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Holt Earth Science Weather & Climate
Holt Earth Science Weather & Climate
103 terms
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An #Earth #Science #Quiz! to review for #Holt Earth Science Chapter 21 and Chapter 22 TEst
Flashcards
103 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
103
Answers
1
Cold air masses come from where?
polar areas
equatorial areas
tropical areas
temperate areas
2
This instrument measures wind speed.
Anemometer
Wind Vane
Barometer
Thermistor
3
A
of low press. char. by rot. winds that move tow. the rising air of the cntrl low press. reg.
polar front
midlatitude cyclone
waves
wave cylcones
4
This is a ptrn. of mtrlgcl symb. that rep. weather at a part. obsrv. statn. rec. on a wthr map.
a station model
the station weather
the station forecast
a station report
5
What climate is found in the southeastern US?
mediterranean
steppe
humid continental
humid subtropical
6
The polar tundra climate zone is characterized by which of these? [more than 1 answer]
nine months of temps below freezing
treeless plains
high winds
little or no life
7
This scale categorizes a hurricane based on its cent. press., wind speed, and storm surge.
Simple-Simpson Scale
Saffir-Simpson Scale
Bart-Simpson Scale
Safe and Simpson Scale
8
A forecast the predicts weather for the next 48 hours is called what?
Nowcasts
Medium-Range Forecast
Long-Range Forecast
Daily Forecast
9
There is a general, worldwide movement of air from where?
the poles to the equator
the Southern Hemisphere to the Northern Hemisphere
the Northern Hemisphere to Southern Hemisphere
the equator to the poles
10
This helps us to determine the direction of the wind.
Thermistor
Wind Vane
Barometer
Anemometer
11
Temperature and wind patterns are determined by what?
time of year
longitude
latitude
solar energy
12
The average weather conditions for an area over a long period of time are known as what?
weather
climate
extended-forecast
perusual
13
A thermal resistor that measures temperature and responds quickly to temperature changes.
Thermistor
Thermometer
Electrical Thermometer
Anemometer
14
Strong updrafts stop air currents from rising, & the storm dies out when H
2
0 vapor decreases[2]
dissipating stage
mature stage
third stage of a thunderstorm
second stage of a thunderstorm
15
Char. by high temps & heavy precip. during @ least part of the year - near equatorial reg.
tropical savanna
tropical climate
tropical desert
tropical steppe
16
When two unlike air masses meet, what usually separates them?
differences in pressure
temperature differences
moisture differences
differences in density
17
When the front edge of a moving mass of cold air pushes beneath a warmer air mass like a wedge.
occluded front
stationary front
cold front
warm front
18
Has average temps @ or below freezing; typical of polar regions
subartic climate
polar icecap climate
polar cliamte
tundra climate
19
Which Mid-Lat climate zone has low. annual temp range & an annual precip of 60-150 cm.?
humid subtropical climate
marine west coast climate
humid continental climate
mediterranean climate
20
Scientists can study the amt of
13
C &
18
O in ______ to uncover evid. of past hurr. & El Ninos.
ice cores
sea-floor sediment
fossils
speleotherms
21
Another name for the equatorial belt of low pressure is what?
Dolbase
Doldruds
Dolsnares
Doldrums
22
Dur. a hurr., lg. amnts of ___________ are released, which inc. the strength of the rising air.
latent heat
storm surge
spiral bands
water vapor
23
Heat absorption and release & these 2 other factors have the grtst inf. on both temp. & precip.
latitude and topography
location and latitude
season and location
season and topography
24
Which front is made up of air masses that move very slowly OR not at all
occluded front
cold front
warm front
stationary front
25
A usually brief, heavy storm that consists of rain, strong winds, lightning, and thunder
Flood
Thunderstorm
Summer rain storm
Deluge
26
A warm, dry wind that forms as part of a rain shadow on the eastern slope of the Rockies
Rockemsockem
Denver High
Coorselation
Chinook
27
When tree rings are ________, it indicates that the weather was cool and the precipitation low.
thin
splotchy
thick
chunky
28
The surface features of land are called what?
totography
tobography
topography
tomography
29
Closely spaced lines of atmospheric pressure indicate high wind speeds and what else?
a gradual change in pressure
no change in pressure
wet weather
a rapid change in pressure
30
This tropical sub-climate is char. by wet summers/dry winters , w/ annual rainfall 50 cm.
tropical rain-forest
tropical steppe
tropical desert
tropical savanna
31
If you add the high and low temperatures of the day and divide by two, you will have what?
the average monthly temperature range
the average daily temperature range
the average weekly temperature range
the average hourly temperature range
32
These forecasts use radar & enable forecasters to time precipitation and track severe weather.
Prontocasts
Nowcasts
Soonerthanlatercasts
Imminentcasts
33
Computer-generated climate models that simulate changes in only variable are called what?
CGCM's (Computer-generated Climate Models)
GCM's (General Circulation Models)
GMTC's (General Models of Theorized Climate)
VVSCM's (Variable versus Constant Models)
34
Data that weather stations collect are transferred where?
onto weather maps
onto weather satellites
to weather instruments
to weather stations
35
Scientists can learn how animals adapted to changing climates by studying what?
sea-floor sediment
fossils
GSM's
speleotherms
36
The air in this sinks and flows outward from a center of high pressure, unlike the midlatcycl.
anticyclone
wave cylcones
midlatitude cyclone
polar front
37
The warm-water phase of ENSO that affects weather patterns when surface-water temps bec. warm.
monsoon
La Nina
El Nino
cyclone
38
What climate is found in the northeastern US?
mediterranean
humid subtropical
stepp
humid continental
39
Which Mid-Lat climate zone has a lg. annual temp range & an annual precip greater than 75 cm.?
humid subtropical climate
mediterranean climate
marine west coast climate
humid continental climate
40
Winds increase toward the calm, clear center of a hurrican and may reach speeds of 275 km/hr.
brain
eye
nose
ear
41
A process that affects climate on both sides of the mountain.
topographic hindering
rain shadow
mountain uplifting
upslope shadow
42
This tropical sub-climate is char. by warm & dry temps, w/ annual rainfall less than 25 cm.
tropical rain-forest
tropical steppe
tropical desert
tropical savanna
43
This is the dry wind that flows down the slopes of the Alps.
Gretel's Gust
Fayn
Alpetian Gust
Foehn
44
The region along this line receives more solar energy than polar regions do.
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricorn
International Date Line
Equator
45
What climate is found along the coast of central and southern California?
humid subtropical
steppe
humid continental
mediterranean
46
These are lines that connect points of equal temperature on a weather map.
thermal lines
isolines
isobars
isotherms
47
Condensation cont. as cloud rises & becomes a cumulonimbus, which could lead to rain & hail.[2]
mature stage
cumulonimbus stage
second stage of a thunderstorm
third stage of a thunderstorm
48
High levels of
18
O in _________ indicate that water was cool in the past.
fossils
ice cores
speleotherms
sea-floor sediment
49
Which Mid-Lat climate zone has low. annual temp range & an annual precip about 40 cm.?
steppe climate
humid continental climate
humid subtropical climate
mediterranean climate
50
When electricity is discharged from a cloud, it is called what?
thunder
lightning
a thunderstorm
heat lightning
51
These are created by differences in air pressure at various locations on Earth.
band patterns
pulse patterns
wind patterns
wave patterns
52
This tropical sub-climate is char. by warm & humid temps, w/ annual rainfall 200 cm.
tropical steppe
tropical savanna
tropical rain-forest
tropical desert
53
The polar icecaps sub-climate zone is characterized by which of these? [more than 1 answer]
little or no life
year-round below freezing temps
treeless plains
high winds
54
If a decrease in CO
2
was found in a(n) ____________, it would indicate an ice age in the past.
fossil
sea-floor sediment
ice core
speleotherm
55
When air moves, it moves from . . .?
areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure
areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
west to east
east to west
56
What are air masses called that form over the ocean?
wet
maritime
continental
oceanic
57
When a cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass and lifts it [wam] up and over another air mass.
cold front
stationary front
occluded front
warm front
58
Bends that form in a stationary/cold front at the beg. of low-pressure storm centers are called
polar front
midlatitude cyclone
wave cylcones
waves
59
The boundary where cold polar air meets a tropical air mass of the mid. lats., over the ocean.
anticyclone
wave cylcones
midlatitude cyclone
polar front
60
When heated equatorial air rises, it creates a center of what?
Low pressure
No pressure
Under pressure
High pressure
61
The condition of the atmosphere at any given time is called what?
weather
climate
confusing
critical
62
When weather is predicted over monthly and seasonal periods, these are called what?
It's Anybody's Guess Forecast
Long-Range Forecasts
Seasonal Forecasts
Extended Forecasts
63
This region btwn the 20 & 30 deg. lat. is where air sinks, warms, & decreases in rel. humidity.
mega convergence zone
doldrums
subtropical highs
subtropical lows
64
In the middle latitudes, warm tropical air meets cold polar air, leading to belts of what?
lower precipitation
no precipitation
greater precipitation
average precipitation
65
These are lines on a weather map that connect points of equal atmospheric pressure.
pressure lines
isobars
isotherms
isopressures
66
These are issued when severe weather has been spotted or expected within 24 hours.
Watches
Alerts
Bulletins
Warnings
67
Air masses are classified according to their what?
source region
destination region
polar region
tropical region
68
When weather is predicted accurately 3 to 5 days ahead, this is called what kind of forecast?
Medium-range Forecasts
Long-Range Forecasts
Future Forecasts
Extended Forecasts
69
The cool-water phase of ENSO that affects weather patterns
ENSO
La Nina
cyclone
monsoon
70
Because cool air is dense, it forms regions of what kind of pressure?
high
under
steady
low
71
It is imp. to consider what else beyond avg. temp. and precipitation when describing a climate?
local weather conditions
seasonal averages
yearly fluctuations in temperature and precipitation
differences between the highest and lowest monthly averages
72
This polar sub-climate has avg. temps below 0 deg C; and low annual precipitation.
polar icecap climate
tundra climate
subartic climate
polar cliamte
73
This measures temperature, and is often in the form of a sealed glass tube filled with mercury.
Thermometor
Thermistor
Barometer
Anemometer
74
Isobars that form circles on a weather map are marked with an H or L and stand for what?
high humidity and low humidity
heat and light
high pressure and low pressure
high temperature and low temperature
75
When warm, moist air rises, and water vapor condenses to form a cumulus cloud, is called? [2]
second stage of a thunderstorm
cumulus stage
first stage of a thunderstorm
mature stage
76
Sev. storm that dev. ovr trop. ocns, winds=120 km/hr, sprl in tow. the intns. low-press. cntr.
storm surge
eye
hurricane
tornado
77
This polar sub-climate zone has avg. temps below 4 deg. C & ann. precip of 25 cm.
tundra climate
subartic climate
polar icecap climate
polar cliamte
78
Which Mid-Lat climate zone has a lg. annual temp range & an annual precip of 75-165 cm.?
marine west coast climate
humid subtropical climate
humid continental climate
mediterranean climate
79
The most dangerous part of a hurricane=rising sea levels and large waves, which is called what?
storm tsunami
storm pressure
storm surge
storm central
80
These are issued when the conditions are ideal for severe weather.
Watches
Bulletins
Alerts
Warnings
81
When the front edge of an advancing warm air mass replaces colder air with warmer air.
occluded front
warm front
stationary front
cold front
82
This polar sub-climate has lrgst. annual temp range, with annual precipitation of 25-50 cm.
polar cliamte
polar icecap climate
subartic climate
tundra climate
83
What do meteorologists use to communicate data on a weather map so it is understood by all?
words and numbers
symbols and colors
symbols and letters
words and colors
84
What can one use to describe precipitation?
monthly and yearly averages
monthly averages
monthly and yearly averages and ranges
yearly averages and ranges
85
Which Mid-Lat climate zone has lg. ann. temp range & ann. precip less than 40 cm.?
humid subtropical climate
humid continental climate
marine west coast climate
steppe climate
86
Avg. max. temp below 18 dg. C. in coldest mo. & avg. min temp above 10 dg. C in warmest. mo.
equatorial climate
middle-latitude climate
polar climate
tropical climate
87
These forecasts predict weather anywhere from 3 to 7 days ahead.
Futurecasts
Medium-Range Forecasts
Long-Range Forecasts
Extended Forecasts
88
An instrument that measures and indicates temperature using an electric current.
Thermistor
Anemometer
Thermometer
Electrical Thermometer
89
What are air masses called that form over the land?
wet
continental
grounded
maritime
90
The polar sub-arctic sub-climate zone is characterized by which of these? [more than 1 answer]
cool summers
evergreen trees
high winds
long, cold winters
91
The boundary that forms between two air masses when they meet is called a
front.
midlatitude.
storm line.
squall line.
92
Warm air masses come from where?
polar areas
tropical areas
arctic areas
temperate areas
93
In the high pressure areas above 60 deg. lat., air masses are dry & cold, and avg. precip. is?
non-existent
medium
high
low
94
This is a cycle of changing wind and water-current patterns in the Pacific Ocean.
cyclone
El Nino
El Nino-Southern Oscillation
La Nina
95
The Pacific Northwest of the US has what type of climate?
steppe
mediterranean
marine west coast
humid continental
96
This seasonal wind blows tow. land in the summer bringing heavy rains, & in winter dry weather.
monsoon
ENSO
cyclone
La Nina
97
In a fully developed hurricane, these ____ spiral upward around the center of the storm.
cumulonimbus cloud bands
heavy winds
high pressure centers
eye walls
98
What's the name of the instrument that measures atmospheric pressure?
anemometer
thermistor
barometer
thermometor
99
What climate is found in the Great Plains of the US?
humid subtropical
steppe
humid continental
mediterranean
100
Differences in ___________ are caused by the unequal heating of the Earth's surface.
equatorial flow
latitude lines
wind patterns
air pressure
101
Climates are chiefly determined by using what two things?
average wind velocity and precipitation
average temperature and precipitation
average temperature and average humidity
average wind velocity and humidity
102
These are low-pressure storm centers, which are a.k.a. midlatitude cyclones.
wave cylcones
midlatitude cyclone
waves
polar front
103
When cold air near the poles sinks, it creates centers of what?
High mass
High and Nigh
High velocity
High pressure
