claim: noun or verb?

The text presents an invalid argument.

A noun is:

The author's assertion is false. The word assertion means:

Writers quote the text to support their claims.

The teacher doesn't like to get into arguments with students.

My girlfriend's claim: The possessive apostrophe ('s) indicates what type of word will follow :

The article claims that the economy will crash in October of 2017.

“What we call the beginning is often the end.”

The products claim that they will make you beautiful.

The author’s use of imagery develops the central idea of loss. "Use" is:

It is beginning to rain.

He left a comment on my social media page.

An adjective:

John Lott contends that more guns produce less crimes.

The student’s use of textual evidence supports his claim.

The author uses imagery to develop the central idea of loss.

The essay’s quotes don’t support the author’s claim.

The texts state that heavy metals harm the body

My girlfriend's claim that I don't listen to her isn't true. .

The prosecutors allege that the defendendent committed fraud.

The text presents an invalid argument. The word "invalid" is a(n):

The article presents two central claims.

The story ends on page 222.

A verb:

The company's claim that their products will make you beautiful is false.

The student argues with the teacher.

The author's assertion is false.

The text presents an invalid argument. Which of these words indicate a noun will follow?

The article comments on the use of social media to find dates

My girlfriend claims that I don't listen to her.

The author claims genetically modified foods are harmful to human health.

The anecdote at the beginning of the essay introduces the main idea.

It's diffucult to understand the author's claim.

The essay begins with a quote from a famous writer.

My girlfriend's claim that I don't listen to her isn't true. The apostrophe ('s) is used to show:

My grandmother gives me good suggestions.

The student uses textual evidence to support his claim.