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Psych 202 Exam 3
An example of confirmation bias is...
What is cognition?
Psych 202 Exam 3
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1
What is cognition?
Perception, knowledge, and problem solving
Judgement, language, and memory
All the above is part of cognition
Thinking
2
An example of confirmation bias is...
your FB feed where the news article support your views
a person who is miserable but still tries to smile
refusing to be persuaded by views do not match your own
someone who deliberately answers a questionnaire falsely
3
What is the proper order of Sigmund Freud’s stages of Psychosexual Development?
genital, phallic, latent, anal, oral
latent, anal, oral, phallic, genital
phallic, oral, anal, genital, latent
oral, anal, phallic, latent, genital
4
Accommodation is to ___ as assimilation is to ___.
adding; changing
Erikson; Piaget
changing; adding
Piaget; Erikson
5
What is reaction formation?
Transferring inappropriate urges or behaviors onto a more acceptable target
Reducing anxiety by adopting beliefs contrary to your own beliefs
Suppressing painful memories or thoughts
Returning to coping strategies for less mature stages of development
6
What is egocentrism?
The inability to perceive others as important
These are all parts of egocetrism
The inability to take the perspective of another
Referencing the self prior to thinking about others
7
The defense mechanism of denial is..
Justifying behavior
Suppressing painful memories and thoughts
Accepting your past
Refusing to accept real events because they're unpleasant
8
What is the Oedipus and Electra complex?
Conscious sexual desire for the parent, opposite sex.
Unconscious sexual desire for the parent, opposite sex.
Unconscious sexual desire for the parent,same sex.
Conscious sexual desire for the parent, same sex.
9
Children that can perform mathematical operations & understand transformations are in what Piaget stage?
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
None of the above
10
What are concepts?
Categories of linguistic information, images, ideas or memories
Categories of specific details
A model of a specific idea
Not of the above
11
What is Convergent Thinking?
a fixation on a certain concept
Ability to see various uses of a certain object
ability to think creatively
ability to give the "correct" answer to standard questions
12
what are gross-motor skills?
Skills that are gross
Skills you develops in the preoperational stage
Skills that deal with smaller muscles
Skills that deal with larger muscles
13
What is an algorithm?
The number of pixels in an inch
A rule of thumb or mental shortcut
A way to solve a problem where you guess and if wrong, keep guessing
A problem solving formula that provides step by step instructions
14
What is hindsight bias?
the opinion
After the test,Cindy said "B is the answer"
I-knew-it-all-along, I know all the answers
believe after learning outcome,that you would've foreseen it
15
Internal or External Locus of Control? See quote in picture
Internal
External
Both
Neither
16
What is #1?
Id
Superego
Ego
17
In adolescence, children face the task of _________ vs _________.
Autonomy; shame/doub
Industry; inferiority
Trust; mistrust
Identity; confusion
18
_________ refers to the long-standing traits & patterns that propel people to think, feel, & behave in specific ways.
Development
Intelligence
Broccoli
Personality
19
What is functional fixedness?
Favoring information that confirms your beliefs
a tendency to view objects as only working in a certain way
A tendency to approach situations the same way
presentation of a fact framed from a particular perspective
20
What is Syntax?
The study of how syllables make up words.
The meaning of a sentence
A tax payable for sentences that are incomprehensible.
How we combine words into sentences.
21
Reaction formation - when a person confronted with anxiety swaps acceptable urges or behaviors for their opposite
True
False
22
What did Piaget use to test for egocentrism?
the 3-mountains test
the hiding of a toy behind a blanket
object permanence
conservation
23
What does cognitive empathy refer to?
The ability to take perspective of others.
The ability to feel concern for others.
Theory-of-mind
All of the above
24
What is attachment?
a long lasting, meaningful tie to a particular person
a short term tie o a person
none of these
a brief encounter with a person
25
What is a schema?
a social construct created to relate information together
a mental construct consisting of a cluster of related concepts
a self-identity construct
a funny word
26
What stage of Psychosexual development ranges from birth to 12 months?
Oral Stage
Genital Stage
Anal Stage
Phallic Stage
27
What is a morpheme?
most basic unit of speech
most basic unit of speech used in a sentence
most basic unit of speech that has meaning
Symbol for letter sounds
28
Who proposed eight stages of psychosocial development?
Mary Ainsworth
Jean Piaget
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
29
What are fine-motor skills?
Skills that deal with smaller muscles
Skills that deal with larger muscles
Skills that develop in the concrete operational stage
Skills that deal with paying fines
30
Sublimation is redirecting acceptable desires through socially acceptable channels.
False
True
31
According to Erikson ________ is the basis of our development during infancy.
Trust
Food
Water
Relationships
32
What was a main distinction between Erik Erikson's theory of development and Sigmund Freud's?
Erikson believed personality develops throughout the lifetime
Erikson believed personality is fixed early in life
Erikson identified 5 stages of development
Erikson's theory emphasized sex
33
Trust vs. Mistrust occurs when?
Birth to One Year
6 to ll
Preschool Years
Early Childhood
34
Behaviorists believe in biological determinism.
False
True
35
What is a phoneme?
the letter or letters that represent a sound
a meaning piece of a word
the sound each individual letter makes
the smallest unit of sound in a word
36
What is a representative sample?
A random subset of the population
A subset of the population accurately represents the general population
A double-blind subset of the population
A single-blind subset of the population
37
What is #3?
Ego
Id
Superego
38
What is a prototype?
an representation of an idea in a category
an abstract representation of all category member
representative category members
something new that is being tested
39
Freud viewed development as discontinuous and through stages , what is his theory of development?
psychosocial
psychosexual
psychomotor
psychoanalytical
40
Children who use parents as a secure base from which to explore are said to have .....
Pentagon Complex
Indecisive Attachment
Secure Attachment
Oedipus Complex
41
________ ___________ is a set of behaviors that can feel like a routine.
Neither
Cognitive script
Event Schema
Both
42
What is cognitive psychology the study of?
behavior and what causes it
large groups rather than individuals
individuals rather than large groups
the mind and how we think
43
During Piaget's concrete operational stage children are capable of what?
Thinking logically about concrete events
All the above
To think about moral reasoning at an adult level
Can think about abstract concepts
44
What is #2?
Id
Superego
Ego
45
What are the 3 stages of Moral Development?
Cosmic, Good, Bad
Right, Wrong, Values
Obedience, Punishment, Law and Order
Pre-conventional, Conventional, Post-conventional
46
What was one of Alfred Adler's contributions to the field of psychology?
The creation of the mistrust complex
The creation of the oediupus complex
The creation of the electra complex
The creation of the inferiority complex
