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Earth Science Review
Earth Science Review
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High School Earth Science NCFE Review
Flashcards
90 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
90
Answers
1
What is the change in orientation of our poles, shifting the seasons?
perihelion
barycenter
nutation
precession
2
The study of all interacting biotic and abiotic factors on Earth is a part of the ___.
geosphere
biosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere
3
at what point in earth's revolution is it moving the fastest?
aphelion
perihelion
apogee
perigee
4
A stream that is difficult to see-through is said to have high ____.
biodiversity
accidification
solution
turbidity
5
What is true about land, as compared to water?
it heats up slower
it is warmer at night
it cools down slower
it heats up quicker
6
When water seeps into the cracks of rocks, freezes, and expands is called ___.
bedload
chemical weathering
frost wedging
erosion
7
Which of the following is not considered a greenhouse gas?
chlorine
water vapor
carbon dioxide
methane
8
At what point is the Earth farthest from the Sun?
aphelion
apogee
perihelion
perigee
9
This rock is composed of other types of rocks that is subjected to high pressure and heat.
extrusive igneous
metamorphic
sedimentary
intrusive igneous
10
Which of the following is a result of physical/mechanical weathering?
sand dunes
acidic groundwater
karst topography
iron rusting
11
Amount of dissolved salt in water is called ___.
affinity
permeability
salinity
acidity
12
What are rock and soil deposited by streams called?
aquifer
stalagmites
sediment
sinkholes
13
Cold, dry air is associated with which type of air mass?
maritime polar
maritime tropical
continental polar
continental tropical
14
What has the greatest influence on Earth's tides?
moon
sun
earth's core
earth's rotation
15
How does hydroelectric energy produce power?
splitting of atoms produces electricity
heat and steam within the earth produce electricity
flowing water spins turbines
tidal currents spin turbines
16
Runoff containing pesticides and fertilizer from neighborhood lawns is called ___.
non-point source pollution
point-source pollution
runoff pollution
fertilizer pollution
17
Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a biome?
insect species
trees
mosses and algae
average temperature
18
Over what geologic feature was Hawaii formed?
hot spot
focus
subduction zone
convergent boundary
19
What is most responsible for the seasons on Earth?
earth's distance from sun
earth's tilt
earth's revolution around sun
earth's rotation
20
A cold air mass overtaking a warm air mass and replacing it is called a ____.
occluded front
stationary front
cold front
warm front
21
The water table is found at the boundary between ___.
zones of delta and alluvial fan
zone of aeration and delta
zone of aeration and saturation
zone of saturation and percolation
22
Which type of volcano produces the most violet eruption and pyroclastic material?
shield
cinder cone
crater
composite
23
Which model states that the sun is in the center?
geocentric
greenhouse effect
heliocentric
doppler effect
24
What is one advantage of wind energy?
generates abundant electricity
large open land is required
expensive to install equipment
noise pollution
25
Large materials, such as gravel, that are carried along the bottom of a stream are called ___.
solution
bed load
suspension
dissolved load
26
What are the two major sources of energy that power the Earth?
sun and earth's core
water cycle and sun
rock cycle and water cycle
earth's core and rock cycle
27
A large area characterized by its climate and plants and animals that live there is called a __
biome
species
organism
community
28
Which of the following contains a list of ALL renewable resources?
water, oil, plants, natural gas
air, soil, minerals, plants
coal, water, oil, animals
petroleum, minerals, oil, water
29
Which of the following does not make up soil?
earthworms
air
water
decayed organic material
30
The length of the day is based on ___.
moon orbiting the earth
rotation of moon on its axis
earth orbiting the sun
rotation of earth on its axis
31
What are the three main plate boundaries?
transform, convergent, strikeslip
convergent, strikeslip, normal
transform, convergent, divergent
transform, divergent, reverse
32
The general surface wind circulation associated with a high pressure center is ___.
counterclockwise and outward
counterclockwise and inward
clockwise and outward
clockwise and inward
33
What is formed at a divergent oceanic-oceanic boundary?
new ocean crust
trench
subduction zone
volcanic island arc
34
What percent of Earth's water is potable?
3%
97%
10%
72%
35
Which soil texture has the smallest particle size?
clay
sand
gravel
silt
36
Which layer of the atmosphere is responsible for most weather and climate on Earth?
thermosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
37
The number and variety of organisms in a given area at a specific period of time is called ___.
habitat
biodiversity
ecosystem
biome
38
Which of the following processes will decrease salinity?
precipitation
rich runoff from land
ocean water freezing
evaporation
39
What powers the water cycle?
sun's energy
ocean currents
earth's core
rain and snow
40
A psychrometer is used to determine which weather variables?
wind speed and wind direction
air pressure and air temperature
percentage of cloud cover and cloud height
relative humidity and dewpoint
41
This rock is formed quickly on the surface of the Earth.
intrusive igneous
extrusive igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
42
What two atmospheric layers will have an increase in air temperature?
stratosphere/thermosphere
stratosphere/mesosphere
thermosphere/mesosphere
troposphere/stratosphere
43
What is the point between two celestial objects that they each orbit around?
barycenter
nutation
rotation
precession
44
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a material is called ___.
coriolis effect
isobars
specific heat
temperature inversion
45
An organism's unique survival strategy or role within a particular environment is called its __
niche
environment
habitat
biome
46
Which type of wind system is found between 0 and 30 degrees north latitude?
trade winds
doldrums
easterlies
prevailing westerlies
47
What is the outermost layer of the Earth?
asthenosphere
lithosphere
mantle
crust
48
Which two processes lead to cloud formation in rising air?
compressing and cooling
compressing and warming
expanding and warming
expanding and cooling
49
The exact spot on the surface where an earthquake is the most intense is know as the ___.
epicenter
hot spot
focus
fault
50
What do we call the edges of land next to oceans?
volcanoes
coasts
mountains
plains
51
This shoreline feature stretches across a bay, closing it off from the ocean.
spit
barrier island
baymouth bar
tombolo
52
Process of positively restoring land after it has been used is called ___.
preservation
conservation
degradation
mitigation
53
Zebra mussels were introduced to new ecosystems where they did not originate. This is called __
native species
exotic
invasive species
endangered
54
What is true about saltwater, as compared to fresh water?
it is denser
it is warmer
it is less dense
it is colder
55
What is another name for a primary consumer?
herbivore
carnivore
omnivore
autotroph
56
What is used to help map the features of the ocean floor?
nightvision
global positioning system
sonar
infrared
57
Which activity would be part of a logical plan for people to manage energy resources at home?
turn off all lights that are not in use
installing recycling centers
drive below speed limit to save gas
burn trash instead of putting it out for pickup
58
The interaction of all of Earth's spheres is called a ___.
biome
group
ecosystem
system
59
How does the Sun's energy reach Earth?
rotation
radiation
conduction
convection
60
What is it called when the Sun and Moon's gravity work together to create super high/low tides?
neap tide
roll tide
spring tide
fall tide
61
What is the curving of the path of winds due to the Earth's rotation called?
doldrums
coriolis effect
greenhouse effect
doppler effect
62
Where are the wind speeds the fastest within a hurricane?
eyewall
bottom of the hurricane
top of the hurricane
eye
63
Which of the following is considered a renewable energy source?
coal
oil
natural gas
geothermal
64
Has organisms with special adaptations to a hot, dry climate.
coniferous forest
desert
tundra
steppe
65
Non-renewable resources formed from buried remains of plants and animals that live long ago.
natural gas and wood
coal and oil
water and wood
natural gas and oil
66
What does transpiration mean?
evaporation from ocean
water infiltration
evaporation from vegetation
abundance of oxygen
67
What is responsible for continental drift?
earthquakes
convection currents
gravity shifting
tremors
68
How does energy from earthquakes travel?
as pulses
as light
as sound
as seismic waves
69
What happens most often at divergent boundaries?
mid-ocean ridges
subduction
volcanoes
earthquakes
70
Which seismic wave is not able to travel through liquid material within Earth?
surface waves
p-waves
s-waves
tidal waves
71
Which is not an agent of chemical weathering?
carbon dioxide
water
oxygen
wind
72
Why is petroleum considered to be a non-renewable resource?
constantly forms within earth
requires a very long period to form
difficult to obtain and transport
releases harmful chemicals when burned
73
What is the most likely air mass system coming from Canada?
mT
cT
mP
cP
74
In the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds around the center of a hurricane move ___.
clockwise and inward
counterclockwise and outward
clockwise and outward
counterclockwise and inward
75
Which of the following consists of the four main agents of erosion?
water, wind, ice, pollution
water, wind, ice, gravity
water, wind, heat, gravity
water, ozone, heat, gravity
76
Global circular-moving surface currents are called ___.
waves
tides
gyres
currents
77
This biome contains trees that lose its leaves, therefore enriching the topsoil.
temperature grassland
savanna
coniferous forest
temperature deciduous forest
78
A ___ front brings fair to good weather.
stationary front
cold front
occluded front
warm front
79
What do we call water that contains elements of both freshwater and saltwater?
brownish
brackish
saltyfresh
partly salted
80
Which part of the hydrologic (water) cycle is working against gravity?
infiltration
condensation
evaporation
precipitation
81
What is the optimum climate for soil production and efficiency?
cold and wet
hot and wet
hot and dry
cold and dry
82
Which of the following refers to the area of land where all of the water drains?
channel
stream load
watershed
water table
83
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling air pressure?
humidity is decreasing
skies are clearing
temperature is decreasing
storm is approaching
84
The most biologically diverse biome, yet has poor soil is the ___.
tundra
temperature grassland
taiga
tropical rainforest
85
Which is the best method of how the atmosphere is warmed?
by the ground, which receives energy from the sun
by the lack of clouds in an area
by the ozone layer
directly from the sun
86
What gas makes up most of the atmosphere on Earth?
nitrogen
argon
oxygen
carbon dioxide
87
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a mineral?
definite chemical composition
organic
naturally occurring
solid
88
Resources that exist in limited amounts or is used faster than it is replaced are called ___.
renewable resources
conservation
preservation
non-renewable resources
89
A disadvantage of using fossil fuels as an energy resource is ___.
burning fossil fuels is relatively simple
heat released during combustion can be used for electricity
produces large amounts of energy
gases released during combustion can form acid rain
90
On what day is the Earth at Perihelion?
winter solstice
spring equinox
autumnal equinox
summer solstice