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Biology EOC Review Wells (2) Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology EOC Review Wells (2)
Biology EOC Review Wells (2)
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Additional ECO practice questions for Biology
Flashcards
97 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What type of macromolecule is pictured below?
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic Acid
2
Stem cell research has been a controversial subject in past years. What is the reason for this?
The cells cannot be isolated
Cells for study are often taken from human embryos
Stem cell techniques will not accomplish the intended purpose
Replacement tissue will never be grown from a person's own stem cells
3
Which of the following structures is found in
both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Lysosomes
Ribosomes
Mitochonria
Nucleus
4
Which structure is only found in eukaryotic cells?
DNA
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Nucleus
5
Below shows change in size of openings present in leaves due to the actions of cells X & Y, which help the plant to ___
Control water loss.
Detect changes in the biotic factors present in the environment.
Store excess heat during the day and remove the heat at night.
Absorb light energy necessary for cellular respiration.
6
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
Occurs only in cells in reproductive structures of organisms
It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord
It is the first stage of mitosis
It's carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement
7
What type of symbiotic relationship exists between a tree and a bird?
Predation
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism
8
The chart shows classification of 3 organisms. Some categories aren't shown. Which 2 organisms are
most closely
related?
Not enough information is given to answer the question.
B and C
C and A
A and B
9
Water molecules move up a tree by capillary action. Which property of water allows them to cling together?
Water molecules are polar molecules and attract each other.
Water molecules have covalent bonds between atoms.
Water molecules have an odd number of atoms.
Water molecules are small molecules.
10
Read the question below about enzymes, and choose the graph that best describes their relationship to energy.
A
C
B
D
11
After an initial infection, B-cells recognize the measles virus. How is this helpful in human immune response?
B-cells transfer recognition to T-cells which then devour the viruses
B-cells more quickly recognize/respond to any other virus invading the body
B-cells make antibodies quickly if the measles virus is encountered again
B-cells use recognition to defend the body against other types of pathogens
12
Look at the following genetic information and create a punnett square to answer the question.
50% Hh: 50% hh
0% Hh: 100% hh
75% Hh: 25% hh
100% Hh: 0% hh
13
Which macromolecule structure is shown below?
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
Protein
Lipid
14
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?
Parthenogenesis
Vegetative reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
15
How does the structure marked X on the diagram contribute to the survival of the plant?
Allows the intake of gases necessary for photosynthesis.
Allows the intake of minerals necessary for plant growth
Allows the intake of sunlight necessary for ATP production
Allows the intake of sugars necessary for plant reproduction
16
Body cells have a ___________ number of chromosomes, while gamete cells have a __________ number.
diploid, haploid
meiosis, mitosis
haploid, diploid
small, large
17
Which of the following is part of the cell theory?
All cells arise from carbon molecules.
All cells contain the same organelles.
All living things are made of one or more cells.
Cells are complex units of structure and function in organisms.
18
Glucose, Fructose, Lactose, Sucrose, and Cellulose are all examples of what? *End in "ose."
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Lipid
Carbohydrate
19
What is the monomer for DNA?
Amino acid
Nucleotide
Fatty acid
Protein
20
What is the name of this process?
Mitosis
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Meiosis
21
Which structure is found in
BOTH
plant and animal cells?
Large central vacuole
Chloroplast
Cell wall
Mitochondria
22
By what process do clouds form in the atmosphere?
Precipitation
Respiration
Condensation
Decomposition
23
A new predator of the Marmot is introduced, which population will most likely
increase
as a result?
Berries
Grizzly Bear
Grass
Chipmunk
24
Mutations within a DNA sequence are a ____
unnatural processes that are harmful to genetic diversity
natural processes that produce genetic diversity
unnatural processes that always affect the phenotype
natural processes that always affect the phenotype
25
What is one way in which photosynthesis and cellular respiration are different?
Photosynthesis stores energy; CR releases energy
CR produces oxygen; photosynthesis uses oxygen
CR stores ATP; photosynthesis releases ATP
Photosynthesis produces CO2; CR uses CO2
26
Glucose is not able to pass through a semi-permeable cell membrane. How does the sugar get into the cell for ATP?
Active transport using ATP and carrier proteins
Passive transport by diffusion
Passive transport by osmosis
Phagocytosis
27
In most organisms, the correct sequence of information transfer goes from ________
DNA to RNA to Protein
Protein to RNA to DNA
RNA to Protein to DNA
RNA to DNA to Protein
28
Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base for
RNA
?
Cytosine
Guanine
Adenine
Thymine
29
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks (monomer) of which organic compound?
Carbohydrate
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Lipid
30
Mitosis produces _________ cells, and meiosis produces __________ cells.
4 diploid; 2 haploid
4 diploid; 4 haploid
2 diploid; 4 haploid
2 haploid; 4 diploid
31
Any beneficial variation that can help an organism survive in its environment is called a(n):
Competition
Adaptation
Characteristic
Vestigial structure
32
Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this?
Water is a versatile solvent.
Water is an acid.
Water has a high heat capacity.
Water acts as a buffer.
33
If brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes, an individual with blue eyes would have what genotype?
Homozygous dominant
Homozygous
Homozygous recessive
Heterozygous
34
Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
Archaea
Only animal cells
Bacteria
Both plant and animal cells
35
DNA contains the genetic information to __________
Make proteins
Codes for traits
Direct cellular processes
All of the above
36
Water molecules having a slightly negative oxygen end and a slightly positive hydrogen end, describes __________.
High specific heat
Density
Cohesion
Polarity
37
A drought depletes water in a pond. What will happen to the carrying capacity of the pond?
Only water levels are affected
Decrease
Remain constant
Increase
38
Which is a
biotic
factor affecting this ecosystem?
pH of rain
Vegetation
Precipitation
Temperature
39
Darwin described how species change over time. Which is
NOT
part of his observations of mechanisms of natural selection?
Organisms with advantages will survive and reproduce
Organisms produce more offspring than can survive
Species descended with modifications from ancestral species
Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth
40
Read and answer the question below.
Digesting food quickly.
Transmitting nerve impulses.
Fighting disease.
Storing short-term energy to be converted to ATP.
41
What type of symbiotic relationship exists between a bee and a flower?
Mutualism
Commensalism
Predation
Parasitism
42
Which macromolecule transports materials, causes muscle contractions, and results from DNA translation?
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydates
Proteins
43
Which situation best describes mitosis?
Sperm being produced in the testes
An ovary producing an egg cell
An animal skin cell dividing
An egg and sperm meeting to make a zygote
44
In eukaryotes, aerobic respiration occurs in the ___
Lysosomes
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
45
One type of anaerobic respiration results in the production of _____
Nitrogen gas and ammonia
Pyruvic acid and glycerol
Water and oxygen
Alcohol and carbon dioxide
46
An activity that occurs in the human body is shown below. This activity helps to do which of the following?
Regulate production of ATP by the cell
Produce antibiotics to control disease
Eliminate harmful gene alterations
Provide protection against pathogens
47
In what way did gene therapy, the replacement of a faulty gene with a normal one, stimulate medical research?
New medications had to be developed and tested
The way in which DNA replicates had to be determined
The effects of viral DNA had to be studied
Genes on each chromosome had to be mapped and described
48
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the diagram?
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
49
Which macromolecule is responsible for long term energy storage, insolation, and is insoluable in water?
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
50
(Diagram: relationship between photosynthesis & CR). The boxes in the diagram represent which of the following?
1) nitrogen; 2) oxygen
1) oxygen; 2) carbon dioxide
1) water; 2) nitrogen
1) carbon dioxide; 2) water
51
When a solute does not dissolve into a solvent, it is said to be ___________.
Insoluble
Resistant
Soluble
Hydrophilic
52
Which of these best completes this concept map?
Plant Cell
Virus
Animal Cell
Prokaryotic Cell
53
If 100 offspring are produced, how many will have white flowers?
50
100
75
25
54
Disease destroys many berry bushes. What will happen to the grass and seed population when a producer disappears?
Increase
Decrease
Remain constant
Only affects the berries
55
Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?
Segregation of sister chromatids
Mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
Condensation and segregation of alleles
Crossing-over in which alleles are randomly exchanged
56
What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
The reaction rate will increase.
The reaction rate will decrease.
The reaction will stop.
The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained.
57
In cellular respiration, _________ is broken down to make energy for the cell.
Pizza
Oxygen
Glucose
ATP
58
A molecule moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration is called ____________.
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport
diffusion
59
What is an observable trend in the wolf and moose data between 1980 and 1995?
As the wolf population decreases, the moose population decreases.
The numbers of wolves and moose appear to be unrelated.
As the wolf population decreases, the moose population increases.
The numbers of wolves and moose are relatively constant.
60
A fire destroys the grass in a prairie. What happens to the amount of energy available for the consumers?
Decrease
Only affects producers
Stay the same
Increase
61
A plant is placed in a high solute concentration, what will happen to the plant cell?
Shrink
Stay the same
Swell
Nothing
62
There is an error in the DNA in which molecule?
Segment 1 only
Segment 3 only
Segment 2 and 3
There is no error
63
In mice,
short hair (H)
is dominant to
long hair (h)
. A mouse with the genotype Hh would have what type of hair?
Long hair
No hair
Medium hair
Short hair
64
Which of the following factors would most directly affect blood flow through the circulatory system?
Outside temperature
Blood pressure
Respiratory rate
Blood sugar
65
What is the main purpose of seeds in plants that have them?
To be fertilized by other plants.
To protect and distribute the zygote.
To entice animals to eat the plant.
To store water for the mother plant.
66
What type of symbiotic relationship exists between a tick and a dog?
Mutualism
Predation
Parasitism
Commensalism
67
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
Nucleus - storage of nutrients
Vacuole - cell division
Ribosome - protein synthesis
Mitochondrion - movement
68
Plant cells that are specialized for cell division (meristematic) are most likely found in what part of the plant?
Vascular tissue
Stem epidermis
Leaf epidermis
Root tips
69
In which structure of the female human reproductive system is the blastocyst implanted during normal human development?
Ovary
Fallopian tube
Oviduct
Uterus
70
Lactase, Lipase, and Amylase are all examples of _______. *End in "ase."
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
71
___________ bonds hold the base pair together in DNA.
Metallic
Hydrogen
Covalent
Ionic
72
What is the ratio of the dominant
phenotype
to the recessive phenotype?
4:0
3:1
0:4
2:2
73
What type of relationship exists between an owl and a field mouse?
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism
Predation
74
What property of the plasma membrane allows it to control what enters and leaves the cell?
Homeostasis
Transport protein
Selective permeability
Diffusion
75
The exchange of oxygen and CO
2
between internal leaf cells and the external environment will occur most efficiently if
these cells are dry and the stomata are open
these cells are moist and the stomata are closed
the surfaces of these cells are moist and the stomata are open
the surfaces of these cells are dry and the stomata are closed
76
What function does ATP carry out in living things?
Used to capture and transfer energy
Aids in protein folding and coiling
Helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
Identifies DNA start sequences for transcription
77
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph? (Graph shows CO
2
levels since 1880).
CO2 levels are responsible for global temperature change
CO2 levels have remained the same over the past century
CO2 levels have been rising at the same rate for 100 years
CO2 levels have risen at increasingly higher rates for 100 years
78
Photosynthesis takes place in the organelle called the ______ and is found in the __________.
Mitochondria; leaves
Cell membrane; petals
Chlorophyll; roots
Chloroplast; leaves
79
A mammal has 12 chromosomes in a
gamete cell
. How many are in a body cell of this mammal?
48
6
12
24
80
Which picture shows anaphase?
6
2
5
3
4
1
81
What is the process in which gametes
merge
to produce a complete set of chromosomes?
Meiosis
Halitosis
Fertilization
Mitosis
82
By what process is the carbon in fossil fuels released into the atmosphere?
Decomposition
Respiration
Erosion
Combustion
83
Which structure is only found in plant cells?
Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Nucleus
DNA
84
Which macromolecule stores genetic information in code?
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
85
Graph: results of the growth of 3 identical bacterial cultures incubated at different temps. What can be inferred?
Life activities in bacteria slow down at high temperatures.
Refrigeration will most likely slow the growth of these bacteria.
Temperature is unrelated to the reproductive rate of bacteria.
Bacteria cannot grow at a temperature of 5°C.
86
Most flowers have both male & female structures for reproduction. Which structure is represented by
A
in the diagram?
the pistil, a female structure; collects pollen and passes it to the ovary
the petals, decorative structures which attract pollinators
the sepal, a modified leaf used for protection of the flower
the stamen, a male structure which produces pollen
87
Cellular respiration is best described as a process by which ____
Necessary nutrients are circulated
Chemical energy is converted into a usable form
Hydrogen is used to synthesize glucose
Metabolic wastes are absorbed
88
If the
mRNA
strand was
AUC GAC
, what was the
DNA
strand it was coded from?
ATC GTC
TTG CUG
TAG CTG
UAG CTG
89
Which of the following conclusions is supported by the graph?
Protozoans reproduce more quickly in embanked ponds
Protozoans were more common in creek-fed ponds
Infection in creed-fed ponds remained constant
Infection in embanked ponds increased
90
What is the result of a change in the DNA sequence that affects the genetic code?
Codon
Mutation
Disease
No affect
91
Humans introduce an invasive species of birds. What is the
most
serious environmental concern?
Invasive birds may breed with native birds.
Native birds may introduce diseases to invasive birds.
Native birds may prey on invasive birds.
Invasive birds may outcompete native birds for habitat/food
92
Individuals with the best traits for their environment will survive and reproduce, passing those traits on. This is ____
Genetics
Anatomy
Biology
Natural selection
93
What macromolecule structure is pictured below?
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
94
Read the statement and look at the picture to answer the question below.
It provides information about the organisms' habitats
It shows possible common ancestry between organisms
It provides information to determine the organisms' ages
It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms
95
In asexual reproduction, bacteria has genetic material that is _________.
Identical to another parent
Not identical to that of the parent
Half identical to that of the parent
Identical to that of the parent
96
Which statement describes a component of the cell theory that was
removed
because of the new scientific knowledge?
All cells come from other preexisting cells
All living things are made of cells
Cells form through spontaneous generation
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life
97
Which of the following may affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
Oxygen