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Biology Midterm Review
Biology Midterm Review
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Biology Midterm Review #biology
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1
All of the following are found in both plant and animal cells, except:
mitochondria
cell wall
nucleus
cell membrane
2
The size to which a cell can grow is limited by its:
structure
function
location
surface area
3
The part of the microscope that regulates the amount of light that goes through the specimen ?
objective lens
stage
diaphragm
ocular lens
4
The type of microscopes that we use in class are:
transmission electron microscopes
scanning electron microscopes
compound light microscopes
binocular microscopes
5
The process by which water passes into or out of a cell is called:
endocytosis
diffusion
active transport
osmosis
6
The major atmospheric byproduct of photosynthesis is:
water
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
oxygen
7
The smallest units of life in all living things are:
cytoplasm
algae
cells
mitochondria
8
Chlorophyll is green because:
it transmits light and causes an optical illusion.
it absorbs green wavelengths of light.
it absorbs blue and yellow wavelengths, which make green.
it reflects green wavelengths of light.
9
How are chloroplasts like mitochondria?
They are both found in animal cells.
They both contain DNA.
They look alike.
They can both use energy from sunlight.
10
The bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons is called a:
nonpolar bond
covalent bond
water bond
hydrogen bond.
11
Molecules that are too large to be moved across a cell membrane can be removed from the cell by
exocytosis
osmosis
diffusion
lipid carries
12
Heterotrophs are organisms that can
produce food from inorganic molecules and sunlight.
Survive without energy
consume other organisms for energy.
carry out photosynthesis
13
A diploid cell is one that
has chromosomes found in pairs.
All of these
is designated by the symbol 2n
has two homologues of each chromosome
14
Lipids are:
polar molecules
nonpolar molecules
15
Plant cells have a large membrane-bound space in which water and nutrients are stored called:
chloroplasts
central vacuole
mitochondrion
nucleus
16
Homeostasis means:
rapid change
keeping things the same.
the same thing as evolution.
a change over long periods of time.
17
As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances:
always remains greater on the outside of a membrane.
becomes imbalanced on both sides of a membrane.
always remains greater inside a membrane.
eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane.
18
Placing a plant into a hypertonic environment will:
cause turgor pressure to increase.
have no effect.
cause the plant to take in water.
cause turgor pressure to decrease.
19
Mitosis is a process by which
a cell’s nucleus divides
cells grow in size
cytokinesis occurs
DNA is replicated
20
Nucleic acids include:
chlorophyll and retinal.
glucose and glycogen.
DNA and RNA
lipids and sigars
21
The sun's energy is converted into chemical energy in a series of chemical reactions called a
ATP generator
photosynthetic reactant.
biochemical pathway
chemical equation
22
The process whereby plants capture energy and make complex molecules is known as:
adaptations
evolution
homeostasis
photosynthesis
23
All organic compounds contain the element:
Na
Ca
C
N
24
Which of the following does not expend energy?
active transport
endocytosis
sodium-potassium pump
diffusion
25
The source of oxygen produced during photosynthesis is:
water
chlorophyll
glucose
carbon dioxide
26
The chromosomes in your body
All of these
exist in 23 pairs
include two sex chromosomes
include 44 autosomes
27
An atom that has gained or lost electrons is called a(n)
molecule
nucleon
ion
element
28
Which blood cell is in a hypotonic environment?
b
c
a
29
Biology is the study of:
energy
life
minerals
weather
30
Only eukaryotic cells have:
ribosomes
DNA
cytoplasm
membrane bound organelles
31
A microscope that has an objective lens of 10 and an ocular lens of 20 has a magnification of?
2000x
200x
30x
300x
32
Carbon is different from many other elements in that:
it readily bonds with other carbon atoms.
it has four electrons in its outermost energy level.
it can form single, double, or triple bonds
all of these
33
Amino acids are monomers of
proteins
steroids
disaccharides.
nucleotides
34
Diffusion takes place:
only through a lipid bilayer membrane.
from an area of high to an area of low concentration.
only in liquids.
from an area of low to an area of high concentration.
35
A particularly active cell might contain large numbers of:
mitochondria
vacuoles
chromosomes
chlorophyll
36
After meiosis and cytokinesis, there are
four 2n cells
two 1n cells
four 1n cells
two 2n cells
37
The dispersal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of
diffusion
active transport
photosynthesis
osmosis
38
A structure within a cell that performs a specific function is called a(n):
biocenter
tissue
organ tissue
organelle
39
Which of the following is a carbohydrate?
wax
sucrose
insulin
DNA
40
Which is the correct order of structures in living things, from simplest to most complex?
organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
cells, tissues, organ systems, organs
tissues, cells, organs, organ systems
41
Which of the following is not necessarily a characteristic of living things?
homeostasis
metabolism
complexity
reproduction
42
The sun is considered the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth because:
the sun heats Earth’s atmosphere.
provide energy for all organisms on Earth.
all organisms carry out photosynthesis
all organisms carry out cellular respiration.
43
The electrons of an atom:
orbit the nucleus in various energy levels.
are attracted to the positive charge of neutrons.
are found in the nucleus along with the protons.
have a positive charge
44
Which organic molecule below is most closely related to nucleic acids?
amino acids
nucleotides
CH2 chains
sugars
45
During meiosis, pieces of chromosomes are exchanged in crossing over. This leads to increased.
compexity
genetic mutations
genetic diversity
number of chromosomes