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The Age of Absolutism/Enlightenment Flashcards | StudBud
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The Age of Absolutism/Enlightenment
The Age of Absolutism/Enlightenment
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1
How did Parliament and Charles end up at war with one another?
Charles had many members of Parliament executed
Parliament tried to assassinate Charles
Charles allied with the French against the dutch against Parliaments wishes
Charles attempted to arrest many members of Parliament
2
What was the nominal reason Louis XIV waged war throughout much of his reign?
Many European monarchs disagreed with his Divine Right
He supported revolutionary ideas
To protect the borders of France
To bring French culture to Europe
3
John Locke believed in Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
False
True
4
In order to keep things afloat, what did many in the French government continue to do?
Wage war to earn spoils
Expand trade networks to open new avenues for royal revenue
Curb royal spending so that the nation could recover economically
Tax the poor heavily
5
What was Absolutism?
The Unrestrained power of the monarchy
A philosophical concept created to counter the Enlightenment
The absolute right of any government to do whatever it wants
Confidence
6
Who was Oliver Cromwell?
General of the Roundheads (Parliamentary forces)
The Leader of the Scottish Covenanters
An Irish military man hired by the Royals
The Commander of the Cavaliers (Royal Forces)
7
What Concept led to the creation of "The Divine Right of Kings"?
The Great Chain of Being
Martin Luther's concepts of equality under God
Heliocentrism
Roman Inheritance
8
What document was signed by the Revolutionaries which demonstrated Enlightenment ideals?
The Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
The Two Treatises of Government
The Declaration of Right
9
What was one issue and one benefit of the Age of Absolutism in France?
The Growth of Despotism/The French Revolution
Constant Warfare/Economic Ruin
Lavish Aristocratic Indulgences/ Cultural Growth (such as Baroque art)
An Increase in medical knowledge/The Laws of Gravity
10
What action did Louis XIV take in 1685 for the sake of "french unity"?
He signed the French version of Magna Carta
The Signing of the Edict of Nantes
The Revocation of the Edict of Fontainebleau
The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes
11
What Enlightenment ideas does The Declaration of Independence exhibit?
The power of the monarch, Humanism, Baroque reasoning
Logic, Liberalism, Absolutism
Notions of Equality, Consent of the governed, logical reasoning
Logical reasoning, religious reliance, War being the answer
12
Why was Louis called the Sun King?
Everything in Europe orbited around him (metaphorically)
He believed himself greater than the sun
He was simply a great patron of the sciences
Some looked at Louis as a god, since he was such an absolute monarch
13
What was one of the early problems of Louis XIV's early reign?
Invasions from the English
The Nobility
The Church
France's overseas Empire
14
The Enlightenment sprang primarily from which two previous movements?
The Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution
Feudalism and Colonialism
Absolutism and Liberalism
The Renaissance and Imperialism
15
What was Louis XIV's primary epithet (title)?
Charlemagne
The Sun King
The Baroque King
God's Chosen
16
What was one of the major issues that caused the American Revolution?
British Taxation in the period following the French and Indian War
Slavery
The loss of the French and Indian War
A national rivalry between the colonies and Great Britain
17
What was one major advantage that the Parliamentarian forces developed over the Royalists?
They were better armed
They had a larger army
The allied with the French
The New Model Army
18
What was Charles I charged with by Parliament following the English Civil War?
Trying to overthrow Parliament
Treason against his people
The Murder of his own people
Treason against the crown
19
Voltaire heavily criticized what institution?
The French Church (Religion in general)
The Royal Academy of Sciences
The Anti-Military
The American Colonies
20
What eventually sparked the violence and bloodshed that would characterize the French Revolution?
The execution of Louis XVi
The birth of the Cult of Reason
The Storming of the Bastille
The Reign of Terror
21
Roughly how much did it cost for Louis to turn Versailles into the palace it became?
An Arm and a Leg
Roughly the cost of an airport (100 million Livres)(roughly 5 billion$)
Roughly the Cost of a House (644k in the modern day)(1000 Livres)
300 Million dollars (sixty million livres)
22
As an absolute monarch, Louis was very focused on which concept?
Military patience
What the people wanted
Religious Freedoms
National Unity
23
Charles I was a part of what English dynasty?
Tudor
Stuart
Plantagent
Windsors
24
What was the Estates General?
The government that replaced the king
The Chief financial advisor to the king
An advisory body to the king made up of the 3 estates of France
An emergency body meant to act in the sudden death of the king
25
What was a major issue during the reign of Louis XVI?
The American Revolution
Constant Warfare
The Economic ruin wrought by his forefathers
Being unable to corral the nobility like his forefathers had
26
What was the real reason Louis waged war for much of his reign?
To reduce the power of the Habsburgs in Europe
To refound Catholicism in Protestant Lands
To defeat the enemies of his father
To Conquer all of Europe
27
The Enlightenment believed what about Human beings?
They could answer questions and issues using rational thought and logic
They were reliant on Divine grace to understand the universe
They were born unequal, but made equal through rational thought
They were fundamentally good, and thus government was good
28
Who was Maximilien Robespierre?
A religious fanatic set on restoring the monarchy
A Lawyer turned Revolutionary Jacobin leader
The first man executed by the Revolutionaries
The stationed officer of the Bastille
29
What was a long term effect from Louis XIV's reign?
The Velvet Revolution
The American Revolution
The French Revolution
The Glorious Revolution
30
Which group was a major patron of Charles II?
Composers, like Mozart
The Globe Theatre
The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge
The Puritans
31
What was an outcome in many areas as a result of Enlightened ideas?
A decline in royal power/ Revolution
Economic Ruin
Nothing happened in reality
An increase in the rights of ALL people
32
Which American Founding Father was heavily influenced by John Locke?
La Marquis de Lafayette
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
Jacques Rousseau
33
The third estate founded a new government called the National Assembly to get around the Estates General.
False
True
34
The Enlightenment led to critical growth in what areas?
Religion
Warfare
Economics
Equality
35
What was one way that Louis was able to deal with the problem of his nobles?
He had many of them taxed if they did not listen to him
He executed many of them
He built Versailles, and made them depend on him
He sent them into exile
36
What was something Louis XIV did constantly throughout his reign?
Paint
Live modestly
Dance interpretively
Wage War
37
What is the basic concept for the Divine Right of Kings?
God appointed kings to rule, so they must live as christ did
God appointed kings to rule, so to challenge them is to challenge God
Kings had a right to rule over the Church
Kings were granted their authority from God, and so must listen to the Pope
38
What was a short term side effect of Louis XIV's reign?
An Economic depression
The laws of Gravity
The Baroque period
French expansion
39
What was a major issue at the Estates General?
The groups could never come to any agreements, and were thus at odds
The king disbanded it prior to it accomplishing anything
They tried to disband the monarchy, which led to conflict
The First two estates would outvote the third estate on all issues
40
What war secured the throne of Spain for Louis's Grandson?
The War of Devolution
The Franco-Spanish Wars
The Thirty Years War
The War of Spanish Succession
41
What does the French Revolution show?
That Robespierre was truly a corrupt individual
That monarchy ultimately leads to violent revolution
That even lofty peaceful ideals can be turned to violent actions
That Absolute Monarchy was the right way of doing things all along
42
What group also attempted to use the ideals of the Enlightenment?
Native Americans
Enlightened (absolute) Monarchs
Musicians
The Church
43
What factor did not lead to the growth of Royal Power in the Early Modern Period?
Overseas Empires
The Decline of the power of the Aristocracy
National Armies
The Growth of Church Power
44
The Royalists won the English Civil War.
True
False
45
Who protected Louis XIV during the years of his minority?
Cardinal Richelieu
Jules Cardinal Mazarin
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger
46
What was a weapon frequently used during the French Revolution?
Pikes
Patriotism
Fear
Guns
47
What issue was a major source of animosity between Charles I and Parliament?
His harsh treatment of the religious
His constant Warfare
His expensive, over lavish lifestyle
Taxation
48
Louis XVI was executed during the Reign of Terror
True
False
49
What was a primary effect of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes?
French Disunity
It caused the Thirty Years War
The French Revolution
Economic damage as a result of the Huguenots craftsmen leaving
50
What were some topics that many Enlightenment thinkers were focused on?
Human nature, government
God, Nationalism
The Universe, Physics
Morality, Feudalism
