Grade 9 Apex World History Unit 6

Tournaments were mock battles - knights would compete to show off their fighting skills.

In medieval Europe, peasants bound to the lord's land.

A treaty in which the Holy Roman Empire agreed that the church had the sole power to elect bishops.

The Middle Ages in Europe, or period of history in between ancient and modern times was the Dark Ages.

A young person learning a trade from a master.

In medieval Europe, lords who were granted land in exchange for service and loyalty to a greater lord.

Excluded from the Roman Catholic Church as a penalty for refusing to obey church laws.

A lord's estate, which included one or more villages and the surrounding lands.

United Spain and sent Columbus to America

Nobles in Europe who served as mounted warriors for a lord in the Middle Ages is a knight.

The geographic scattering of people is a dispora.

Associations of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests were called unions.

Byzantine emperor ruled (527 – 565). Had the famous Hagia Sophia built & had code of laws produced that still influences

The creation of bishops by anyone who is not a member of the clergy (the church).

A siege is a holy war.

Also known as "Charles the Great." The first Holy Roman Emperor; unified Western Europe & revived learning

Communities of men who have taken religious vows.

Pope Urban II urged European Christians to fight for religion in Middle East. Key player in 1st Crusade

Payments to a church equal to one-tenth of a person's income is a tithe.

Muslim house of worship is a mosque.

Famous Muslim leader-defeated Christians &took back Holy Land. Allowed for Christian pilgrimages to holy city Jerusalem

Permanent division within a church is a schism.

Kings or queens.

A salaried worker who was employed by a guild master.

A group of soldiers serving in a foreign army for pay.

First European king to unite the Franks and accept Christianity.

A loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and oth

Harsh Russian ruler who used violence to crush any opposition. United noble families & further tied serfs to land