Intro to Geology Pretest

Question 1

What was the main reason why the continental drift hypothesis wasn't widely accepted?

Accepted Answer

There was no explanation of how the continents moved.

Question 2

Which unit of geologic time is the smallest?

Accepted Answer

Age

Question 3

Why is geology important to humans?

Accepted Answer

Understanding the impacts of Earth's processes, Information about resources, Knowledge about natural hazards, Determines where to build

Question 4

What does the Nebular Theory explain?

Accepted Answer

The origin and formation of the Solar System.

Question 5

Select the correct order of Earth layers, starting from the surface.

Accepted Answer

Crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, inner core

Question 6

Which object contains the most mass in the Solar System?

Accepted Answer

The Sun

Question 7

What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere?

Accepted Answer

The asthenosphere is less rigid.

Question 8

Which of the following plate boundary types creates volcanic arcs?

Accepted Answer

Convergent

Question 9

What causes the material inside the Earth to move?

Accepted Answer

Convection

Question 10

New seafloor is created at

Accepted Answer

Mid-ocean ridges

Question 11

Who proposed the Seafloor-Spreading hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Harry Hess

Question 12

The widely accepted age of the Earth is

Accepted Answer

4.6 billion years

Question 13

Which Earth layer is rich in SiO2?

Accepted Answer

Crust

Question 14

What are the two most abundant elements in nebula (gas clouds) in the universe?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen and helium

Question 15

Do transform boundaries create or destroy the lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

Neither

Question 16

From oldest to youngest, list the four main Eras

Accepted Answer

Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

Question 17

Which layer in the Earth is most similar to the composition of granite?

Accepted Answer

Continental Crust

Question 18

Which plate is denser: Continental or oceanic crust?

Accepted Answer

Oceanic Crust

Question 19

What are the most prominent features of the ocean floor?

Accepted Answer

Mid-ocean ridges

Question 20

How many major plates are there and which one is the largest?

Accepted Answer

7, Pacific plate

Question 21

What natural philosophy states that the Earth was formed and shaped by sudden events?

Accepted Answer

Catastrophism

Question 22

What is the origin of the heat from Earth's interior?

Accepted Answer

Radioactive decay

Question 23

Who coined the statement, "the present is the key to the past"?

Accepted Answer

Hutton

Question 24

What element is the most abundant in the Earth crust by weight?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 25

What do paleomagnetic records show?

Accepted Answer

Earth’s magnetic field reversals, Polar wandering

Question 26

What is the Law of Superposition?

Accepted Answer

Youngest rock is on top and oldest layer is on the bottom.

Question 27

What is a hot spot?

Accepted Answer

They are typically located far from any plate boundary., Corresponds with volcanic activity and are long-lasting., Isolated heat originating from the mantle/core boundary., They are relatively stationary.

Intro to Geology Pretest

Questions 27

Intro to Geology Pretest

Questions 27