biodiversity is mainly important to an ecosystem because it

helps populations adapt to ecological changes

can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings.

high temperatures and low precipitation results in

short and less dense vegetation

an accurate estimation of a population is determined by

a large statistical sample sample size

when a marsh has brackish water, it

has less salinity than the salt marsh

in a closed system...

cannot exchange matter or energy with its surroundings.

what is the tragedy of the commons

Conflict between individuals needs and needs of society

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Envi. Science Midterm

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Questions 87

Answers

1
tectonic plates...
are blocks of lithosphere
consist of the crust and outermost part of the mantle
form mountains
all of the above
2
maps and charts are
graphical models
conceptual models
their own type of model
physical models
3
biodiversity is mainly important to an ecosystem because it
it keeps the food chains stable
live is better
provides a more abundant food source for humans and animals
helps populations adapt to ecological changes
4
What is not a renewable resource
water
gasoline
solar power
bamboo
5
how does the excess use of fertilizer affect the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles.
all of the above
it will cause runoff
the amount of nutrients in an area is increased
can enter terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems
6
in an open system...
neither a or c
cannot exchange matter or energy with its surroundings
humans are open to share their resources with each other
can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings.
7
least productive marine ecosystem
estuaries
wetlands
surface of the ocean
open ocean
8
what kind of graph is used to represent the concept of exponential growth
a line graph
J-curve
none of the above
mathematical chart
9
What has the greatest effect of reproductive potential
never reproduce
staying healthy
producing at a young age
taking care of your kids
10
Why is sustainability important
it protects animals from human threats
humans can survive forever
it gives habitats more space
it makes the U.S better than other countries
11
What is not a Developing Country
UK
Costa Rica
Uganda
Peru
12
the USFWS reintroduced the gray wolf into the US by the
Endangered Species act
The Biodiversity Treaty
CTIES treaty
legalizing poaching
13
angiosperms are
provide food to other animals
their seeds are dispersed by other animals
all of the above
flowering plants
14
bacteria, fungi, and plants all have
cartilage
a heart
cell walls
a nucleus
15
the three types of diversity on earth are environmental diversity, species diversity, and
ecological diversity
habitat diversity
genetic diversity
physical diversity
16
what holds the atmosphere above the earth's surface
energy from the sun
it's just like that
gravity
God
17
high temperatures and low precipitation results in
short and dense vegetation
natural fires
no plants
short and less dense vegetation
18
flow charts are
charts used by scientists
only used in social sciences
conceptual models
graphical models
19
the densest elements of the earth are found in the
atmosphere
mantle
crust
core
20
density independent
people may die regardless of the populations density
all of the above
does not depend on the number of individuals
natural disasters
21
an accurate estimation of a population is determined by
the people living in an area
a portion taken from the sample size
a large statistical sample sample size
the mathematician
22
what is the coldest layer of the atmosphere
troposphere
thermosphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
23
when a marsh has brackish water, it
the amount of organisms in the marsh is abundant
the amount of organisms in the marsh is scarse
has less salinity than the salt marsh
the water is dirty
24
the largest carbon resevoir is
none of the above
limestone
volcanoes
the rocky mountains
25
association or relationship between 2 or more events.
both a and b
used by scientists when experiments are not possible
correlation
analyzing results
26
organisms who lives attached to hard surfaces are
both a and c
benthos
crabs
barnacles
27
rivers originate in mountains from
rain
all of the above
god
snow melt
28
An example of secondary succession is
vegetation sprouts after a fire
all of the above
plants grow after the eruption of Mt. Saint Helen
a habitat recovers after a natural disasters
29
What instrument is used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes
Ritcher scale
both a and c
Seismograph that measures seismic waves
a magnitude graph
30
density dependent
when a population is packed together
depends on the number of individuals
all of the above
death from disease
31
animals, plants, fungi, and protists all have
cell walls
bones
a heart
a nucleus
32
what factor of pollutants is a threat to estuaries
pollutants that aren't able to be broken down
what the pollutants are
volume
oil
33
which groups of organisms are in danger of extinction
both b and d
small populations
the best ones to eat
special habitats
34
occurs when farm land is abandoned
secondary succession
habitat succession
old-field succession
ecological succession
35
point where the water temperature decreases dramatically
deep current
middle of sea
deep ocean
thermocline
36
what has the largest impact on biodiversity
habitat destruction
poaching in developing countries
both a and c
habitat alteration
37
in a closed system...
can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings.
neither a or c
cannot exchange matter or energy with its surroundings.
species only interact with the same species
38
a single large interconnected body of salt water
world ocean
marsh
ocean
carribbean sea
39
protecting species come in conflict with interests of humans because species
can be a source of food
species are eating people's flowers
can be a source of income
both a and c
40
what is the tragedy of the commons
also known as competition
species were becoming extinct
people died from disease
Conflict between individuals needs and needs of society
41
infertile soil, a lot of nutrients, and large biodiversity describes
the deciduous rain forest
tropical rain forest
grasslands
the savanna
42
areas of the world that have high levels of biodiversity and many threats to species.
all of the above
biodiversity hotspots
coastal regions
tropical rain forests
43
captive breeding programs are
breeding then hoping to reintroduce to their natural habitat
the California condor
attempt to restore the population of species
all of the above
44
humans are increasing the amount of carbon dioxide by
hunting
burning leaves
burning fossil fuels
breathing
45
what causes eutrophication
a drout
excess amounts of rain
excess amounts of fertilizer
high carbon dioxide levels
46
Selected traits must be passed on through
reproduction
adaptation
evolution
resistance
47
earth is...
both a and c
a closed system in terms of matter
neither a or c
an open system in terms of energy
48
the energy consumers get by eating producers can be
stored in fat and sugar molecules
lost as heat
all of the above
used
49
the environment relies on bacteria and fungi
to give it nutritious soil
both a and b
to give us deadly diseases
to break down remains of other organisms
50
estuaries are known to be
mineral traps
the safest place for animals
the saltiest area of water
none of the above
51
What has low economic wealth and a low population growth
developing countries
developed counties
neither
both
52
formulas are
statistics
algebraic models
mathematical models
used in chemistry
53
limiting resources determine a population's
available resources
existence
carrying capacity
stability
54
in the tropical rain forest, where are most animals found
the forest floor
the emergent layer
the canopy
the understory
55
curiosity and imagination are important because
it keeps us entertained
it makes scientists better
solving problems will be easier
it helps expand human knowledge
56
two parts of a good experiment are
the scientist and his data
control and variable
control and experimental group
variable and experimental group
57
what do most animals in the desert do at night
search for food
all of the above
sleep
migrate because the temperature is cooler at night
58
the stratosphere...
all of the above
contains the ozone layer
temperature rises as altitude increases
layer above the troposphere
59
Why is ozone important
all of the above
protects humans and other organisms from UV radiation
absorbs the sun's UV rays
reduces the amount of UV radiation that enters the earth
60
parasites carry disease that may cause its host
it wont affect the host
sick
to become vulnerable and weak
to die
61
cars, buildings, dinosaurs are
conceptual models
graphical models
3D models
physical models
62
in the densest layer, troposphere...
temperature decreases as altitude increases
is closest to earth's surface
weather occurs
all of the above
63
fossil fuels are found
the gas station
in factories
in the atmosphere
below the ground
64
What is a nonrenewable resource
electricity
fossil fuels
trees
food
65
the atmosphere is made out of mostly
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
pollutants
66
as an adaptation, rodents burrow themselves during the winter
all of the above
in the desert
in the tundra
in the taiga
67
major effect of hunter-gatherers, agricultural revolution, and Industrial Revolution is
extinction of species
habitat alteration
death
pollution
68
sunlight and nutrients are very limited in
marshes
estuaries
coral reefs
the open ocean
69
Law of supply and demand: When the demand increases...
the supply increases
both a and c
the supply decreases
the prices increase
70
the function of wetlands is to
absorb pollutants
all of the above
control flooding
trap carbon
71
the honeycreeper is
extinct
endangered
threatened
not in danger
72
how many known and estimated species are there
5 mill, 8 mill
2.3 mill, 10 mill
3.5 bill, 10 bill
1.7 mill, 10 mill
73
What is not a developed country
Canada
U.S
France
Mexico
74
how is a populations growth rate determined and how can it be zero and negative
zero: pair of adults produce 2 more; negative: not replaced
birth rate minus death rate
death rate minus birth rate
both a and b
75
what zone do decomposers exist in
benthic
middle zone
littoral zone
they exist in both
76
drifting plants and the food base for aquatic ecosystems are
phytoplankton
zooplankton
can be both a and c
benthos
77
biotic potential is determined and regulated by the
the amount of resources in a habitat
population size
diversity
maximun number of offspring each individual can reproduce
78
zoo plankton are
all of the above
can be microscopic and larger
jellyfish
drifting animals
79
what is not a global common
your home
atmosphere
shared resources
ocean
80
Biology, earth science, physics, chemistry, social sciences are
professions
five fields of study
contribute to biology
types of science
81
What has a slow population growth and high economic wealth
neither
both
developed countries
developing countries
82
The slaughter or poaching of African Elephants was stopped by the
CITIES treaty
Biodiversity treaty
habitat indasion laws
Endangered species act
83
why is the tundra considered to be "fragile"
people have been drilling oil from the ground too often
food chains are simple so they are easily disrupted
it is made of mostly ice so there isn't much land
it is too cold for life
84
allong with preserving large areas of land, efforts to save individual species include
all of the above
preserving germ-plasm
captive breeding programs
preserve hotspots
85
the farthest layer from the surface, thermosphere...
little heat transferred cause air particles rarely collide
contains the ionosphere
absorbs radiation + causes electrically charged atoms- ions
all of the above
86
An example of primary succession is
all of the above
parking lots
islands are created from volcanic eruptions
glaciers retreat
87
the role that nitrogen-fixing bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle is
changing the nitrogen into a form that plants can use
both a and c
decreasing the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere
releasing nitrogen into the air

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