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History Study Guide parts C and D
Adam Smith was an advocate of
The Social Contract included...
History Study Guide parts C and D
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1
The Social Contract included...
Rousseau concept that a society agrees to be governed by its general will
belief that the sun is the center of the universe
elegant drawing rooms where people gather to discuss ideas
a restriction formed to enforce international law
2
Adam Smith was an advocate of
Shifting of wealth from a rich minority to a poor majority
The government should leave the economy alone
social contracts as a way to limit powers of the govt
Govt where power is shared by national govt and state govt
3
Bacon’s inductive reasoning led to...
The study of the origin of words
system of thought based on belief that reason is key source of knowledge
Scientists should make systematic observations & experiments to test ideas
the investigation of what distinguishes belief from opinion
4
When did the American Revolution take place?
1775-1783
1492-1602
1750-1850
1789-1799
5
The Industrial Revolution took place...
1775-1783
1492-1602
1789-1799
1750-1850
6
The scientific revolution took place
1543-1700
1765-1783
1756-1763
1534-1711
7
Many discoveries credited to Europeans of the SciRev were based on earlier ideas from Asia, Middle east, Greece & Egypt
False
True
8
The Haitian Revolution resulted in...
France freeing its slaves
Involving Britain and Spain in the war as well
Haiti becoming an independent nation
The first Black-led govt outside Africa
9
How was the government divided at the beginning of the French Revolution?
National Consulate and Monarchy
Clergy, Nobles and Commoners
Absolutist Monarchy and a group of delegates from estates that never met
King, Military and parliament
10
The Industrial Revolution led to limiting child labor?
False
True
11
Which of the following were causes of the American Revolution?
All
the refusal to allow colonists to serve in parliaments
the stamp act
the intolerable acts
12
Ingredients for revolution include which of the following?
Huge divisions between classes
slavery and colonialism
Changing patterns in production and distribution around the world
enlightenment ideas
13
Which Revolutions were impacted by the actions of Napoleon Bonaparte?
French, Haitian, Latin American
Haitian, Latin American, American
Latin American, American, Haitian
American, French, Haitian
14
Imperialism is:
a political philosophy based on tradition and stability
unique cultural identity of a people based on language religion or symbols
Political idea saying that people should be as free as possible from govt
Policy where a strong nation attempts to make an empire with weaker nations
15
Montesquieu’s separation of powers
the shifting of wealth from a rich minority to a poor majority
Govt where legis, execut, and jud control each other with checks & balances
Set of rigid categories that determined a persons occupation
a restriction formed to enforce international law
16
How did the Seven Years war contribute to the American Revolution?
French had lost a lot of territory around the world & supported colonist
All
native Americans had lost a lot of territory
Great Britain was in terrible debt and wanted the colonist to pay for it
17
One of Descartes’s most important contributions to the Scientific Revolution is
The Laws of Motion
The Theories of General and Special Relativity
Explaining the importance of doubt and reason in proving knowledge
Geometry
18
Laissez-faire and free trade refer to
idea that govt should leave the economy alone
Shifting of wealth from a rich minority to a poor majority
Govt where power is shared by national govt and state govt
Govt where legis, execut, and jud control each other with checks & balances
19
The Declaration at Pillnitz warned the French Revolutionaries of the possibility of the War of the First Coalition.
False
True
20
Montesquieu’s three branches of government have what functions?
elect leaders, tell leaders what to do, hold leaders accountable
make laws, apply laws and enforce laws
to force people to adhere to the social contract
All
21
Voltaire argued for civil liberties, including freedom of...
All
Trade and speech
Choice and votes
Religion and press
22
What technology vastly improved transportation in the Industrial Revolution?
The Guillotine
The Spinning Jenny
The Steam Engine
The Steam Locomotive
23
Thomas Hobbes believed that absolute monarchs would ensure that people were kept safe from human nature.
True
False
24
Agricultural raw materials of the new world produced by slaves were:
Cotton
Tobacco
Coffee
Sugar
25
What percent of enslaved Africans went to North America?
5
90
48
75
26
Enlightenment ideas empowering individuals were seen as threatening to many in the Catholic church.
False
True
27
On which side of the Seven Years (French and Indian) War did Native Americans fight?
Great Britain
Both
Colonists
28
For what period of time did the Transatlantic Slave Trade last?
about 130 years
about 430 years
about 230 years
about 330 years
29
The Catholic Church was related to revolutions both in France and in the Americas.
True
False
30
Which European empire had the greatest area of land in colonies?
Britain
Portugal
France
Spain
31
Which of the following were causes of the French Revolution?
The Seven Years War and the huge taxes levied on the Third Estate
Blue and Yellow only
Intolerable acts and the refusal to allow colonists to serve in parliament
The shortage of food
32
What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Lack of skilled labor
child labor
Urbanization
poverty and disease
33
What were the peak years of Transatlantic Slave Trade?
1700s-1800s
1500s-1600s
1400s-1500s
1600s-1700s
34
Socialism is...
None
system where workers own the factory and the profits support their families
System where military owns factories and profits support the generals
System where the govt owns factories and profits support the workers
35
What percent of enslaved Africans went to Brazil?
90
41
75
48
36
What ideas came together to form our modern scientific method?
none
Descartes support of reason in exploring ideas & bacon inductive reasoning
Rousseau's concept that a society agrees to be governed by its general will
Copernicus belief that the sun was the center of the universe & Boyle law
37
The first industry to grow exponentially with the industrial revolution was:
Farming
Textiles
Communication
Transportation
38
The consequences of imperialism include:
development of militarism to increase protection of the empire
unification of rival groups with an attempt to impose stability
disruption of traditional political units
Building tensions among European powers
39
What European countries claimed colonies in Africa in the 1800s?
Portugal, Spain, Netherlands, France
France, Great Britain, Portugal, Netherlands
France, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany
France, Portugal, Spain, Great Britain
40
Countries that industrialized soon applied their ingenuity to the production of weapons.
False
True
41
The Scientific Revolution included advancements in the specific disciplines of:
astronomy and optical magnification
All
Biology and chemistry
Physics and mathematics
42
Brazil gained its independence from?
Spain
Germany
Portugal
France
43
The items traded from Europe to Africa on the triangular trade route were:
enslaved people
Guns and gunpowder, textiles and fabric
cotton, sugar, tobacco, and coffee
spices and gold
44
How many enslaved Africans were sold into the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
1.8 million
6.5 million
12.5 million
650,000
45
What did Mary Wollstonecraft argue for in the Enlightenment?
All
woman's right to work
Woman's right to education
woman's right to vote
46
Why did Galileo, Kepler, and Newton’s study of the movements of planets make such an important impact on science?
it provided and understanding of geometry and trigonometry
It led to development of laws of gravity and motion
It led Copernicus to assert the theory of Heliocentrism
It led the Catholic church to state support for Deism
47
Which Revolution involved other nations beyond its main two combatants (fighting sides)?
All
Haitian
French
American
48
The most important invention of the Industrial Revolution was...
The Steam Engine
The Spinning Jenny
The Power Loom
The Guillotine
49
Which European empire disappeared with the rise of Napoleon in Europe?
Ottoman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Spanish Empire
50
What spurred the perceived need for African slaves in the new world?
diminishing raw materials in europe
the massive death of native American enslaved people from European diseases
diseases the availability of skilled enslaved Africans in africa
the high price for pleasure products in Europe
51
One of Newton’s most important contributions to the Scientific Revolution is...
Geometry
The Theories of General and Special Relativity
The Laws of Motion
the invention of the first telescope
52
Which Revolution began with a slave revolt?
American
Haitian
Brazilian
French
53
How was society in Latin America divided before the revolutions?
First Estate, Second Estate and Third Estate
Peninsulares, Creoles, Native peoples, Enslaved peoples
Grand Blancs, Petit Blancs, Creoles, Free people of Color
Nobles, Merchants, Artisans, Peasants, and serfs
54
While the ______________________empires lost power in the 1800s, the ________________________empires gained power
Spainsh, Holy Roman, and Ottoman / Belgian, French, British
Japanese, Napoleonic, British / Italian, Portuguese, Gran Colombia
First Estate, Second Estate, Third Estate / Peninsulares, Grand Blancs
55
Enlightenment ideas were spread by...
Vernacular literature
All
salons
Printed materials
56
Enlightenment thinkers commonly failed to address the rights and duties of people of lower status in societies
False
True
57
The Enlightenment took place mostly in the...
1700s
1600s
1800s
1500s
58
British colonists in the American Revolution received financial support for the war from France and Spain.
False
True
59
Both British colonists in North America and National Assembly of France wrote a declaration of rights to their monarch
False
True
60
The Middle Passage was...
the voyage around the tip of Africa, completed by Diaz
the voyage that transported enslaved people to the Americas
Blue and yellow only
the voyage across the Atlantic ocean, from Africa to the Americas
61
Both the Brazilian and the Haitian revolutions were partly responses to the actions of what leader in Europe?
Catherine the Great
Martin Luther
Napoleon Bonaparte
Pope Benedict IV
62
Which places the following Revolutions in the correct chronological order?
French, American, Haitian, Latin American
Haitian, French, American, Latin American
American, French, Haitian, Latin American
American, Latin American, French, Haitian
63
John Locke advocated for:
Natural rights, including life, Liberty, and property
freedom of trade, speech and religion
a replacement of the govt if it doesn't protect peoples rights
Red and blue only
64
What led to depopulation in Africa as a result of the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
warring states in Africa
All
Malnutrition and famine due to loss of agricultural workers
loss of people of reproductive age
65
Most women were excluded from scientific pursuits during the Scientific Revolution in Europe
False
True
66
Which of the following was NOT an impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade on Africa?
growth of commitment to traditional cultural practices and beliefs
depletion of natural resources such as gold, diamonds, and ivory
depopulation due to famine
loss of traditional government and economic structure
67
Descartes’s ideas were important because they developed
the theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience
The study of the origin of words
system of thought based on belief that reason is key source of knowledge
the investigation of what distinguishes belief from opinion
68
Scientific claims are only supported by evidence claim testers.
False
True
69
What percent of enslaved Africans went to Caribbean islands?
75
5
90
48
70
Almost every British colony in North America selected ____________ to send to Philadelphia to respond to King George III
boycotts
governors
delegates
militias
71
What is a nation-state?
a country governed by a dictator
sovereign state whose citizens are similar in factors such as language
a single unit of a larger, centralized political empire
a state governed by a democracy
72
Montesquieu’s three branches of government are:
First Estate, Second Estate, Third Estate
The people, the courts, and the monarchy
House, Senate and supreme court
Legislative, Judicial and Executive
73
In Latin American Revolutions, Simon Bolivar sought to:
Gain independence from Napoleon
Gain independence from Portugal
free the slaves
unite former Spanish colonies into a larger south American nation
74
What changed with the Industrial Revolution?
Transition from an agrarian economy to an industrial economy
Rapid urbanization
Loss of skilled labor
An increased demand for coal and iron
75
In the Mexican Revolution, who was the leader who eventually brought about independence from Spain?
Padre Morelos
General Iturbide
Napoleon Bonaparte
Padre Hidalgo
76
How many enslaved Africans died on the voyage across the Atlantic Ocean?
90% - 11.25 million
41% - 5 million
75% - 9.4 million
14% - 1.8 million
77
Colonies of industrialized empires were used for the production & extraction of raw materials needed in production
True
False
78
The Catholic church was in full support of the Scientific Revolution?
True
False
79
Why did the British impose so many taxes on their colonists in North America?
All
it was an absolutist monarchy and the king was showing his power
to help pay off Britain tremendous war debt
they need to fund the colonial government
