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Mid Term Review
Mid Term Review
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Answers
1
However, some organisms have ____ that limit(s) their distribution.
a specific critical factor
other environmental conditions
2
Living vegetation and the ocean are known as “carbon sinks” because
they store carbon
they destroy carbon
they are made of carbon
they create carbon
3
Temperature, sunlight, and water are examples of
abiotic factors
food sources
biotic factors
mineral sources
4
Select the most accurate and complete definition of biodiversity
The number of different species within an ecosystem
The total population of a single species within an ecosystem
The total population of every living organism within an ecosystem
The number of different animals within an ecosystem
5
Which of the following is not a form of energy?
chemical
mechanical
light (radiant)
photosynthesis
6
All of the following words mean the same thing except
entropy
disorder
chaos
arrangement
7
A population tends to increase if the
birthrate is high and death rate is low
birthrate is low and death rate is low
birthrate is high and death rate is high
birthrate is low and death rate is high
8
Which of the following most likely would be considered an umbrella species?
kudzu
Burmese python
feral hogs
grizzly bear
9
Some species are so important to the functioning of an ecosystem that they are called
threatened species
indictator species
endangered species
keystone species
10
Which of these organisms is capable of the following: 6 H
2
O + 6 CO
2
+ energy→ C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6 O
2
decomposers
fish
grass
deer
11
Which unit of measure is largest?
deca-
kilo-
milli-
centi-
12
Resource partitioning leads species to
migrate to other regions
feed at different times
all of these could be a result
become specialized
13
What is sustainability?
Reducing resource use even if it means some sacrifices by human beings
Halting further resource use and limiting human progress
Satisfying basic needs without depleting or degrading resources
Maximizing resource use
14
Carrying capacity is the population
of a species without limiting factors
that remains after a catastrophic dieback has occurred
that a species’ environment can support on a long-term basis
that an environment can support in an optimal year
15
Fish, cattails, frogs, water lilies, dragonflies, and all the other living things in a pond make up a(n)
community
population
ecosystem
biosphere
16
If the doubling time is 7 years, what is the % growth rate?
10 years
1 year
100 years
0.1 years
17
All of the following are statements of the second law of thermodynamics except
conversion of energy from 1 form to another, there is always a decrease
in any closed system, entropy always tends to increase toward a maximum
heat is work and work is heat.
in a closed system, heat will spontaneously flow from hot to cold.
18
Proof of science is always open to new evidence.
False
True
19
Graphs are visual representations of data.
False
True
20
A niche is like a species' ______ and a habitat is like it's _________
education, occupation
occupation, address
appearance, physiology
family history, occupation
21
Which of the following is considered part of the environment?
all of the above
people
forests
buildings
22
Which of the following cycles does not have an atmospheric phase?
nitrogen cycle
sulfur cycle
water cycle
phosphorus cycle
23
Ecologists study
relationships between organisms and their environment
living things and their genetic makeup
the physical world and its processes
genetic patterns and the chemistry in them
24
A natural resource that is naturally formed much more slowly than we use it is called ?
nonrenewable
ecological
renewable
sustainable
25
a species with a narrow tolerance curve could be classified as a
specialist
generalist
26
Populations are most critically limited by
suitable shelter from predators
suitable shelter from the elements
available food
any of these, depending on the system
27
You're looking at the interactions of plants, animals, composition of the soil, & levels in a marsh. You're studying
population
biosphere
community
ecosystem
28
What variable does the scientist manipulate to elicit a change in the other variable?
independent
control
dependent
experimental
29
In the following food chain, where is the greatest amount of energy contained? grain →mice → snakes→ hawks
snakes
grain
hawks
none of these
30
Which of the following statements about parasitism is true
parasitism is similar to predation
parasites kill their hosts
parasitism is a cooperative relationship between two species
presence of a parasite does not affect the host
31
A rollercoaster full of people stopped at the top of a large hill has a lot of _________________.
both
neither
kinetic energy
potential energy
32
Food chains start with producers and end with
omnivores
decomposers
carnivores
herbivores
33
What is an explanation you can test?
Theory
Hypothesis
Question
Observation
34
Natural selection will ultimately make a species
more intelligent
less vulnerable to it's predator
more aggressive
physically bigger
35
A relationship between species in which one species benefits and the other is harmed is called
symbiosis
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
36
An example of a density-dependent limiting factor is
a decrease in water due to drought
the amount of available food
an avalanche
a sudden flood
37
The easiest component of biodiversity to measure is
genetic diversity
ecosystem diversity
species diversity
ecosystem heal
38
Carrying capacity is determined by
predators
all of the above
available resources
diseases
39
Which of the following numbers are more precise?
0.120
0.01200
1200
12
40
The role of an organism in an ecosystem is called it's
species
habitat
niche
sleeping habits
41
Excessive use of fertilizer that contains nitrogen and phosphorus
may cause algal bloom in water ways
contributes to primary succession
affects the carbon cycle
causes soil erosion
42
What does science always start with?
Conclusions
Observations
An experiment
A hypothesis
43
With respect to ___________, every ecosystem is open.
populations
species
energy flow
matter cycling
44
What effects the loss of biodiversity the most?
poaching
pollution
invasive species
habitat destruction
45
Widespread starvation is an example of _________ population control.
density dependent
density-independent
biotic
abiotic
46
Which branch of biodiversity provides us with 60% of the worlds medicines?
animals
bacteria
all of the above
plants
47
What variable is the one that is measured by the scientist?
dependent
experimental
Independent
control
48
Which of the following is not an example of good science?
skepticisim
acceptance of uncertainty
honesty
intolerance
49
How many people can the earth support?
50 billion
unknown
10 billion
20 billion
50
Cheetahs can run extremely fast because
competition with stronger lions causes them to need to be fast
1.They need to run extremely fast in order to catch their prey
An ancestor that run fast had an advantage and passed those genes on
over time individuals built up speed to adapt to faster prey
51
Which group receives the treatment or change?
dependent
independent
experimental
control
52
Most of the species that are yet undiscovered are probably
birds and fish
mammals and reptiles
invertebrates, bacteria, and fungi
plants
53
Which group does not receive the treatment or is not changed from the norm?
independent
dependent
control
experimental
54
There is/are usually ___ tolerance limit(s) responsible for limiting the number & location of a species.
one
many
55
all of the organisms make up the ____ and the organisms and the abiotic factors make up the ________
population, ecosystem
community, ecosystem
ecosystem, population
ecosystem, community
56
Introduced species tend to ________ the balance of ecosystems and ________ bioversity
upset, decrease
increase, decrease
increase, enhance
upset, increase
57
A human-centered view of our relationship with the environment is known as
Environmentalism.
Ecocentrism.
Biocentrism.
Anthropocentrism.
58
A species can withstand a wide range of pH as an adult but the juveniles can only withstand a narrow range of pH.
Stress factor
Intolerance factor
critical factor
tolerance limit
59
How many significant digits are in the number 25.0000
3
6
2
1
60
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary field of study. This means that…
Multiple branches of science only (biology, chemistry, etc) are covered.
It is limited to only one branch of science; ecology.
Many science & other fields of study, such as econ and politics, r included
Each environmental issue is specific to only one type of science.
61
Complete the following statement: “Energy _______________, while matter _____________ through the environment.”
cycles, flows
cycles, cycles
flows, cycles
flows, flows
62
Which of the following are NOT a greenhouse gas?
carbon monoxide
methane
carbon dioxide
water vapor
63
A bluebird and mockingbird are living in the same territory and are using some of the same resources
commensalism
interspecific competition
intraspecific competiton
mutualism
64
Which is the most direct way in which biodiversity can provide a source of income?
agriculture
ecotourism
research
medicines
65
What type of graph is best for comparing growth over time?
line graph
circle graph
pie chart
bar graph
66
Pollution is defined as
any addition to air, water, or soil that harms humans or other organisms
contamination caused by human activities
contamination from a specific source
products that do harm in the area where they are released or spilled
67
In some species, young individuals float freely as plankton while mature members are fixed on the seafloor. Why
Fixed adults are more likely to survive
Predators cannot catch the plankton
Different phases do not compete for food
Plankton are more likely to survive
68
Which of the following represents single-species approach to protecting biodiversity?
building wildlife corridors
building a zoo
mapping biodiversity hotspots
captive breeding and cloning
69
Which of the following is or would be an example of a natural cause of extinction?
The passenger pigeon that went extinct due to poaching
All of these are examples of natural cause of extinction
Freshwater Great Lake mussels that compete with the Zebra mussel
An insect in a forest that can't escape predation by native bird species
70
Which of the following environments would you expect the most biodiversity?
Amazon Rainforest
Sahara Desert
North Pole
Mt. Everest
71
Which of these accurately describes a developing country compared to a developed country?
Greater resource consumption per person.
Faster population growth.
Higher ecological footprint.
Higher life expectancy.
72
One example of a renewable resource is
fertile soil
recycled aluminum
sand
coal