APWH Exam Review

Czar who began Westernization in Russia & built St. Petersburg

First written legal code the distinguished between different social classes.

Governmental system where positions are inherited based on being a member of the nobility.

Chinese Communist leader who created the Four Modernizations economic policy

The unification of ______ & Italy in the 1870s disrupted the balance of power in Europe.

France's 3rd Estate was made up of peasants, the urban poor, and the _________

Used during Industrial Rev - allowed farmers to use all of their land w/o killing the soil

Political and religious leader in early Islam

Professional slave soldiers who became a major political power in the Ottoman Empire

Means "lightening war" and was a tactic used by Hitler in WWII.

Social group that lead the Latin American Revolutions

Mesoamerican empire taken over by the Spanish in 1521.

This syncretic culture was created when Alexander the Great created his classical empire.

This 1962 event was the closest the world has ever come to nuclear war.

17th & 18th cen event that introduced new political ideas like natural rights & social contract

Ghana, ____, and Songhai all gained their wealth from the gold-salt trade.

Established in 1885 to increase rights of Indians under colonial rule - peaceful move to indep.

This invasion opened a second front in France during WWII - beginning of the end for the Axis

Alexander II freed the Russian _____ in 1861 to help the country start industrializing.

Economic theory (1450-1750) where a country wants to keep a favorable balance of trade

The state structure of Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley, Classical Greece, and the Maya.

Series of wars between Christians & Muslims in the Holy Land from the 11th-14th centuries

Andean civilization that controlled over 2000 miles of South American coastline in the 1400s

The 1905 Russian Revolution lead to the creation of a _____, a parliament to rule with the czar

European countries set up rules for how to divide Africa at this 1884 conference.

Mughal emperor who unified much of India under religious tolerance

The Roman Empire broke into two groups at its collapse: Western Europe & the __________.

Enlightenment thinker who believed government was responsible to protect ppl's natural rights

Pastoral people who conquered most of Asia and created the largest land empire in history

Wrote The Wealth of Nations and advocated a free market system.

Social, economic, and political system in Europe during the Middle Ages

Early form of writing developed by the Sumerians

Jewish nationalists who supported the reestablishment of a homeland in Israel

Religious tax placed on non-Muslims living in Muslim empires/states (Umayyad, Abbasid, etc.)

Epidemic disease spread along the Silk Roads to Europe and almost 1/3 of people in Europe

This last Islamic dynasty established the Golden Age before the Mongols conquered it.

Exchange of food, animals, people, and diseases between Europe, Africa, and the Americas

Formed after WWI - was meant to keep international peace, but was not successful

Russian socialist party that took control in the October 1917 Revolution

Social & political philosophy in China that focuses on education & filial piety

The ______, compass, caravel, and better maps allowed Europeans to begin exploring in the 1400s

The Chinese Civil War resulted in the ________ Party taking over China.

Humans began to farm and settle down during what event in world history?

Leader of Germany and the Nazi Party during World War II. 

Joint-stock companies are representative of what new economic idea in 1450-1750.

Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism are all ___________ religions.

Period of peace and prosperity during Roman Empire

Part of the Catholic Counter-Reformation; it clarified the Church's view on their doctrine

18th-19th cen. period marked by move from hand-made goods to machine-made goods

The printing press helped the spread of the message of the ________ around Europe.

Militarism, Imperialism, Nationalism, and ________ are the long-term causes of WWI.

Process where the Soviet government took over private farms & made them state-owned communes.

Enlightenment thinker who argued for separation of powers in the branches of government

Imaginary line dividing Europe into the democratic West & the communist East in the 20th cen.

This South African system of "separating the races" was abolished in 1991.