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AP Psychology Exam Review Full 2 May 15 Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Exam Review Full 2 May 15
AP Psychology Exam Review Full 2 May 15
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1
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Spatial
Musical
Linguistic
Practical
2
Some researchers consider developmental psychology an applied research topic because...
Pure research is difficult to gain support for.
It is more easily applied to people's lives than research.
Original research in this area is difficult.
Researchers apply findings from other areas of psychology.
3
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Reading ability
Intelligence
Motor development
Self-esteem
4
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
5
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Formal operations
Abstract reasoning
Syllogistic
Operational
6
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
7
Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer?
Money
Applause
High grades
Chocolate cake
8
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Convergence
Linear perspective
Texture gradient
Interposition
9
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
Our adaptability to different problems.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
10
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Structuralism
Naturalistic observation
Introspection
Inferential
11
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Behaviorist
Cognitive
12
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Affection
Identity
Autonomy
Career
13
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
CS
UR
CR
US
14
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Self-actualization
Homeostasis
Primary satisfaction
Equilibrium
15
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
16
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
Sampling error
Many confounding variables
The need for a representative sample
Concerns over validity
17
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It yields consistent results.
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It is given in the same way every time.
It is also valid.
18
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Authoritarian
Avoidant
Secure
Authoritative
19
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
20
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
Stage 1
Stage 4
REM Sleep
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
21
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
22
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Spatial reasoning
Producing speech
Abstract reasoning
Control of the left hand
23
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
24
All of the following people are known for their theories of intelligences, EXCEPT...?
Thurstone
Gardner
Flynn
Guilford
25
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
Structuralism
Gestalt Theory
Behaviorism
The unconscious mind
26
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Endorphins
Serotonin
GABA
Dopamine
27
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
28
Which statement about bulimia is true?
The main cause of bulimia is society's emphasis on thinness.
Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their body image.
All bulimics use vomiting to rid their bodies of calories.
Bulimics lose in excess of 15 percent of their body weight.
29
Which approach toward personality is the least deterministic?
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Behaviorist
Biological
30
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Continuous
Fixed Ratio
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
31
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
32
Which level of consciousness controls involuntary body processes?
Nonconscious level
Autonomic level
Subconscious level
Unconscious level
33
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
34
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
35
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
A straight line
Normal
Positively skewed
Negatively skewed
36
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
37
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Biological processes
Past conditioning
Individual choice
Unconscious behavioral impulses
38
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
39
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Serotonin
Thorazine
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
40
Weber's Law determines...
Just-noticeable difference
Amplitude of sound waves
Level of subliminal messages
Absolute threshold
41
According to the nativist theory, language is acquired...
Using an inborn ability to learn language.
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
42
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Sensory Memory
Selective Attention
Constructive Memory
Recovered Memory
43
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
44
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Two types of influences language has on thought.
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Elements of language.
45
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
5.5
4.5
6
5
46
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The time span of the study.
The number of participants involved.
The developmental stage of the participants.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
47
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
48
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Which pain messages are perceived.
49
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Honesty
Openness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
50
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
51
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Rationalization
Denial
Sublimation
Regression
52
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
53
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Too applicable for research settings.
Appropriate for only female patients.
Unscientific and unverifiable
54
The cochlea is responsible for...
Protecting the surface of the eye.
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
55
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
56
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Sensorimotor
Formal Operations
Pre-operational
Conventional
57
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Achievement test
Aptitude test
Standardized test
Intelligence test
58
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Endorphins
Adrenaline
59
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
Less reported stress.
Increased arousal.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
60
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
MRI and CAT
PET and EEG
CAT and EKG
EKG and CAT
61
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
Ivan Pavlov
Abraham Maslow
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
62
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A strong libido.
A positive self-concept.
A belief in luck.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
63
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
64
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Occur only after stressful events.
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
65
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Behaviorist
Structuralist
Biopsychologist
Psychoanalytic
