Unit 2 Psychology

The independent variable in an experiment is

the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it

observing or recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation

Correlation does not equal causation

In a study of the effects of alcohol on driving ability, the control group should be given

a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion

a statistical index of the relationship between two things (from -1 to +1)

Al is going to investigate how alcohol affects aggression. The number of alcoholic drinks the subject has is called

Anything that could cause a change in B, that is not A is a confounding variable.

In an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable

the arithmetic average of a distribution

The post-experimental explanation of a study, including its purpose and any deceptions, to its participants

a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score

A statement of procedures used to define research variables.

the most frequently occurring scores in a distribution

involved instructing subjects to administer electric shocks to a study confederate in response to poor performance

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution

A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other

an ethical principle that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate

A factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment

A testable prediction, often implied by a theory

the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it

the perception of a relationship where none exists

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicate the weakest relationships between 2 variables