What is the main critique of both optimistic and pessimistic views of technology’s impact on media and society?

Overemphasize the role of technology as the primary driver of social change

What does “dominant design” refer to in the context of technological change?

The most widely accepted technological standard during uncertain change

What shift in advertising occurred due to rising disposable income among working-class consumers?

Advertising increasingly emphasized symbolic value over use value

What best characterizes the "one-to-many, one-way" nature of mass media?

Identical message broadcast to a passive audience

What is media stigmatisation?

Amplifying stereotypes and ‘othering’ minority groups

What is the key idea behind “simulated identities”?

Online personas are fluid and symbol-based

What is a key threat posed by digital platforms to traditional media companies?

Loss of traditional media’s gatekeeping power over content and audiences

What was one of the main criticisms of the neo-liberal support for cultural industries in the 1990s?

It enabled oligopolies to dominate under the guise of promoting creativity

Why are alliances and networked structures useful for media companies in the digital age?

They provide access to new competencies, markets, and technologies

What best characterizes a mature media market before the rise of digitisation in the 1990s?

Strong competition, slow growth, and high barriers to entry

What is "hyper-personalisation" in media?

Tailoring media to specific individual interests and media usage patterns

What is an example of "unbundling" in the media value chain?

Format producers focusing only on concept development for shows

What is a central critique of AI’s role in media production?

AI regurgitates pre-existing content and limits cultural innovation

What was a major economic consequence of the Long Downturn for Western capitalist states?

Government deregulation and weakened labour unions

What is one key societal shift triggered by the invention of the modern printing press in 1450?

The empowerment of the public through accessible printed material

What is the consequence of stereotyped media representations on minority audiences?

Alienation and search for oppositional media content

What is a primary advantage of horizontal mergers across sectors (e.g. print to radio)?

Facilitate media synergy by promoting across different media formats

What belief does the term cultural exception refer to?

Cultural goods are unique and require protection from free market forces

What concern is central to the theory of cultural imperialism in the context of media globalization?

The risk of Western media products dominating global markets and values

What does the concept of “convergence” in media industries refer to?

The fusion of content, computing, and channels

Which of the following illustrates the concept of a dual-product market in media?

News site producing articles and selling audience attention to advertisers

What is a key critique of "positive" representations of minority groups in media?

They risk promoting assimilation and tokenism

Why are media products referred to as "experiential goods"?

Their value can only be assessed after consumption

What is the main goal of “Public Service Broadcasting” (PSB) systems?

Educate, inform, and unify the public through non-commercial content

What is a key feature of native advertising?

It mimics the surrounding content to appear organic

Which of the following is not one of the three primary revenue sources for media companies?

Government funding for media and culture

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Panic Session TML

30 termsStudBud Administration27 plays

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Questions 30

Answers

1
What is the main critique of both optimistic and pessimistic views of technology’s impact on media and society?
View media as a reflection rather than a force in society
Overemphasize the role of technology as the primary driver of social change
The rise of technology has not led to large changes in society
Ignore user engagement metrics
2
What does “dominant design” refer to in the context of technological change?
The design chosen and approved by regulatory authorities
The most widely accepted technological standard during uncertain change
The first version of an innovation adopted by a few companies
The best-performing version of new technology
3
Which term describes media-created realities detached from actual life?
Intersectionality
Neo-liberal reality
Hyperreality
Pastiche
4
What shift in advertising occurred due to rising disposable income among working-class consumers?
Advertising increasingly emphasized symbolic value over use value
Ads began emphasizing product functionality
More text-based advertisements were used instead of image-based
Media limited advertising to elite audiences
5
What best characterizes the "one-to-many, one-way" nature of mass media?
Personalized content recommendations
Collaborative storytelling among users
Identical message broadcast to a passive audience
Interactive, user-generated communication
6
What is media stigmatisation?
Promoting underrepresented minority voices
Amplifying stereotypes and ‘othering’ minority groups
Systemic overlooking of class differences in media
Problematic positive representation of minority groups
7
What is the key idea behind “simulated identities”?
Online personas are fluid and symbol-based
Identities are fixed and stable
Media has limited effect on identity
Online identities are an extension of real-life identity
8
What is a key threat posed by digital platforms to traditional media companies?
Rise of print journalism as a preferred medium
Loss of traditional media’s gatekeeping power over content and audiences
Greater transparency in audience metrics
Declining consumer demand for video content
9
What was one of the main criticisms of the neo-liberal support for cultural industries in the 1990s?
It discouraged copyright protection and media ownership
It reduced media access in developing countries
It caused a creative boom in public broadcasting
It enabled oligopolies to dominate under the guise of promoting creativity
10
Why are alliances and networked structures useful for media companies in the digital age?
They help avoid legal obligations related to copyright
They provide access to new competencies, markets, and technologies
They eliminate the need for internal business development
They allow media firms to prevent competing altogether
11
What best characterizes a mature media market before the rise of digitisation in the 1990s?
High user interactivity and decentralized control
Strong competition, slow growth, and high barriers to entry
Equal opportunities for new market entrants
Rapid user growth and platform diversification
12
What is "hyper-personalisation" in media?
Eliminating consumer choices due to algorithms
Reducing algorithm use and allowing greater consumer control
Mass production of identical content for many people
Tailoring media to specific individual interests and media usage patterns
13
What is an example of "unbundling" in the media value chain?
Streaming platforms launching their own app stores
Format producers focusing only on concept development for shows
Consumers opting out of bundled cable TV packages
A TV broadcaster producing and airing all its own content
14
Which type of innovation involves a simple technology paired with a new business model, creating a new market?
Architectural
Radical
Routine
Disruptive
15
What is a central critique of AI’s role in media production?
AI-generated content contributes to cultural originality
AI systems are too unpredictable for commercial viability
AI is incapable of imitating human's authentic emotional expression
AI regurgitates pre-existing content and limits cultural innovation
16
What was a major economic consequence of the Long Downturn for Western capitalist states?
Rising production in domestic agriculture and manufacturing
Government deregulation and weakened labour unions
Expanded welfare programs and labour rights
Increased public funding for journalism
17
What is one key societal shift triggered by the invention of the modern printing press in 1450?
A decrease in literacy due to printed misinformation
The decline of democratic institutions
The empowerment of the public through accessible printed material
A transition from oral to digital storytelling
18
What is the consequence of stereotyped media representations on minority audiences?
Neutral reception due to familiarity
Alienation and search for oppositional media content
Minority audiences forced to relate to characters from dominant majority
Improved self-esteem and representation
19
What is a primary advantage of horizontal mergers across sectors (e.g. print to radio)?
Increased control over media product due to vertical integration
They increase employee diversity in media firms
Facilitate media synergy by promoting across different media formats
They reduce the cost of producing high-quality journalism
20
Which advertising frame uses emotional appeals to individual personality and fulfillment?
Idolatry
Iconography
Totemism
Narcissism
21
What belief does the term cultural exception refer to?
Local, non-Western cultures should be exempt from Hollywood copyright law
Cultural diversity of media products should be preserved
Cultural products should be freely traded like any other commodity
Cultural goods are unique and require protection from free market forces
22
What concern is central to the theory of cultural imperialism in the context of media globalization?
The decline of user-generated content in Western media
Local cultures gaining dominance over Western media
The risk of Western media products dominating global markets and values
Cultural hybridity promoting too much ideological diversity
23
What does the concept of “convergence” in media industries refer to?
The fusion of content, computing, and channels
The collapse of all media companies into a monopoly
The creation of media franchises based on audience feedback
The blending of fiction and reality in modern media
24
Which of the following illustrates the concept of a dual-product market in media?
A podcast offering premium content to subscribers
A YouTube creator selling merchandise
A streaming platform offering exclusive content
News site producing articles and selling audience attention to advertisers
25
What is a key critique of "positive" representations of minority groups in media?
They risk promoting assimilation and tokenism
A voyeuristic lens may be applied
The dominant majority may be represented through a negative lens
Negative pre-existing stereotypes may be further reinforced
26
Why are media products referred to as "experiential goods"?
Their value increases over time
Tangible and easy to evaluate beforehand
They hold material worth and resale value
Their value can only be assessed after consumption
27
What media milestone contributed to the homogenization of audiences by enabling near-instant information transfer?
Phonograph
Telegraph
Internet
Film
28
What is the main goal of “Public Service Broadcasting” (PSB) systems?
Generate the highest ratings possible for entertainment shows
Ensure all programming aligns with political ideologies
Educate, inform, and unify the public through non-commercial content
Replace commercial platforms with fully state-run channels
29
What is a key feature of native advertising?
It is always clearly labeled and regulated due to disclosure laws
The product is integrated into film/TV without any disclosures
The influencer integrates the product seamlessly into the ad
It mimics the surrounding content to appear organic
30
Which of the following is not one of the three primary revenue sources for media companies?
Government funding for media and culture
Advertising revenue
Direct user payments
Rights and royalties

Panic Session TML Flashcards | StudBud