botanicals EXCEPT:
reduces inflammation
conditioning effects
antibacterial effects
increases melanocyte reaction
44
All of the following statements regarding aerosols are true EXCEPT:
they are blended with a propellant inside a container
they are environmentally friendly to discard
they are products packaged under pressure
they are explosive and flammable
45
Neutrons have which type of electrical charge?
chemical
positive
none
negative
46
A pH of 5 is how many times more acidic than a pH of 6?
1.5
10
100
10000
47
What ingredient is listed as the primary ingredient on many skin care products?
salt
oil
ammonia
water
48
Protons have which type of electrical charge?
neutral
positive
none
negative
49
Solutions that are acidic or alkaline in value can be dissolved in and/or contain:
water
hydrogen
salt
carbon
50
pH stands for:
potential hydrogen
product hydration
perfect hair
potential hydroxide
51
A client wants to purchase eye makeup remover that won't cause harm to her false lashes. Which product do you suggest?
oily eye makeup remover
eye cream
eye gel
non-oily eye makeup remover
52
Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called:
solids
molecules
compounds
elements
53
Mixtures of two or more kinds of molecules, having a tendency to separate when left standing, are known as:
emulsions
solutions
suspensions
ointments
54
Skin comprises two solids, which are carbon and sulfur and three gases, which are hydrogen, nitrogrn and:
neon
propane
helium
oxygen
55
A bond uniting two amino acid groups that create proteins are:
side bonds
salt bonds
alkaline bonds
peptide bonds
56
SPF testing is based on which type of UV rays?
UVA
UVD
UVB
UVC
57
Why is skin a solid?
has definite weight but indefinite volume and shape
has definite weight, volume and shape
has definite weight and volume but no definite shape
has indefinite weight, volume and shape
58
Acids tend to tast:
sour
sweet
salty
bitter
59
To reduce free radicals and protect delicate skin, advise your client to use products that contain:
antioxidants
essential oils
retinoids
acids
60
Eye gel, serum and neck cream are examples of products used to:
treat
exfoliate
moisturize
tone
61
How are ingredients listed on a product label?
highest weight concentration listed last
descending order by weight concentration
ascending order by weight concentration
lowest weight concentration listed first
62
Which type of toner has the lowest percentage of alcohol content?
toning lotion
astringent
freshener
tonic
63
Examples of an emulsion include:
deodorants
cleansing bars
cleansing creams
eye gels
64
Most skin care products used by estheticians and clients are:
mixtures
soaps
powders
gels
65
What color does blue litmus paper turn when placed in an acid?
green
white
red
orange
66
Mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat and then purified fall under which cosmetic classification?
powders
soaps
suspensions
ointments
67
Why is pure water considered a neutral substance?
positive and negative alkali cancel each other out
anions and cations are present
positive and negative ions balance each other out
ions are all positively charged
68
What are the three major biochemical compound groups in the body?
hormones, enzymes and proteins
proteins, carbohydrates and lipids
atoms, molecules and mixtures
muscles, nerves and blood
69
A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when placed in water because it donates, H+ ions is a(n):
base
alkali
alkaline
acid
70
Why do unstable atoms seek other atoms with which they can share electrons?
to get rid of extra electrons
to become a protein
to complete their outer shell
to become amino acids
71
A solid is defined as:
matter with definite weight and volume but not definite shape
matter with definite weight but indefinite volume and shape
matter with definite weight, volume and shape
matter with no definite weight but indefinite volume and shape
72
Which of the following classifications would identify emulsions that are usually used in the industry?
loose particles
oil-in-water
deodorant
water-in-oil
73
A substance such as an enzyme or AHA, that works in conjunction with other ingredients to remove dead cells is an(an):
mechanical exfoliant
cleansing lotion
chemical exfoliant
massage cream
74
Which of the following functional ingredients cause water to be held onto the skin?
humectants
fatty acids
surfactants
emollients
75
Which of the following elements is the most abundant in the earth's crust and second most abundant in the atmosphere?
hydrogen
nitrogen
carbon
oxygen