Why are laser printers preferred for office document printing?

They are faster and cost-effective for bulk printing

What is the purpose of defragmentation software for HDDs?

To rearrange the sectors and reduce fragmentation for faster data access

What is a drawback of LCD projectors compared to DLP projectors?

Their screens degrade over time

How is data stored and accessed on a Hard Disk Drive (HDD)?

Data is stored in sectors and tracks,but sectors may not always be adjacent

What is latency in the context of HDD data access?

The time it takes for a block of data to rotate under the read-write head

Which best describes the difference between primary memory and secondary storage?

Primary memory is directly accessed by the CPU, secondary storage is not

During the decode stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, what does the Control Unit (CU) do?

Decodes the instruction and determines what action the CPU should take

Stores the address where the next instruction to be read can be found

Which of the following is a characteristic of SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) architecture?

It uses flip-flops to store data

What is a key difference between Blu-ray, DVD, and CD?

Blu-ray has the highest storage capacity, followed by DVD, then CD

In airports, how are 2D scanners used to compare passport images and a passenger’s face?

By comparing key facial features using face recognition software

Why is the Address Bus unidirectional?

It only carries memory addresses from CPU to memory or I/O devices

What is the purpose of the fetch-decode-execute cycle in a CPU?

To retrieve, interpret, and execute instructions

How does an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) convert light into a digital signal?

Uses a photodiode to detect light intensity and converts it into binary

Current Instruction Register (CIR)

Temporary stores instruction currently being decoded or executed by the CPU

What is a drawback of using embedded systems?

They can be difficult to update once deployed

What is the difference between 2D and 3D scanners in practical use?

2D scanners capture flat images, while 3D scanners capture depth and shape

What is a common injury associated with frequent use of keyboards, and how can it be reduced?

Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI), can be reduced by using ergonomic keyboards

What is one disadvantage of using a multi-core processor, even though it can improve overall performance?

Applications are not optimised for multi-core use, leading to inefficiency

Which of the following is true about virtual keyboards?

Virtual keyboards are often used on mobile phones and tablets

What does a higher clock speed allow the CPU to do?

Execute more instructions per second, improving processing speed

How is data stored on a CD or DVD?

In pits and lands on the spiral track

What is a key advantage of using a multi-core processor in a computer system?

It allows simultaneous execution of multiple tasks, improving performance

Which of the following is true about SRAM compared to DRAM?

SRAM is faster but more expensive than DRAM

Memory Data Register (MDR)

Stores data which has just been read from memory

A part of the instruction that specifies the data to be operated on

Why do OLED screens have better contrast than LCD screens?

They emit light directly without a backlight

What is a specific risk associated with increasing the clock speed of a CPU?

Overheating, potentially causing hardware damage

How does a keyboard convert a pressed key into a character that the computer can interpret?

The circuit completes, and the CPU uses an index to identify the character

What is the purpose of data redundancy in cloud storage?

To ensure data is backed up on multiple servers for reliability

How do 3D scanners create a digital image of a solid object?

By capturing images at several points along the x, y, and z coordinates

What is the purpose of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software in scanning documents?

To convert scanned images into editable text files

Why is data retention in an SSD considered non-volatile?

Due to the dielectric coating, the floating gate retains the charge

What is an instruction set?

The set of all machine code instructions that a processor can execute

What is the main function of the Control Bus in the von Neumann architecture?

Manages data flow and coordinates system operations

What happens during the execute stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle?

The instruction is executed, possibly involving the ALU or memory

What is a key difference between internal and external storage?

Internal storage is inside the system, while external storage is removable

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Review Part 2

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Questions 68

Answers

1
Why are laser printers preferred for office document printing?
They are smaller and more portable
They use liquid ink for vivid colors
They require less maintenance than inkjet printers
They are faster and cost-effective for bulk printing
2
What is the purpose of defragmentation software for HDDs?
To rearrange the sectors and reduce fragmentation for faster data access
To prevent the data from being corrupted by moving it to a different sector
To improve the speed of the USB ports connected to the HDD
To increase the number of sectors available for data storage
3
Which of the following is an example of external storage?
RAM module
USB flash drive
HDD inside a desktop
SSD inside a laptop
4
What is a drawback of LCD projectors compared to DLP projectors?
Their screens degrade over time
They are heavier and bulkier
They produce sharper images
They are less energy efficient
5
How is data stored and accessed on a Hard Disk Drive (HDD)?
Data is stored in sectors and tracks,but sectors may not always be adjacent
Data is stored in sequential blocks across all sectors and tracks
Data is stored in a single track and accessed sequentially
Data is stored in the central area of the disk,and all sectors are adjacent
6
What is latency in the context of HDD data access?
The time it takes for the hard drive to power on
The time it takes for a block of data to rotate under the read-write head
The time it takes for data to be transferred from RAM to the HDD
The speed at which the read-write head moves across the disk
7
Which best describes the difference between primary memory and secondary storage?
Secondary storage is faster than primary memory
Primary memory is permanent, while secondary storage is temporary
Primary memory is always external and secondary storage is always internal
Primary memory is directly accessed by the CPU, secondary storage is not
8
Which of the following is directly executed by the CPU?
Machine code
High-level programming languages
Assembly language
Low-level programming languages
9
An embedded system is a specialised computer designed to perform a dedicated function within a larger system.
True
False
10
During the decode stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, what does the Control Unit (CU) do?
Fetches the instruction from memory
Executes the instruction
Updates the Program Counter
Decodes the instruction and determines what action the CPU should take
11
Program Counter (PC)
Stores the address of the memory location currently being read from
Stores data which has just been read from memory
Temporary stores instruction currently being decoded or executed by the CPU
Stores the address where the next instruction to be read can be found
12
Which of the following is a characteristic of SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) architecture?
It requires constant refreshing to retain data
It uses capacitors to store data
It uses flip-flops to store data
It is slower than DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
13
What is a key difference between Blu-ray, DVD, and CD?
Blu-ray and DVD cannot store video files
Blu-ray has the highest storage capacity, followed by DVD, then CD
DVD and Blu-ray use the same storage technology
CD has the highest storage capacity, followed by Blu-ray, then DVD
14
In airports, how are 2D scanners used to compare passport images and a passenger’s face?
By matching the passport image to a 3D scan of the face
By converting the passport image to a text format
By using OCR software to store the text in a database
By comparing key facial features using face recognition software
15
Why is the Address Bus unidirectional?
It transfers data both ways between CPU and memory
It manages the execution of instructions
It only sends addresses from memory to the CPU
It only carries memory addresses from CPU to memory or I/O devices
16
The three large squares in a QR code help the scanner determine its position, orientation, rotation, and alignment.
False
True
17
What is the purpose of the fetch-decode-execute cycle in a CPU?
To retrieve, interpret, and execute instructions
To manage peripheral devices
To transfer data between CPU and memory
To store data in memory
18
How does an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) convert light into a digital signal?
Uses a photodiode to detect light intensity and converts it into binary
Captures an image and converts it into digital code
Filters light through lenses and transmits it as an analog wave
Amplifies the light signal and sends it to the CPU
19
Which of these is an example of internal secondary storage?
SSD
DVD
RAM
USB flash drive
20
Current Instruction Register (CIR)
Stores the address of the memory location currently being read from
Stores data which has just been read from memory
Stores the address where the next instruction to be read can be found
Temporary stores instruction currently being decoded or executed by the CPU
21
What is a drawback of using embedded systems?
They are highly customizable for all applications
They consume less power than general systems
They can be difficult to update once deployed
They are more expensive to develop than general-purpose computers
22
What is a key disadvantage of LED screens compared to LCD screens?
Shorter lifespan
Higher power consumption
Poorer colour accuracy
Higher cost
23
What is the difference between 2D and 3D scanners in practical use?
2D scanners capture depth information, while 3D scanners do not
3D scanners are less accurate than 2D scanners
2D scanners capture flat images, while 3D scanners capture depth and shape
2D scanners are used for models, while 3D scanners are used for documents
24
What is a common injury associated with frequent use of keyboards, and how can it be reduced?
Headaches, which can be reduced by taking frequent breaks from screen time
Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI), can be reduced by using ergonomic keyboards
Back pain, which can be reduced by sitting with a straight posture
Eye strain, which can be reduced by using larger fonts
25
What is one disadvantage of using a multi-core processor, even though it can improve overall performance?
It consumes more power and generates more heat compared to single-core
It decreases system memory capacity
Applications are not optimised for multi-core use, leading to inefficiency
It makes data transfer between cores slower
26
Which of the following is not an embedded system?
Digital camera
Microwave oven
Toaster
Washing machine
27
Which of the following is true about virtual keyboards?
Virtual keyboards are always physical devices
Virtual keyboards are only used on desktop computers
Virtual keyboards are often used on mobile phones and tablets
Virtual keyboards require a USB connection to work
28
What does a higher clock speed allow the CPU to do?
Transfer more bits of data between the CPU and memory
Reduce the amount of data processed per cycle
Execute more instructions per second, improving processing speed
Increase the overall system storage capacity
29
How is data stored on a CD or DVD?
In sectors divided by the disk’s outer layer
In pits and lands on the spiral track
In electronic memory cells on the disk
In magnetic fields on the disk surface
30
What is a key advantage of using a multi-core processor in a computer system?
It reduces the need for external cooling systems
It increases clock speed by distributing tasks across cores
It allows simultaneous execution of multiple tasks, improving performance
It allows the computer to store more data in RAM
31
Which of the following is true about SRAM compared to DRAM?
SRAM is slower but cheaper than DRAM
SRAM is faster but more expensive than DRAM
DRAM uses flip-flops, while SRAM uses capacitors
DRAM does not need to be refreshed, but SRAM does
32
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Stores the address where the next instruction to be read can be found
Stores the address of the memory location currently being read from
Stores data which has just been read from memory
Temporary stores instruction currently being decoded or executed by the CPU
33
The ALU is used in every run of the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle.
False
True
34
What is an operand?
A part of the instruction that specifies the data to be operated on
The set of all programs that a processor can execute
A part of the instruction that specifies the operation to be performed
The set of all machine code instructions that a processor can execute
35
Why do OLED screens have better contrast than LCD screens?
They use LED backlighting for brighter images
They use a powerful backlight
They emit light directly without a backlight
They twist liquid crystals to control light
36
What is a specific risk associated with increasing the clock speed of a CPU?
Reduced storage capacity
Decreased power consumption
Increased data transfer speed
Overheating, potentially causing hardware damage
37
How does a keyboard convert a pressed key into a character that the computer can interpret?
The key press creates a sound signal which is interpreted by the CPU
The key generates a magnetic field which the computer recognizes
The key press sends a visual signal to the monitor
The circuit completes, and the CPU uses an index to identify the character
38
What is the purpose of data redundancy in cloud storage?
To limit the number of servers used for storing data
To ensure data is backed up on multiple servers for reliability
To reduce the amount of data stored in the cloud
To increase the security of data by storing it in a single location
39
Which is NOT a type of touch screen?
Optical
Infrared
Capacitive
Resistive
40
Which is an advantage of DLP projectors over LCD projectors?
Longer lifespan of panels
Higher contrast ratios
Better colour saturation
More efficient energy use
41
Which scanning method is typically used for barcodes but not for QR codes?
Infrared scanning
Laser scanning
Optical character recognition
Image recognition
42
How do 3D scanners create a digital image of a solid object?
By scanning the object in two coordinates only
By converting scanned images into JPEG files
By capturing images at several points along the x, y, and z coordinates
By using magnetic fields to detect the object’s shape
43
Increasing the number of cores in a processor is directly proportional to an increase in performance.
True
False
44
What is the purpose of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software in scanning documents?
To create 3D models from scanned documents
To print scanned documents directly
To convert scanned images into editable text files
To scan and save images in JPEG format
45
Why is data retention in an SSD considered non-volatile?
SSDs use magnetic fields to store data that does not fade
Due to the dielectric coating, the floating gate retains the charge
Because the control gate transistor stores data when it is charged
The data is stored in a battery that powers the SSD
46
What is an instruction set?
A part of the instruction that specifies the operation to be performed
The set of all machine code instructions that a processor can execute
A part of the instruction that specifies the data to be operated on
The set of all programs that a processor can execute
47
To execute an instruction involving an opcode,operand, and instruction set, do you need a compiler or assembly language?
True
False
48
Blu-ray use red light to read and encode data
False
True
49
What is the main function of the Control Bus in the von Neumann architecture?
Stores instructions for execution
Manages data flow and coordinates system operations
Transfers actual data between CPU and memory
Carries memory addresses from CPU to memory
50
What happens during the execute stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle?
The instruction is executed, possibly involving the ALU or memory
The instruction is fetched from memory
The instruction is decoded and prepared for execution
The next instruction is prepared for fetching
51
What is a key difference between internal and external storage?
Internal storage is always faster than external storage
External storage is more expensive than internal storage
Internal storage is inside the system, while external storage is removable
External storage cannot store data permanently
52
Which of the following best describes the difference between embedded systems (ES) that need input and those that sense?
Systems that sense react to environmental changes without external input
Input systems need data entry, while sensing systems detect changes
Sensing systems cannot process input
Embedded systems that need input are used only for output purposes
53
Why do barcodes require a database for product identification?
They can’t store numerical data
Barcodes only store an ID, not full product details
They change dynamically
They have limited scanning range
54
In which stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle is the instruction retrieved from memory?
Fetch stage
Write stage
Decode stage
Execute stage
55
What is the main advantage of Solid State Drives (SSD) over Hard Disk Drives (HDD)?
SSDs have faster data access speeds because they have no moving parts
SSDs use magnetic properties for storing data, making them more reliable
SSDs are heavier than HDDs, making them better for laptops
SSDs require more power and produce more heat than HDDs
56
What is an opcode?
The set of all programs that a processor can execute
A part of the instruction that specifies the data to be operated on
The set of all machine code instructions that a processor can execute
A part of the instruction that specifies the operation to be performed
57
How does secondary storage provide data to the CPU?
Uses a separate processing unit to send data to the CPU
Requires RAM to temporarily store and transfer data to the CPU
Directly transfers data to the CPU
The CPU does not need secondary storage to function
58
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Stores the address where the next instruction to be read can be found
Stores the address of the memory location currently being read from
Temporary stores instruction currently being decoded or executed by the CPU
Stores data which has just been read from memory
59
Which of the following is an example of an embedded system?
Laptop
Smartphone
Desktop computer
Vending machine
60
What is the main purpose of virtual memory?
To act as temporary storage when RAM runs out of space
To increase CPU processing speed
To replace RAM in modern computers
To permanently store data when RAM is full
61
Which is a major drawback of cloud storage?
It cannot store large files
Data can be lost permanently if the device is damaged
It requires an internet connection to access files
It is not accessible on multiple devices
62
How does a wider bus width improve computer performance?
It increases the clock speed of the CPU
It transfers more bits of data simultaneously, improving data speed
It reduces power consumption by transferring data faster
It allows more instructions to be processed per second
63
Which of the following is a characteristic of DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) architecture?
It does not require a power supply to retain data
It uses flip-flops to store data
It requires constant refreshing to retain data
It is faster than SRAM
64
Which of the following is a low-level language used to directly interact with the hardware?
Low-level programming languages
Assembly language
Machine code
High-level programming languages
65
Why can QR codes store more data than traditional barcodes?
They use colour variations
They require internet access
They store data in binary format
They use both horizontal and vertical data encoding
66
What is a disadvantage of LCD screens compared to OLED screens?
Shorter lifespan
Higher power consumption
More expensive
Limited viewing angles and less vibrant colors
67
Which of the following is true about keyboards as input devices?
Keyboards are only used for desktop computers
Keyboards can be connected to devices using USB or wireless connections
Keyboards only function with wired connections on all devices
Keyboards are not commonly used on tablets and mobile phones
68
Which is an advantage of inkjet printers over laser printers?
Uses toner instead of liquid ink
Lower cost per page for bulk printing
Better colour accuracy for images
Faster printing speed

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