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Science 9 Final Exam
Science 9 Final Exam
50 terms
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#ecology #evolution #hydrosphere #experimental design
Flashcards
50 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
50
Answers
1
Which set of environmental factors ONLY list biotic factors
carnivores, herbivores, producers
air quality, flowers, insects
nutrients, soil, water
clouds, sunlight, temperature
2
Zebra mussels are native to Poland and transported to the US. With no natural predators...
cause a huge decline in native clam and mussels
compete unsuccessfully
zebra mussels eventually die out
successfully share the niche with native populations
3
A measurable amount of data like the speed of light is considered a...
hypothesis
scientific theory
scientific evaluation
scientific law
4
Photosynthesis increases atmospheric levels of
carbon dioxide
oxygen
ozone
water
5
Which of the following is a property of water that allows bugs to walk on the surface?
high specific heat
capillary action
low freezing point
cohesion
6
What happens to the amount of available energy in the pyramid as it moves up?
it remains the same
it decreases then increases
it increases
it decreases
7
Which is an example of a mutualistic relationship?
tapeworms in a dog's intestine
young wasps prey on caterpillars
crabs eat the remains of dead fish
ants protect a tree on which they feed
8
Humans use this to pass on desired traits to the next generation of organisms
selective breeding aka artifical selection
natural breeding
natural selection
artificial fertilization
9
Which is a hypothesis
the rxn rate increased 100%
introducing an enzyme into a rxn did not increase rate
presence of an enzyme increased rxn rate
when an enzyme is introduced the rxn rate will increase
10
All living things use nitrogen to
make sugar
reproduce
make proteins
transport water
11
Which nutrient cycle is most affected by overuse of ammonia fertilizers?
water
Phosphorus
carbon
Nitrogen
12
If scientists want to determine how closely related two species are which data is most accurate
DNA's
homology
behaviors
niches
13
A benefit to species living alone is?
decreased competition
greater genetic variability
decreased space needs
increased survival rate
14
An example of geographical isolation is
river changing course
island attaching to a mainland
hurricane
forest fire
15
What property makes it possible for water to travel all the way up to leaves in a tree?
universal solvent
adhesion
polarity
capillary action
16
The water molecule is a polar molecule, that means
it formed near the poles
has a low heat capacity
sinks when frozen
it has an electric charge
17
What was the major contributor of oxygen to earth's early atmosphere?
respiration
decompositon
ozone breakdown
photosynthesis
18
When water freezes, its density
decreases
increases
increases greatly
stays the same
19
If two populations are reproductively isolated from each other, they will most likely exhibit..
guaranteed evolution into two different species
very few differences
different traits that allow survival in it's environment
increased rates of mutation
20
The tendency for one extreme phenotype such as large size to be favored over average is called?
natural selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
directional selection
21
What is an accurate description of the growth of a natural animal population?
it never changes
it is limited by environmental factors
it continues to grow indefinitely
it is genetically determined
22
Why are producers always found at the lowest trophic level?
producers convert light energy into chemical energy
producers are larger than consumers
producers are found in few numbers
consumers are eaten by a variety of producers
23
What is the source of nearly all the energy for producers and consumers?
sunlight
nitrogen
oxygen
plants
24
Why is Evolution considered a theory?
its ideas are supported by facts and inferences.
it is not proven
it cannot be tested
it is not accepted by the scientific community
25
The study of embryology suggests all the following EXCEPT...
there are very few differences btwn vertebrate development
there are gills and tails in all vertebrate embryos
there are significant differences among embryos
vertebrates have common ancestry
26
The type of organism responsible for "fixing" nitrogen into a form that is usable is...
animals
bacteria
plants
fungi
27
All organic molecules contain what element?
carbon
nitrogen
hydrogen
oxygen
28
Geologic Time Scales are reconstructed by...
comparing vestigial structures in living species
examining written records from past cultures
examining homologous structures in fossils
comparing homologous structures in living species
29
How do humans obtain fossil fuels?
pressure of the Earth transforms organic materials
fossil fuels are produced in the atmosphere
harvest it from the rainforest
develop them in factories
30
Which kingdom is MOST LIKELY to contain organisms that are decomposers?
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Animalia
31
Why are nonnative species a disturbance?
they increase mutations
they compete for resources
they cause increased biodiversity
they have special growth needs
32
In an ecosystem what is NOT density dependent?
competition
natural disaster
parasitism
predation
33
One parrot species feeds on insects in a tree and coexists with a parakeet eating seeds bc...
they occupy different communities
they occupy different niches
they occupy different habitats
they occupy different ecosystems
34
What is NOT a part of Darwin's original theory of evolution
organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce
all species overproduce to ensure survival
there is variation in all offspring
humans and apes evolved separately from monkeys
35
Oxygen, soil, water, and sunlight are examples of
physical
chemical
abiotic
biotic
36
A water molecule has ____ molecules of oxygen?
two
three
one
none of the above
37
The bones in the front limbs of many mammals are similar in structure. This is called...
homologous structures
analogous structures
vestigial structures
embyonic parallels
38
When plants produce a toxic sap to avoid predators but a bug adapts to the toxin... this is...
fundamental niche
realized niche
coevolution
commensalism
39
When water freezes, its volume
increases
decreases greatly
stays the same
decreases
40
Two similar species of frogs have their ranges overlap, they will remain separate species if...
have different markings
they occupy different burrows
eat different foods
reproduce at different times of the year
41
The size of a food web is limited by the number
top predator
detrivores
producers
carnivores
42
The range or area occupied by a population is called?
niche
ecosystem
carrying capacity
geographic distribution
43
Overuse of antibiotics have impacted natural selection by...
bacteria are now genetically isolated
all other genes have been eliminated
more offspring have been produced with the resistant trait
beneficial mutations have decreased
44
The specific heat of water is very high this means...
it freezes quickly
it heats up quickly
evaporates at high temps
it heats up slowly
45
The atmosphere is mostly made up of
water vapor
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Oxygen
46
Changes in DNA help drive
acquired traits
evolutionary change
amino acid coding
deamination events
47
Mites obtain food by eating dead skin cells and neither harm or help humans. This is an ex of..
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
evolution
48
Which part of the food chain has the least energy available to it for its life processes?
herbivore
producer
omnivore
carnivore
49
Cone bearing trees thrive in the ______________ biome.
tundra
deciduous
grassland
taiga
50
Ecologists represent the amount of potential food available for each trophic level with a(n)...
biomass pyramid
food web
energy flowchart
food chain
