Your best friend from high school expresses concern that there is something wrong w his 12 mo old. At this age, they can

Change from sitting to creeping

With severe hemophilia, there will be which of the following?

Excessive bleeding with minimal injury. Usually bleeding in jts. & head

Which of the following strategies is not representative of family-centered care?

Set child's goals according to developmental milestones

Which of the following would a child with classic EDS need to take caution with?

Physical activity. Easy bruising & slow healing

A PT treats an infant dx w torticollis w marked lateral flex of neck to the right. The most appropriate stretch would be

Lateral flexion to the left & rotation to the right

Which of the following tx is appropriate for a child with duchenne muscular dystrophy? (multiple answers)

Patient education on energy conservation, fam support, no aggressive stren, Meds: steroids. Stretching, prevention of jt. deformities, orthotics

Which of the following treatments are appropriate for torticollis?

Neck & trunk AROM, neck PROM, environmental adaptations, parent education

Select the most accurate statement ab exercise & children

Children with CP typically have poor aerobic & muscular endurance

Which of the following treatments are appropriate for idiopathic toe walking? (multiple answers)

ROM exercises, balance training, serial casting, orthotics, strengthening, Assess for pain, loss of ROM, tone, strength, leg length discrepancy

We assess for flat feet by which of the following

Having the child stand up or extend the big toe

Which of the following treatments are appropriate for spinal muscular atrophy?

Maintaining ROM, equipment, strengthening, maintian ambulation in II & III

During weeks 17-27 which of the following pulmonary system development occurs? (multiple answers)

Appearance of type-I pneumocytes, formation of air-blood interface, Lung periphery formation, increased vascularization

Leg length discrepancies can causes which of the following?

Limp. pelvic obliquity, or back pain

During weeks 7-17 which of the following pulmonary system development occurs? (multiple answers)

Appearance of type-II pneumocytes, & immature neural network, Formation of conducting airways, terminal brochioles

During weeks 27-36 which of the following pulmonary system development occurs? (multiple answers)

Alveolar saccules formation, surfactant detectable in amino fluid, ECM formation

Which of the following are connective tissue pathologies? (multiple answers)

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, hemophilia, pediatric lupus eryhematosus, Ehlers-danlos syndrome, juvenile dermatomyositis, juvenile scleroderma

When does cardiac looping begin?

3.5 weeks of gestation (25 days)

Which of the following statements does not reflect a family-centered approach to a pediatric PT examination?

Develop a strict format for the examination to ensure standardization

The thigh-to-foot angle test gives you an indication of the amount of

Twisting on the tibia (torsion)

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Peds exam 1 pt. 3

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1
Your best friend from high school expresses concern that there is something wrong w his 12 mo old. At this age, they can
Run
Change from sitting to creeping
Kick a ball
Stand on one foot
2
Inflammation in 5 or more jts. w/in first 6 mos of the disease. Mimics RA in adults. Test (+) for factor-positive
Polyarthritis
Oligoarthritis
Systemic arthritis
3
Which of the following conditions can present as toe-walking
All of the above
Idiopathic toe walking
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Cerebral palsy
4
Transformation of straight embryonic heart tube into a wound loop. "1st process of cardiac morphogenesis"
Cardiac looping
Fetal circulation
Ventilation
5
With severe hemophilia, there will be which of the following?
Excessive bleeding w/ surgery & pulled teeth
Excessive bleeding with minimal injury. Usually bleeding in jts. & head
6
Severity of hemophilia based on amt of clotting factors in blood. Severe hemophilia = levels __.
20%>
5% <
100%
<1%
7
Which of the following strategies is not representative of family-centered care?
Encourage parent participation during therapy sessions
Set child's goals according to developmental milestones
Provide community connections for the family
Listen & learn from the family
8
Any arthritis before age 16. Jt. inflammation, ROM limitations, jt. space narrows, pain, jt. adhesions & bone spurs
Juvenile dermatomyositis
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
Ehler-Danlos syndrome
9
Group of disorders affecting the connective tissue. 13 types. Primary symptoms: pain, fatigue, hypermobile, fragile skin
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
Ehler-Danlos syndrome
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
Juvenile dermatomyositis
10
Most have reciprocal arm swing by __, a majority have it by __.
2; 4
4; 3
5; 3
4; 2
11
Genetic disorder that causes degeneration of anterior horn cell. mm. atrophy & absent DTRs
Spinal muscular atrophy
Torticollis
Idiopathic toe walking
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
12
Affect 4 or fewer jts. Most common type of JIA & has best prognosis. Knee is the most commonly affected jt.
Polyarthritis
Systemic arthritis
Oligoarthritis
13
Genetic & inflammatory dx of skin, mm., & blood vessels. Dusky/violet rash on face, nails, knees & elbows. Unknown etio.
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
Juvenile dermatomyositis
Ehler-Danlos syndrome
14
When does development of the cardiovascular system begin?
Day 5 of gestation
Day 1 of conception
Day 2 of conception
Day 10 of conception
15
Which developmental theory enlightened us regarding importance of early learning?
Behavioral view
Cognitive veiw
Ecological view
Neuromaturational view
16
Which of the following would a child with classic EDS need to take caution with?
Sitting, standing, & independent ADLs
Climbing stairs, getting into & out of cars, getting up off the floor
Physical activity. Easy bruising & slow healing
17
Scoliosis from birth, hypotonia. Caution w/ contact sports. Sitting or standing may be uncomfortable
Kyphoscoliosis EDS
Vasuclar EDS
Hypermobility EDS
Classic EDS
18
A PT treats an infant dx w torticollis w marked lateral flex of neck to the right. The most appropriate stretch would be
Lateral flexion to the left & rotation to the left
Lateral flexion to the right & rotation to the left
Lateral flexion to the left & rotation to the right
Lateral flexion to the right & rotation to the right
19
Hardening of the skin & connective tissue. Autoimmune disease
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
Juvenile scleroderma
Hemophilia
20
Hold patella laterally while flexing the knee
Ryder's test
Patellar apprehension test
Thomas test
Ober's test
21
Which of the following tx is appropriate for a child with duchenne muscular dystrophy? (multiple answers)
Patient education on energy conservation, fam support, no aggressive stren
Meds: steroids. Stretching, prevention of jt. deformities, orthotics
Aggressive strengthening & stretching
Medication
22
Measure in supine w/ knees bent, check ASIS level & ensure it's even, look at knee height. Can give (+) hip dislocation
Adams forward bend test
Galeazzi sign
Leg length measurement
Thomas test
23
Which of the following treatments are appropriate for torticollis?
Maintaining ROM, equipment, strengthening, maintian ambulation in II & III
Aggressive strengthening & stretching
ROM exercises, balance training, serial casting, orthotics
Neck & trunk AROM, neck PROM, environmental adaptations, parent education
24
x-linked disease, jt. destruction, ROM limitations.
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
Juvenile scleroderma
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
Hemophilia
25
Don't have typcial motor development & most pass away in childhood
SMA Type II
SMA Type III
SMA Type I
26
Select the most accurate statement ab exercise & children
Children w DMD should participate in intense regular exercise
Children with JIA should only perform NWB exercises to avoid inc jt. pain
Children w ESD should not participate in sports due to risk of jt. damage
Children with CP typically have poor aerobic & muscular endurance
27
So unpredictable & can affect any part of the body as well as multiple parts at once.
Juvenile dermatomyositis
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
Ehler-Danlos syndrome
28
Can start as early as 5. Differs from others bc it is an autoinflammatory disease, not autoimmune
Polyarthritis
Systemic arthritis
Oligoarthritis
29
Which of the following treatments are appropriate for idiopathic toe walking? (multiple answers)
Aggressive strengthening & stretching
Maintaining ROM, equipment, strengthening, maintian ambulation in II & III
ROM exercises, balance training, serial casting, orthotics, strengthening
Assess for pain, loss of ROM, tone, strength, leg length discrepancy
30
Progressive weakness of proximal mm. Walk @ beginning, progressively gets worse. Does not affect life expectancy
SMA Type I
SMA Type II
SMA Type III
31
We assess for flat feet by which of the following
Position foot into inversion & test DF
Having the child stand up or extend the big toe
Measure the arch of the child's foot
MMT all planes of foot mvmt
32
By what age is the pulmonary system the same as an adult?
15
10
7
12
33
Which of the following treatments are appropriate for spinal muscular atrophy?
Orthotics & wheelchair
Maintaining ROM, equipment, strengthening, maintian ambulation in II & III
Aggressive strengthening & stretching
Prevention of jt. deformities, medications,
34
Primary concern for PT is inflammation. May be limited in participation bc of pain, fatigue, general discomfort
Ehler-Danlos syndrome
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
Juvenile dermatomyositis
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
35
During weeks 17-27 which of the following pulmonary system development occurs? (multiple answers)
Appearance of type-I pneumocytes, formation of air-blood interface
Alveolar saccules formation, surfactant detectable in amino fluid
ECM formation
Lung periphery formation, increased vascularization
36
Baby prefers that position - when try to move, no limitations
SCM mass torticollis
Postural torticollis
Muscular torticollis
37
Which of the following might a kid with pediatric lupus erythematosus have problems with?
Lungs & heart
Colon & kidneys
Heart & kidneys
Kidneys & CNS
38
__% of blood flow follows the adult path in a fetus mainly bc blood doesn't really need to go to the lungs
30
15
12
50
39
For reciprocal arm swing, what do most kids have until they develop it?
Low guard, arms above head
High guard, arms down by their sides
High guard, arms above head
Low guard, arms down by their sides
40
Leg length discrepancies can causes which of the following?
Back pain, pelvic pain, & increased stride length
Hyperkyphosis, back pain, & pelvic pain
Limp. pelvic obliquity, or back pain
Hip dislocation & excessive lordosis
41
Contracture of the SCM, head tilt & rotation. 3 types. Often assoc w/ DDH
Idiopathic toe walking
Torticollis
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Spinal muscular atrophy
42
During weeks 7-17 which of the following pulmonary system development occurs? (multiple answers)
Lung bud formation, trachea & bronchi differentiation
Lung periphery formation, increased vascularization
Appearance of type-II pneumocytes, & immature neural network
Formation of conducting airways, terminal brochioles
43
During weeks 27-36 which of the following pulmonary system development occurs? (multiple answers)
Appearance of type-I pneumocytes, formation of air-blood interface
Lung periphery formation, increased vascularization
Alveolar saccules formation, surfactant detectable in amino fluid
ECM formation
44
Diagnosis of exclusion. If there is nothing else going on besides this, it is dx.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Idiopathic toe walking
Torticollis
Spinal muscular atrophy
45
When does the heart begin to beat?
20 days of gestation
5 days of gestation
10 days of gestation
17 days of gestation
46
Which of the following are connective tissue pathologies? (multiple answers)
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, hemophilia, pediatric lupus eryhematosus
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Idiopathic toe walking, spinal muscular atrophy, congenital torticollis
Ehlers-danlos syndrome, juvenile dermatomyositis, juvenile scleroderma
47
Progressive x-linked recessive trait that occurs in 5 stages. Child has no cognitive impairments.
Spinal muscular atrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Idiopathic toe walking
Torticollis
48
All of the following primitive reflexes should be integrated by the age of 7 mo except
Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex
Palmar grasp
Rooting
Plantar grasp
49
When does cardiac looping begin?
2 weeks of gestation (17 days)
1 week of gestation (5 days)
3.5 weeks of gestation (25 days)
1 week of gestation (10 days)
50
Which of the following statements does not reflect a family-centered approach to a pediatric PT examination?
Develop a strict format for the examination to ensure standardization
Emphasize the child's abilities
Respect the family's knowledge regarding their child
Be sensitive to the child's temperament & interests
51
The thigh-to-foot angle test gives you an indication of the amount of
Metatarsus adductus
Hamstring tightness
Genu valgum
Twisting on the tibia (torsion)
52
Participation in which of the following sports would be a good choice for a child with exercise induced bronchospasm?
Figure skating
Downhill skiing
Running
Swimming
53
The sequence of rolling over is
Prone to supine since the back to sleep campaign
Culturally dependent
Dependent on the child's weight
Supine to prone for all children
54
Genetic disorder, developmental delay, hypermobile jts., hyperextensibility of the skin, slow wound healing, hypotonia
Vasuclar EDS
Hypermobility EDS
Classic EDS
Kyphoscoliosis EDS
55
Progresses a lot slower, may learn to walk, may not need power wheelchair.
SMA Type II
SMA Type III
SMA Type I
56
Fibrous parts of mm.
SCM mass torticollis
Muscular torticollis
Postural torticollis
57
Frequent dislocations
Kyphoscoliosis EDS
Vasuclar EDS
Hypermobility EDS
Classic EDS
58
With normal progression of duchenne muscular dystrophy, which of the following would be the first to occur?
Inability to perform ADLs
Proximal mm weakness
Distal mm weakness
Impaired respiratory function
59
Select the factor that contributes to neonatal hip instability
Synovial viscosity
Spherical femoral head
High neck shaft angle of inlcination
30 degrees of retroversion
60
Which of the following concepts is integral to a family system's theory, transactional & ecological model of devel?
Task-oriented approach to motor control
Culture of diability
Relationship b/w neuromaturation & function
Relationship b/w a person & their social environment
61
With hemophilia, there will be which of the following?
Excessive bleeding w/ surgery & pulled teeth
Excessive bleeding with minimal injury. Usually bleeding in jts. & head
62
Prone hip extension test
Thomas test
Galeazzi sign
Stahlei test
Adams forward bend test
63
Present at birth, respiratory problems, won't sit independently, weakness
SMA Type I
SMA Type III
SMA Type II
64
Which of the following would a child with juvenile dermatomyositis have trouble with?
Sitting, standing, & independent ADLs
Physical activity, contact sports, sitting or standing, kidneys, & CNS
Climbing stairs, getting into & out of cars, getting up off the floor
65
During weeks 3-7 which of the following pulmonary system development occurs?
Lung periphery formation, increased vascularization
Appearance of type-II pneumocytes, & immature neural network
Formation of conducting airways, terminal brochioles
Lung bud formation, trachea & bronchi differentiation
66
SCM tightness & loss of ROM
Postural torticollis
SCM mass torticollis
Muscular torticollis
67
A 16 yo pt walks with a toe-in gait. Which of the following would most likely contribute to this gait deviation?
20° Q angle
7° of femoral anteversion
15° Q angle
24° of femoral anteversion
68
When performing the Ober test, you should
Test both sides at the same time
Allow the non-testing foot to rest on the floor
Place the child in sidelying
You pull the hip into flexion & then fall into adduction
69
No mm. pain, but mm. weakness primarily in larger mm. surrounding neck, shoulders, & hips.
Pediatric lupus erythematosus
Ehler-Danlos syndrome
Juvenile dermatomyositis
Juvenile idopathic arthritis
70
Used to asses ITB & TFL tightness
Ober's test
Galeazzi sign
Stahlei test
Thomas test
71
Distinct facial features: "pinched", varicose veins, arterial fragility. Need to avoid contact sports
Hypermobility EDS
Kyphoscoliosis EDS
Vasuclar EDS
Classic EDS
72
Severity of hemophilia based on amt of clotting factors in blood. Hemophilia = levels __.
100%
5% <
20%>
<1%
73
Precautions for administering postural drainage & percussion in the trendelenburg position (head down) include
Increased respirations
Low SaO2 levels
Coughing
All of the above
74
Weaker proximally - hip flexors/extensors. Have pseudohypertrophy - mm. growth w/o strength. Gower's sign
Torticollis
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Idiopathic toe walking
Spinal muscular atrophy
75
During 36 weeks to 7-10 years which of the following pulmonary system development occurs? (multiple answers)
Alveolar saccules formation, surfactant detectable in amino fluid
Proliferation & expansion of capillaries, nerve & gas exchange areas
Appearance of type-I pneumocytes, formation of air-blood interface
Mature alveoli formation
76
Screening test: Arms hanging, assess for excessive lordosis or kyphosis. Looking for scoliosis
Thomas test
Galeazzi sign
Adams forward bend test
Leg length measurement
77
15% of cases, normally is preceded by a fever & a rash, jt. involvement is symmetrical, normally involves many jts.
Polyarthritis
Oligoarthritis
Systemic arthritis
78
Measured in prone w/ knees bent. Assess IR & ER for enteversion/retroversion
Thomas test
Stahlei test
Ober's test
Ryder's test
79
Which of the following are musclular pathologies? (multiple answers)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Ehlers-danlos syndrome, juvenile dermatomyositis, juvenile scleroderma
Idiopathic toe walking, spinal muscular atrophy, congenital torticollis
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, hemophilia, pediatric lupus eryhematosus
80
Arthrohryposis
Is progressive
Typically has associated cognitive impairments
Characterized by an asymmetrical pattern of contractures & jt involvement
May be related to lack of fetal mvmt

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