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Genetic Technologies & Artificial Selection Flashcards | StudBud
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Genetic Technologies & Artificial Selection
Genetic Technologies & Artificial Selection
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1
how does the pairing of nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule make sure a replicated strand is the same as the original?
G only pairs with C & T only pairs with A
C only pairs with T & G only pairs with A
T only pairs with C & A only pairs with G
A only pairs with T & C only pairs with G
2
geneticists use a __________ to map the inheritance of particular traits
punnett square
pedigree
mutations
chromosome
3
which genotype is considered heterozygous
GG
none
Gg
gg
4
how were people able to shift the gene pool of a plant's population historically?
people selectively bred plants for desired traits
people bred plants with corn to change their traits using CRISPR editing
people genetically modified plants with desired traits
plants with desirable traits were eaten
5
all genetic mutations are harmful
False
True
6
breeding and caring for farm animals that have certain genetic traits that humans desire is called
consumer nature
animal husbandry
selective enhancement
genetic modification
7
genes are carried from parents to offspring on these structures
alleles
genotypes
phenotypes
chromosomes
8
chromosomes are long, thread-like structures of ________
genes
cells
proteins
DNA
9
which of the following statements is NOT true?
humans have selectively bred many different types of crops
corn we grow today has not changed since prehistoric times
it took many generations for corn plants to change
early humans planted seeds from plants with large kernals
10
a gene is a section of DNA within a chromosome that codes for a(n)
specific protein
double helix
ribosome
amino acid
11
A = brown fur & a = white fur-- what is the probability of a baby with white fur?
25%
75%
50%
100%
12
why is a disease more damaging to cloned crops
CRISPR gene editing complications
they all have the same genetic weaknesses
the DNA sequence is damaged
the risk of mutation is higher
13
choose the best ex. of a possible future technology that could eliminate sickle cell disease
the ability to replace all S alleles in human red blood cells
a genetically engineered virus that eliminates the sickle shaped cells
the ability to replace all S alleles in fertilized eggs
genetic screening which matches sickle cell carriers to people w/ AA gene
14
a _______ is an organism that has the same genes as the organism from which it was produced
clone
banana
crop
cell
15
_______ _______ occurs when humans breed only those organisms with desired traits to rpoduce the next generation
artifical selection
quality breeding
successful reproduction
natural selection
16
choose an advantage of genetic engineering
allows advancements in agriculture that help farmers earn a living
harmful to the environment
could potentially cause mutations in humans and animals
increases the ability to grow food with a growing population
17
humans have the ability to change traits of organisms over time. what is this process called?
c. gene therapy
b. artificial selection
a. selective breeding
both A & B
18
the process where scientists & breeders have influenced the traits that other organisms inherit
selective breeding
artifical selection
artifical intelligence
natural selection
19
an organism's phenotype is the way it's __________ is expressed
allele
DNA
genotype
chromosome
20
after WWII, chickens were bred to grow much more quickly & to produce more meat. what is this an example of?
food security
cloning
quality assurance
selective breeding
21
choose an disadvantage of genetic engineering
harmful to the environment
increases the ability to grow food with a growing population
allows advancements in agriculture that help farmers earn a living
could potentially cause mutations in humans and animals
22
in _______ _______, DNA itself is used to help fight certain diseases.
artificial selection
genetic modification
gene therapy
selective breeding
23
which process results in the formation of sex cells?
mitosis
transfer
meiosis
crossing over
24
which of the following statements is true regarding selective breeding?
produces changes in genes
only works on animals
it only works on plants
all of the above
25
a female human has...
one Y chromosome
one X chromosome
two Y chromosomes
two X chromosomes
26
genetic diseases are caused by
X chromosomes
modified cells
mutations
plasmids
27
each body cell in a black bear has 74 chromosomes. how many chromosomes would be in the bears sex cells?
74
1/2
26
37
28
this process involves changing a gene to treat a medical disorder
genetic mutation
genetic modification
gene therapy
gene editing
29
proteins are long chain molecules made of
nitrogen bases
amino acids
organisms
chromosomes
