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ES Exam Review (1st semester) Flashcards | StudBud
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ES Exam Review (1st semester)
ES Exam Review (1st semester)
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
oxygen
carbon dioxide
sulfur dioxide
nitrogen
2
Tapeworms live inside their hosts and may harm them by drawing nourishment from them. This an example of ____.
commensalism
carrying capacity
mutualism
parisitism
3
A population crash is likely to occur when ____.
a population greatly overshoots carrying capacity
environmental resistance comes into play gradually
a population approaches its carrying capacity
the population growth rate slows
4
The majority of the world’s forests are located _____.
in mountains
at the Equator
in the temperate zones
near deserts
5
The role a species plays in its ecosystem is its ____.
habitat
niche
biome
biodiversity
6
A rain shadow is most likely produced by a _____.
mountain
ocean
sand dune
forest
7
The greatest benefit of species diversity is that ____.
it can help species adapt more successfully
it tends to lead to more stable ecosystems
it reduces competition among species for resources
it creates more ecological niches for species to occupy
8
Carrying capacity is a measure of ____.
the percentage of a population surviving at different ages
the reproductive rate of a population
the proportion of males to females
the relationship between birth rate and mortality
the maximum population size that a particular habitat can sustain
9
Some species have evolved warning coloration, which provides an evolutionary advantage because it ____.
helps them blend in with their surroundings
signals that they are about to attack
advertises that they are bad-tasting, bad-smelling, or stinging
makes them look large and intimidating
10
Permafrost is characteristic of the _____ biome in latitudes close to polar latitudes.
temperate grassland
Arctic tundra
cold desert
temperate forest
11
The term for a relationship in which one organism benefits by living on or in another species, which is harmed is _____.
competition
commensalism
mutualism
parisitism
12
A relationship in which both species benefit is termed ____.
parisitism
competition
commensalism
mutualism
13
Species that provide early warnings of environmental change in a community or an ecosystem are called ____.
keystone species
invasive species
native species
indicator species
14
Oil is a(n) ____.
ecosystem service because oil is a valuable commodity sold in marketplaces
renewable resource because it can be renewed through geologic processes
nonrenewable resource because it cannot be formed on human time scales
inexhaustible resource because it is a form of stored solar energy
15
Which of the following is a measure of climate?
the total amount of rainfall in Phoenix, Arizona, over the past month
the total amount of rainfall in Phoenix, Arizona, over the past 3 decades
the average amount of rainfall in Phoenix, Arizona, over the past 3 decades
the average amount of rainfall in Phoenix, Arizona, over the past month
16
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural capital degradation?
soil erosion
climate change
water pollution
exponential population growth
17
Earth’s life-support system consists of four main spherical systems—the air, water, living things, and the ____.
biosphere
biosphere
geosphere
hydrosphere
18
The departure of individuals from a population is called ____.
succesion
resistance
emigration
immigration
19
Which statement is true with regard to keystone species?
Top predators can be keystone species but other animals cannot.
Animals can be keystone species but plants cannot.
Species must be present in large numbers in order to be a keystone species.
Keystone species can control the distribution of other species in ecosystem
20
The rain shadow effect refers to _____.
more sunlight on leeward (facing away from wind) side of mountain ranges
more sunlight on the windward side of mountain ranges
drier conditions on leeward (facing away from wind) side of mountain ranges
drier conditions on the windward side of mountain ranges
21
A group of individuals of the same species living in a particular place is a(n) ____.
population
organism
ecosystem
community
22
The tragedy of the commons refers to the ____.
increasing scarcity of nonrenewable resources
government overregulation of freshwater use
overuse of privately held resources
degradation of shared common resources
23
Which type of interspecific interaction could best be described as a “win-win”?
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
predation
24
____ is the number and variety of species present in any biological community.
Genetic diversity
Functional diversity
Biome diversity
Species diversity
25
Which resource would best be categorized as inexhaustible?
solar energy
coal reserves
forests
oil reserves
fisheries
26
Some prey use ____ to scare off predators by puffing up, spreading their wings, or mimicking a predator.
parisitism
chemical warfare
behavioral strategies
camouflage
27
Which of the following would undergo secondary ecological succession?
a newly created shallow pond
an abandoned grassy lot
cooled volcanic lava
an abandoned parking lot
