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AP Euro (Chapter 17 Enlightenment) Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Euro (Chapter 17 Enlightenment)
AP Euro (Chapter 17 Enlightenment)
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AP Euro quiz on the Enlightenment. #Spielvogel
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1
Montesquieu's Persian Letters
allowed him to criticize the Catholic Church and monarchy.
was a translation of a great literary work from Persia.
was published first in Italy.
expressed admiration of Islam and the East.
2
The Jews of 18th century Europe
were assimilated into French society.
were most persecuted in France and Poland.
were most free in participating n banking in tolerant cities
were restricted to ghettos in all European states.
3
The philosopher who proclaimed the motto of the E as "Dare to know!"
Immanuel Kant
Voltaire
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Denis Diderot
4
Issac Newton and John Locke
claimed math and science could cure evils of society.
provided inspiration for the E through their work.
created two antagonistic religious systems of thought.
had little influence on the later Enlightenment.
5
18th century writers used this new form of literary expression to attack hypocrisies of the era
autobiography.
novels.
epic poetry.
short stories.
6
The Rococo artists Antoine Watteau emphasized
the desperate poverty of cities.
the majesty of French kings.
the simplicity of rural life.
the pleasure and joy of aristocratic life.
7
European intellectual life in the 18th century was marked by
mockery of past traditions.
pessimism about human progress.
search to find natural laws governing human life.
growing anti-Semitism.
8
Adam Smith believed that government
should encourage people to share and help each other.
should not interfere in people's economic decisions.
set prices across the board to maintain stability.
is not necessary and should be eliminated.
9
According to "The Social Contract," the "general will" was
derived from the law of supply and demand.
a meaningless abstraction and impediment to reason.
a social consensus to which the individual must bow.
a license to do as one pleased.
10
The scientist-philosopher link between the scientists of the 17th century and thinkers of E.
Denis Diderot
Voltaire
David Hume
Bernard de Fontenelle
11
A cheap and popular alcoholic drink in 18th century England was
wine.
beer.
whiskey.
gin.
12
The belief in natural laws underlying all areas of human life led to
the emergence of the "science of man."
formation of agnostic religious movements.
intellectual stagnation.
scientific theism.
13
A less brutal approach to justice and punishment in the 18th century is associated with
Diderot
Voltaire
Hume
Beccaria
14
Baroque-Rococo artistic style of the 18th century was
confined to France.
evident in the masterpieces of Balthasar Neumann.
more severe and mathematical than the Baroque.
Expressed in architectural works of Baron d'holbach.
15
The recognized capital of the Enlightenment was
Paris.
London.
Vienna.
Berlin.
16
The 18th century composer who composed the opera, "The Marriage of Figaro" was
Mozart.
Bach.
Handel.
Beethoven.
17
An early female philosophe who published a translation of Newton's Principe
Mary Wollstonecraft.
Marie Antoinette.
Marquise du Chatelet.
Mary Astell.
18
Voltaire was best known for his criticism of
religious intolerance.
the German monarchical system.
Plato and the Greeks.
the separation of church and state.
19
Writer who argued in A Serious Proposal to the Ladies that women should become better educated
Anne Stuart
Maria Cavendish
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Astell
20
The growth of reading and publishing in the 18th century was aided by
state investments in free books.
private tutors.
magazines for the general public.
libraries.
21
Enligthenment thinkers can be understood as secularists because...
of their application of the scientific method to human life.
of their rational dismantling of all churches.
they encouraged state control of all forms of education.
of their efforts at the reform of justice.
22
In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu argued that the best political system is one where
the nobility is uninvolved.
power is divided between the three branches of government.
the king exercises absolute and unlimited power.
legislature exercises absolute and unlimited power.
23
Rousseau's influential novel, "Emile," deals with these key Enlightenment theses:
the best roles for women in society.
the evils of child abuse.
necessity of church marriage and reform.
proper child rearing and human education.
24
The author of The Progress of the Human Mind and who became a victim of the French Rev was
Quesnay.
Condorcet.
Danton.
Arouet.
25
John Lock's tabula rasa refers to
the temple of reason.
the image of God.
a heart of love.
a blank mind.
26
Carnival was celebrated in the weeks leading up to
Easter.
Pentecost.
Christmas.
Lent.
27
The leader of the Physiocrats and their advocacy of natural economic laws was
Denis Diderot.
David Hume.
François Quesnay.
Adam Smith.
28
European music in the later 18th century is best associated with
the strictly elitist, aristocratic works of Haydn.
Handel, the most religiously inspired of the composers.
The innovative, secular compositions of Bach.
Haydn and Mozart, who shifted the musical center to Germany.
29
The French philosophes
did not want to spread the E to other disciples.
supported state censorship.
flourished with government support.
were thinkers who meant to change the world through reason.
30
In 18th century Europe, churches, both Catholic and Protestant
were legally separated from any state/government connections
had not changed much in two centuries.
declined in numbers and influence.
still played a major role in social and spiritual areas.
31
High culture in the 18th century was characterized by the
enormous impact of the publishing industry.
decline of French as an international language.
complete freedom of the press.
increased dependency of authors on wealthy patrons.
32
The works of Fontanelle
discourage amateur conversations about science.
portray churches as allies of scientific progress.
popularize a growing skepticism towards claims of religion.
question the ability of women to comprehend science
33
The strongest statement and vindication of women's rights during the Enlightenment was made by
Mary Wollstonecraft.
Beatrice Williams.
Mary Astell.
Maria Cavendish.
34
According to Rousseau, the source of inequality and the chief cause of crimes was
marriage.
scientific experimentation.
religion.
private property.
35
Published travel accounts of different cultures
Saw the origin of the idea of the "noble savage."
led to the development of cultural relativism.
presented an image of "natural man."
all of the above.
36
The French painter whose work represented the continuing appeal of Neoclassicism was
Rembrandt
Blather Neumann
Jacques-Louis David
Antoine Watteau
37
Deism if the belief that
religion is diary tales to frighten the superstitious.
God created the universe but does not actively run it.
praying matters.
if God exists, he has no interest in the world.
38
The religious movement known as Methodism
was critical of emotional mysticism and religious enthusiasm
became a separate/independent sect from the Anglican Church
was founded by Nikolaus Zinzendorf.
was particularly popular in the Holy Roman Empire.
39
Johann Sebastian Bach
was the major Catholic composer of the 17th century.
became a close confidant of Voltaire.
produced religious music as a way to worship God.
was best known for his cantatas and motets.
40
Who said that individuals will forced to be free if they did not obey the general will?
Denis Diderot
Voltaire
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Francois Quesnay
41
The Encyclopedia
was a 28-volume compilation of articles of philosophers.
failed to become popular because of its price.
Was a major tool in the attack on Enlightenment ideas.
subsidized by the French government.
42
Voltaire was the author of
JOE DIRT IS KING
All of the above.
The plays (Edie and Henriade).
Treatise on Toleration.
43
The purpose of Diderot's Encyclopedia, according to him, was to
change the general way of thinking.
dispute the claims of science.
usher in God's kingdom on earth.
get the uneducated masses to respect authority.
44
The French philosophers mostly included people from
clergy and nobility.
nobility and the middle class.
the universities.
lower class and lower middle class.
45
Which of the following statements about salons is NOT true?
Salons were gatherings were advanced ideas were discussed.
reputation of salon depended on the men able to attend.
Salons were shunned by aristocrats and government officials.
as hostesses, women were able to influence artistic taste.