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AP Psychology Exam Review
AP Psychology Exam Review
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AP Psychology Review
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1
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
2
Some researchers consider developmental psychology an applied research topic because...
Original research in this area is difficult.
Pure research is difficult to gain support for.
Researchers apply findings from other areas of psychology.
It is more easily applied to people's lives than research.
3
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Unconscious behavioral impulses
Individual choice
Biological processes
Past conditioning
4
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It yields consistent results.
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It is also valid.
It is given in the same way every time.
5
The cochlea is responsible for...
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
Protecting the surface of the eye.
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
6
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Endorphins
Serotonin
Dopamine
GABA
7
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
8
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
Which pain messages are perceived.
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
9
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
10
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
Cognitive
Behaviorist
11
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
12
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Regression
Sublimation
Denial
Rationalization
13
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Sensorimotor
Conventional
Formal Operations
Pre-operational
14
The binocular cue for depth perception using muscles that turn the eyes to focus is called:
Shape Constancy
Interposition
Retinal Disparity
Convergence
15
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
CS
CR
US
UR
16
The Hawthorne effect is best defined as:
Idea that people will alter behavior based on attention
Change in results when it is "blind" vs. "double blind"
Expectations by experimenter that influences the results
Idea that subjects will lie if the researcher tells them to
17
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
Our adaptability to different problems.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
18
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
REM Sleep
Stage 3
Stage 1
19
Who is credited with creating client-centered therapy?
Carl Rogers
Aaron Beck
Albert Ellis
Fritz Perls
20
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
Behaviorism
The unconscious mind
Gestalt Theory
Structuralism
21
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Are by-products of how our brain processes trauma.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
Occur only after stressful events.
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
22
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
23
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
24
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Appropriate for only female patients.
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Too applicable for research settings.
Unscientific and unverifiable
25
Maintenance Rehearsal involves:
Processing iconic memories
Systematically recalling information
Recalling words at the end of a list
Intentionally repeating information
26
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A strong libido.
A positive self-concept.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
A belief in luck.
27
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
28
Which statement about bulimia is true?
The main cause of bulimia is society's emphasis on thinness.
Bulimics lose in excess of 15 percent of their body weight.
All bulimics use vomiting to rid their bodies of calories.
Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their body image.
29
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
MRI and CAT
CAT and EKG
PET and EEG
EKG and CAT
30
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
31
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Serotonin
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Acetylcholine
32
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
33
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Intelligence
Self-esteem
Reading ability
Motor development
34
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Behaviorist
Structuralist
Biopsychologist
Psychoanalytic
35
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Fixed Ratio
Fixed Interval
Continuous
Variable Ratio
36
Which method of therapy is most eclectic?
Psychodynamic
Client-centered
Token economy
Psychoanalytic
37
Which of the following is not an anxiety disorder?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Zoophobia
Panic Disorder
Conversion Disorder
38
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Abraham Maslow
39
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Interposition
Linear perspective
Convergence
Texture gradient
40
Weber's Law can be defined as:
Just-Noticeable Difference is constant proportion
Smallest change that can be detected 50% of the time
There is an adjustment of sensation levels
All stimuli respond to same sensations through patterns
41
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Transference
Systematic desensitization
ECT
Somatic therapy
42
Which part of the brain combines sounds into words & arranges words into meaningful sentences?
Wernicke's Area
Hypothalamus
Medulla
Broca's Area
43
A split brain person looks at a dot between "HE" and "ART". What will the patient do?
Say they see the word "ART"
Point to the word "ART"
Say the word "HEART"
Say they see the word "HE"
44
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
Less reported stress.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
Increased arousal.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
45
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
46
Reason when you don't hear someone, yet can automatically repeat it once you ask what was said
Semantic Memory
Echoic Memory
Iconic Memory
Sensory Memory
47
Schizophrenia is most likely to be treated with...?
Prozac
Valium
Lithium
Haldol
48
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
Positively skewed
Normal
A straight line
Negatively skewed
49
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Elements of language.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
50
After his accident Paul can't make new memories & must write everything down. This is known as:
Retrograde Amnesia
Dissociative Amnesia
Retroactive Interference
Anterograde Amnesia
51
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Affection
Career
Identity
Autonomy
52
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The time span of the study.
The developmental stage of the participants.
The number of participants involved.
53
After repeating a phone number many times, Lisa forgets after hanging up. What memory process?
Echoic Memory
Iconic Memory
Short-term Memory
Sensory Memory
54
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Authoritative
Avoidant
Secure
Authoritarian
55
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Practical
Musical
Spatial
Linguistic
56
According to the nativist theory, language is acquired...
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
Using an inborn ability to learn language.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
57
All schizophrenics suffer from...
Compulsions
Multiple personalities
Depression
Hallucinations
58
"The higher the room temperature, the lower student performance would be" is an example of:
Zero Correlation
Negative Correlation
Dependent Correlation
Positive Correlation
59
Compared to divergent thinkers, convergent thinkers are more likely to:
Choose to use an algorithm rather than a heuristic
Generate numerous solutions when problem solving
Think "outside the box" when problem solving
Use representative heuristics to problem solve
60
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Obsessions
Hallucinations
Delusions
Compulsions
61
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
Concerns over validity
The need for a representative sample
Sampling error
Many confounding variables
62
Which of the following is
not
a monocular depth cue?
Linear Perspective
Texture Gradient
Convergence
Interposition
63
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Homeostasis
Equilibrium
Self-actualization
Primary satisfaction
64
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Adrenaline
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
Endorphins
65
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
66
In the Milgram studies, the dependent measure was...?
The instructions given by the experimenter.
The location of the learner.
The number of people in the group.
The highest level of shock supposedly administered.
67
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
68
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Producing speech
Abstract reasoning
Spatial reasoning
Control of the left hand
69
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Mixed
Flexible
Eclectic
Open-minded
70
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
71
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Introspection
Naturalistic observation
Structuralism
Inferential
72
Weber's Law determines...
Amplitude of sound waves
Level of subliminal messages
Absolute threshold
Just-noticeable difference
73
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Humanist
Eclectic
Social-cultural
Functionalist
74
Which of the following is the best analogy for how psychologists view consciousness?
The ignition switch on a car.
A dimmer switch for a light fixture.
The on/off switch on a computer.
A circuit breaker that controls power to a house.
75
All of the following people are known for their theories of intelligences, EXCEPT...?
Guilford
Thurstone
Flynn
Gardner
76
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your learning?
Serotonin
Thorazine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
77
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
78
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Continuous
Variable Interval
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
79
Which coefficients of correlation indicates the weakest relationship between two variables?
-1.00
0.51
-0.28
0.08
80
In English class, Ben can recall the author of
The Scarlet Letter,
his favorite book. This type of memory is:
Episodic
Procedural
Semantic
Constructive
81
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
82
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
83
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Standardized test
Aptitude test
Achievement test
Intelligence test
84
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
85
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
5
5.5
4.5
6
86
A negative side-effect of ECT is...
Memory loss
Tardive dyskinesia
Hysteria
Hallucinations
87
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Abstract reasoning
Syllogistic
Formal operations
Operational
