A true statement about parasitism is that parasites

may cause their hosts to become more predators

A true statement about sulfur dioxides is that they are

involved in the formation of acid precipitation

Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of

the secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals.

Which of the following most effectively allows forests to recover from tree harvesting?

cutting only medium-sized or mature trees

results in nuclei that are lighter in weight than the nuclei

The current rate of species extinction is

slower than at any other time in this century.

Which of the following is a good way to reduce salinization?

using rainwater instead of groundwater on crops

The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to

protect farmland from being overtaken by natural grasses

A true statement concerning the physical properties of air is that

warm air can hold more water vapor than an equal amount

Much of the oil and natural gas in the United States is located in

Alaska, Texas, California, and the Gulf of Mexico

Because birth rates have begun to fall, Earth’s population will

stabilize somewhere around 9 billion by 2050.

Climate in a region is

the long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions

Geothermal heat pumps can heat homes by

circulating fluid underground to absorb heat from Earth.

Which type of building would most likely have poor indoor air quality?

one that is tightly sealed and air-conditioned

Chaparral plants usually survive fires because

they contain oils that act as natural fire extinguishers.

Erosion is most likely when the soil is

bare and exposed to wind and rain.

studbud

Environmental Science Final Review

75 termsStudBud Administration10 plays

Environmental science final review

Flashcards75 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 75

Answers

1
A true statement about parasitism is that parasites
are always animals and never plants
may cause their hosts to become more predators
do not live on or in their hosts’ bodies.
immediately kill their hosts.
2
A true statement about sulfur dioxides is that they are
participants in the chemical reactions that produce ozone.
released when solvents are used in manufacturing.
involved in the formation of acid precipitation
primarily a byproduct of fuel burning in automobiles.
3
The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year is an example of
risk.
correlation.
skepticism.
distribution
4
Why are mathematical models important?
They can be used to create useful digital images.
They are especially useful in situations
All of the above
They can represent how a system or process works.
5
Light pollution can be decreased by
directing lighting downward.
lighting billboards from below
increasing the number of lights per block on a city street.
using incandescent light bulbs.
6
Deep currents flow along the
halocline.
thermocline.
ocean floor.
ocean surface.
7
The distance north or south of the equator, as measured in degrees, is called
longitude.
altitude.
magnitude.
latitude.
8
The energy in fossil fuels is often converted into
electricity.
magnetic fields.
power plants
uranium.
9
Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of
volcanic activity that is common in tropical marine
the secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals.
the gradual accumulation and fusion of skeletons of fish.
minerals that are washed from land ecosystems and build up.
10
Which of the following most effectively allows forests to recover from tree harvesting?
cutting only young trees and then replacing.
cutting only medium-sized or mature trees
allowing the forest to reseed itself
cutting all of the trees and then replanting the area
11
Which of the following pH measurements of rainwater would indicate acid precipitation?
pH 9.6
pH 6.0
pH 4.1
pH 7.3
12
Nuclear fusion
results in nuclei that are lighter in weight than the nuclei
must take place at extremely high temperatures.
must take place in low-density containers.
does not release a great amount of energy.
13
Which of the following is not an ecosystem?
coral reef
oak forest
vacant lot
utility pole
14
In which country is the population likely to be increasing most rapidly?
Germany
Kenya
Australia
Norway
15
All of these fields of study contribute to environmental science except
linguistics.
physics and chemistry.
social sciences.
biology and earth sciences.
16
Why is the world’s loss of biodiversity a source of concern?
Both (a) and (b)
Species extinctions have been rare throughout history.
Loss of biodiversity is not a concern because extinctions
Humans depend upon other organisms for food and oxygen.
17
The current rate of species extinction is
attributable to the actions of humans.
of little consequence to Earth’s long-term survival
slower than at any other time in this century.
the result of natural environmental processes
18
Which of the following is a good way to reduce salinization?
increase the use of synthetic pesticides
adopt no-till farming methods
use ocean water instead of groundwater to irrigate crops
using rainwater instead of groundwater on crops
19
The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to
protect farmland from damage by wild animals.
protect farmland from environmental damage from pollution
protect farmland from being overtaken by natural grasses
protect farmland from being developed.
20
The major human causes of extinction today are
Both (a) and (b)
Neither (a) nor (b)
polluting and introducing non-native species
hunting and destroying habitats
21
Acid mine drainage
causes acid rain.
purifies streams.
harms or kills aquatic life
is unregulated in the United States.
22
Which of the following is not a strategy that could slow population growth?
legal punishments
public advertising
economic incentives
limiting education for women
23
Which of the following characteristics is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants?
They have cell nuclei.
They usually have cell walls.
They are single-celled
They have the ability to make their own food
24
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
All of the above
sewage
oil spills
pesticides
25
In the troposphere, which of the following decreases as altitude increases?
temperature
pressure
Both (a) and (c)
radiation
26
Solar energy, or energy from the sun, is contained in
fossil fuels.
uranium.
all nonrenewable resources
radioactive waste.
27
Single-celled organisms with cell walls but no nuclei are
fungi.
All of the above
bacteria.
protists.
28
A true statement concerning the physical properties of air is that
cold air rises in the atmosphere.
warm air can hold more water vapor than an equal amount
as air warms, the water vapor it holds condenses.
warm air sinks toward Earth’s surface.
29
Which of the following models would you use to represent the shape of Earth’s surface?
mathematical
conceptual
physical
graphical
30
Each of the following is an example of a parasite except
a cow in a pasture
a roundworm in a human’s intestine.
a tick on a cat.
mistletoe on a tree.
31
Which step in the experimental method are scientists conducting when they photograph birds ?
hypothesizing
observing
drawing conclusions
analyzing data
32
Latitude strongly influences climate because _____ solar energy falls .
sometimes less
more
less
the same amount of
33
Much of the oil and natural gas in the United States is located in
Alaska, Minnesota, New York, and Texas.
Alaska, California, Michigan, and Nevada.
Alaska, Texas, California, and the Gulf of Mexico
Texas, Colorado, New York, and the Gulf of Mexico.
34
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
lakes and ponds
rivers and streams
marshes and swamps
littoral zones and benthic zones
35
Because birth rates have begun to fall, Earth’s population will
stabilize somewhere around 9 billion by 2050.
increase for a short time and then decrease to current level
soon stabilize at the level it is today—about 6 billion.
begin to decrease until it reaches 5 billion
36
In the troposphere, which of the following decreases as altitude increases ?
temperature
radiation
pressure
Both (a) and (c)
37
Which of the following is not a main use of fuel?
cooking
transportation
heating and cooling buildings
manufacturing
38
Climate in a region is
the atmospheric conditions on a given day.
never affected by ocean currents
determined only by seasonal daylight hours.
the long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions
39
An area prone to landslides is an example of
rural land.
marginal land.
rangeland.
open space
40
In an experiment, the factor of interest is called the
control group.
experimental group
variable.
.hypothesis.
41
From whom must mining companies obtain permits before mining a site?
federal agencies only
state and federal agencies
local government only
a bonding company
42
With respect to energy, Earth is a(n)
unstable system.
open system.
stationary system.
closed system
43
Which of the following would not be a consequence of a rise in global temperature?
rising sea level
increased frequency of major storms
increased polar ice mass
increased frequency of major droughts
44
Which of the following includes all of the water on or near Earth’s surface?
lithosphere
hydrosphere
geosphere
atmosphere
45
Where do most Americans live?
on producing farms
There is an equal distribution of people across the land
in urban areas
in rural areas
46
Geothermal heat pumps can heat homes by
using underground rivers to turn a small turbine
pumping hot water or steam from deep underground.
All of the above
circulating fluid underground to absorb heat from Earth.
47
Which of the following is a side effect of heat islands?
drought
lower temperatures
increased precipitation
lower temperatures and drought
48
Which type of building would most likely have poor indoor air quality?
one that is tightly sealed and air-conditioned
one that has not been repainted or recarpeted in several
one in an urban area where windows are often open
one in a cool climate with a good ventilation system
49
Which of the following describes soil and temperature in an ecosystem?
unnecessary factors
biotic factors
selection factors
abiotic factors
50
Chaparral plants usually survive fires because
they have deep root systems that keep them moist.
they can resprout from small amount plant tissue.
water is stored in their small, leathery leaves
they contain oils that act as natural fire extinguishers.
51
Erosion is most likely when the soil is
planted to forest.
covered with grass.
bare and exposed to wind and rain.
plowed along the contour of the land.
52
Which of the following is not an example of exponential growth?
mold appearing on bread overnight
a bank account that earns interest
reindeer of the Pribilof Islands after eating lichens
rabbit populations after being introduced to Australia
53
What is the estimated temperature of Earth’s inner core?
4,000°C to 5,000°C
300°C to 400°C
3,000°C to 4,000°C
400°C to 500°C
54
What is one property that may be used to distinguish metallic from nonmetallic minerals?
value
carbon content
electrical conductivity
cost to extract
55
Which of the following is true of human demographic trends?
Death rates rise in the third stage of the demographic.
In preindustrial societies, birth rates are low
When the average number of children born to each woman falls
When birth rates and death rates are both high
56
Which country is most likely to have either a stabilized or a slowly growing population?
Mexico
Canada
India
Pakistan
57
Which of the following reproductive situations will limit a population’s biotic potential?
the minimum number of offspring each pair can produce
the size of offspring each individual can produce
the maximum number of offspring each individual can produce
the number of interactions each individual has
58
Which of the following is true of land-use plans?
All of the above
Projects in environmentally sensitive areas may be hotly
The public often has input in land-use plans.
Developers must prepare detailed reports
59
One disadvantage of wind energy is that
the difficulty of transporting the energy from its source .
wind turbines generate only a small amount of energy.
large amounts of farmland are needed for the turbines
wind turbines are not cost-effective.
60
Scientists predict population sizes by using
replacement rate, fertility rate, age rates, and survivor.
survivorship, migration, life expectancy, and structure.
age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration
age structure, fertility rate, and migration.
61
Which of the following would cause the smallest increase in smog in an urban area?
combustion of ethanol in cars
location in a valley or basin
dependence on coal for heating
frequent thermal inversions
62
An example of a population is
all plants in a forest.
all maple trees in a forest.
all animals in a forest.
all trees in a forest.
63
Which of the following is responsible for making nitrogen in the atmosphere usable by organism?
nitrogen-fixing bacteria
decomposing bacteria
conversion of nitrogen into carbohydrates by photosynthesis
absorption of nitrogen into water systems
64
The classification and collection of data that are in the form of numbers is called
distribution.
probability.
statistics.
mean.
65
Which of the following factors does not help predict future oil production?
cost of obtaining fuels
changes in technology
number of oil deposits discovered
the number of oil refineries operating in the past
66
Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain?
killer whale
krill
leopard seal
algae
67
Which of the following is a developing nation?
France
Canada
the United States
Ethiopia
68
The fact that useful man-made substances can cause unforeseen damage is illustrated by
the detection of Oscillatoria rubescens in Lake Washington.
the pollution of the Gulf of Mexico from farm chemicals
the condition of the atmosphere’s protective ozone layer
All of the above
69
In what part of the world are the greatest number of extinctions occurring?
in tropical rainforests
in the Arctic
in deserts
in Europe and the United States
70
Human population growth was most rapid during which period of human history?
Modern Age
Stone Ages
Bronze and Iron Ages
Ice Ages
71
Succession is possible because
existing plants reproduce quickly.
climates change over time.
new species make the environment less suitable
it is a rapid and chaotic process that is very difficult.
72
The layer of impurities on top of molten metal that forms during smelting is called
flux
dredge.
slag.
smelt.
73
Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?
d.All of the above
herbivores
omnivores
decomposers
74
Which factor contributed most to the exponential growth of the human population?
higher birth rates
more food, better hygiene
increased immigration
higher fertility rates
75
Which of the following actions contributes to soil erosion?
driving farm machinery over fields
all of these practices contribute to soil erosion
using compost as fertilizer
allowing land to lie fallow

Environmental Science Final Review Flashcards | StudBud