How did the Daoist outlook differ from that of Confucianism?

Confucianists focused life through humanity & relationships, Daoists sought learning through nature & seclusion

Why were centralized empires so much less prominent in India than in China?

Indian empires had far more cultural diversity than China

Why has Confucianism been defined as a "humanistic philosophy" and not a supernatural religion?

Concerned w/ human relationships, government, social harmony

What changes did Alexander's conquests bring in their wake?

Dissemination of Greek culture in Egypt, Mesopotamia, India

What is the difference between the Theravada and Mahayana expressions of Buddhism?

T:Buddha not divine,gods had little role M:Buddha almost God

I am going to be on my best behavior while Netzley is gone because....

She is watching us on Hapara, I fear she has dark, dark powers, She is still writing the Final Exam

Why was the Chinese empire able to take shape so quickly, while the Romans took centuries?

Chinese imperial system already existed from prior dynasties

What aspects of Zoroastrianism and Judaism are also found in Christianity & Islam?

Conflict between good and evil; personal God

How did the evolution of culture in India & China differ in the second wave civilizations?

India=Spiritually dominated; China=Philosophically dominated

How might you assess the role of empires in the history of the second wave era?

Fueled cultural interaction and technology development

What are the distinctive features of the Greek intellectual tradition?

Emphasis on argument and logic, question of wisdom

What were the consequences for both sides of the encounter between the Persians and the Greeks?

Strengthened Greek pride; led to Peloponnesian War, Little impact on Persian Empire; extended Greek democracy

How did the religions of the classical era define the purposes of human life?

Focused life on compassion & personal morality

In what ways was Christianity transformed in the 5 centuries following the death of Jesus?

Grew abundantly, leading to Roman Catholic church

How did Persian and Greek civilizations differ in their political organization and values?

Cult of kingship (Persian) vs many city-states (Greek)

Compare the teachings of Jesus and Buddha.

Both wisdom/morality teachers; only Jesus claimed to be God

How prepared for the Final are you...

Haven't thought about it! Procrastination is my religion!, Crash Course. Crash Course alllllll weekend!, Ive read ALL the Chapters! I even remember some stuff!!, hahahahahahahahahahahahahahahaha

In what ways did Buddhism reflect Hindu traditions?

Ordinary life is an illusion, karma, rebirth, & meditation

Why were the Roman and Chinese empires able to enjoy long periods of stability and prosperity?

Powerful armies, effective govs, & public works for citizens

How did Rome grow from a single city to the center of a huge empire?

Respected value & political system; powerful army

How did semi-democratic governments emerge in some of the Greek city-states?

Challenges to the aristocracy & more citizens in assemblies

How did Hinduism emphasize support for the caste system?

Devotion to caste duties may provide a path to salvation

What internal and external factors contributed to the collapse of the Roman & Chinese empires?

Became too expensive, citizen uprisings, & nomadic threats

What different answer(s) to the problem of disorder arose in classical era China?

Legalism, Confucianism, & Daoism

In what ways did Buddhism challenge Hindu traditions?

Rejection of Brahmins & castes; lack of interest in gods

In what ways did the religious traditions of South Asia change over the centuries?

Evolution away from sacrifices/ritual to devotional worship

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Staryer AP World: Unit 2 Classical Era Civilizations

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Ch. 3-4 of Strayer

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Questions 26

Answers

1
How did the Daoist outlook differ from that of Confucianism?
Only Confucianism focused on the afterlife
Daoists sought harsh punishments for lawbreakers
Confucianists focused life through humanity & relationships
Daoists sought learning through nature & seclusion
2
Why were centralized empires so much less prominent in India than in China?
Indian empires had far more cultural diversity than China
India experienced less enemy invasions, reducing experience
Indian leaders refused to accept Buddhism
China's Great Wall was able to keep out monstrous beasts
3
Why has Confucianism been defined as a "humanistic philosophy" and not a supernatural religion?
Concerned w/ human relationships, government, social harmony
Unlike Jesus, Buddha, & Muhammad, Confucius never existed
It never became as popular as other religions
It had a long-lasting impact on Chinese politics and society
4
What changes did Alexander's conquests bring in their wake?
A spreading of Roman culture worldwide
Dissemination of Greek culture in Egypt, Mesopotamia, India
The Persian Empire grew stronger
A reduction in cities named Alexandria
5
What is the difference between the Theravada and Mahayana expressions of Buddhism?
T:Buddha not divine,gods had little role M:Buddha almost God
M:Reincarnation after death T:Annihilation after death
Mahayana developed after Theravada
M:Buddha not divine,gods had little role T:Buddha almost God
6
I am going to be on my best behavior while Netzley is gone because....
She is watching us on Hapara
I fear she has dark, dark powers
I am a young adult and can be trusted to behave responsibly.
She is still writing the Final Exam
7
Why was the Chinese empire able to take shape so quickly, while the Romans took centuries?
Chinese imperial system already existed from prior dynasties
The Chinese used slaves more effectively
The Chinese military was more subordinate to authority
The Chinese made sure to treat peasants fairly
8
What aspects of Zoroastrianism and Judaism are also found in Christianity & Islam?
All focused more on the present life than the afterlife
Conflict between good and evil; personal God
The belief in a pantheon of gods
All dominated Persian culture at one point
9
How did the evolution of culture in India & China differ in the second wave civilizations?
India restricted rights of peasants while China did not
India=Spiritually dominated; China=Philosophically dominated
China participated in trade while India did not
India was able to create a larger land empire
10
How might you assess the role of empires in the history of the second wave era?
Patriarchy was reduced, but social hierarchies increased
Crushed religious movements, refusing to use them in gov.
Fueled cultural interaction and technology development
By creating the Death Star, they encouraged submission
11
What are the distinctive features of the Greek intellectual tradition?
Rational belief that all societies are culturally equal
Emphasis on argument and logic, question of wisdom
The fostering of a representative form of democracy
Seeking out wisdom from their many gods
12
What were the consequences for both sides of the encounter between the Persians and the Greeks?
Strengthened Greek pride; led to Peloponnesian War
Led to a Persian victory over Macedonia; Greece fell to Rome
Little impact on Persian Empire; extended Greek democracy
The Persian Hellenistic Era
13
How did the religions of the classical era define the purposes of human life?
Religion was never a part of social or political life
Taught that life was a series of competitions to beat others
Encouraged followers to ignore the material world
Focused life on compassion & personal morality
14
In what ways was Christianity transformed in the 5 centuries following the death of Jesus?
It became a faith only for the lower stratum of society
Grew abundantly, leading to Roman Catholic church
Grew slowly because of Roman persecution
It evolved into Judaism
15
How did Persian and Greek civilizations differ in their political organization and values?
Multicultural (Greek) vs Cultural homogenization (Persia)
Direct Democracy (Greek) vs Republican Democracy (Persian)
Cult of kingship (Persian) vs many city-states (Greek)
Both used spies to locate traitors
16
Compare the teachings of Jesus and Buddha.
Both wisdom/morality teachers; only Jesus claimed to be God
Both encouraged love for others and claimed to be gods
Neither was believed to be God by his followers
Neither came from wealthy backgrounds & favored aristocrats
17
How prepared for the Final are you...
Haven't thought about it! Procrastination is my religion!
Crash Course. Crash Course alllllll weekend!
Ive read ALL the Chapters! I even remember some stuff!!
hahahahahahahahahahahahahahahaha
18
In what ways did Buddhism reflect Hindu traditions?
Ordinary life is an illusion, karma, rebirth, & meditation
Buddhism often rejected Hindu caste systems
Buddhism holds faith in as many gods as Hinduism
Death is the end of all existence, per both faiths
19
Why were the Roman and Chinese empires able to enjoy long periods of stability and prosperity?
They kept all classes in society at peace
Both extensively used slavery and avoided burdening peasants
Powerful armies, effective govs, & public works for citizens
They kept peaceful relations with all neighbors
20
How did Rome grow from a single city to the center of a huge empire?
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus led them to glory
The Roman Senate and Assemblies governed society
Alexander the Great never lost a military battle
Respected value & political system; powerful army
21
How did semi-democratic governments emerge in some of the Greek city-states?
Sparta allowed greater freedoms to women
The Peloponnesian War brought an end to the Greek alliance
Challenges to the aristocracy & more citizens in assemblies
Augustus Caesar established the Senate and Assemblies
22
How did Hinduism emphasize support for the caste system?
LOTR is better than Harry Potter. Case-closed!
Devotion to caste duties may provide a path to salvation
It didn't. Hindu faith argued against inequality
It advocated for different districts & annual death matches
23
What internal and external factors contributed to the collapse of the Roman & Chinese empires?
Empires became too large to govern and foreign disease came
They disobeyed their parents
Became too expensive, citizen uprisings, & nomadic threats
Slave rebellions and inability to use religious ideologies
24
What different answer(s) to the problem of disorder arose in classical era China?
The adoption of Buddhism and abolition of slavery
Legalism, Confucianism, & Daoism
An extension of Chinese imperial rule to Tibet
A tribute system with strong northern nomads
25
In what ways did Buddhism challenge Hindu traditions?
Buddhism rejected the idea of spreading to China
It didn't. They are the same religion
Buddhism arrived after Hinduism in Indian culture
Rejection of Brahmins & castes; lack of interest in gods
26
In what ways did the religious traditions of South Asia change over the centuries?
Buddhism and Hinduism were embraced, but Islam was not
Hinduism and Buddhism faded away and Islam now dominates
Evolution away from sacrifices/ritual to devotional worship
There has been no change

Staryer AP World: Unit 2 Classical Era Civilizations Flashcards | StudBud