Alfred Adler believed that psychological issues stem primarily from:

Feelings of inferiority and striving for significance

According to William Glasser, the core needs in Reality Therapy include:

Power, love, freedom, fun, and survival

is the target of psychoanalytic intervention, thoughts, memories, & desires outside of conscious that influence behavior

According to Bowen’s Family Systems Theory, differentiation of self refers to:

The ability to remain emotionally separate from family influences

Reality Therapy emphasizes:

Focusing on the present and taking responsibility

Affirmative Therapy for LGBTQ+ clients:

Encourages self-acceptance and validation of identity

According to Bowen’s Family Systems Theory, differentiation of self refers to:

one's ability to separate their emotions from the family’s emotional system

The ABCDE Technique derives from _________ and the "D" stands for:

REBT; disputng irrational beliefs

In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), a therapist helping a client challenge their cognitive distortions is addressing:

Automatic negative thoughts that influence emotions and behavior

A key principle of Feminist Therapy is:

Power differentials in society contribute to mental health struggles

Which of the following is a key component of reality therapy?

Encouraging client's to take resposibility for their actions

A scaling question in Solution-Focused Therapy is used to

Determine the severity of a problem

Solution-Focused Therapy is best described as:

Future-focused and goal-directed

In what type of counseling would you ask clients to rate their commitment to or, confidence in their ability to, change

Both, Solution Focused Brief Therapy, Reality Therapy/Choice Theory

Adler believed that social interest is:

A fundamental component of psychological health

Narrative Therapy views problems as:

Embedded in social and cultural contexts

Albert Ellis, the founder of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, identified what as the cause of emotional distress?

Irrational beliefs and self-talk

Narrative Therapists Believe:

People construct meaning through their personal stories

Affirmative Therapy acknowledges the impacts of minority stress on mental health. Minority Stress is best defined as:

Stress created by discrimination, prejudice, or social exlcusions, specific stress endured by those holding marginalized identities

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) was originally developed to treat which condition?

Borderline Personality Disorder

In Solution-Focused Therapy, exception questions help clients:

Explore when their problem is absent or less severe

A key difference between REBT and CBT is:

REBT is more directive in challenging irrational beliefs

According to Existential Therapy, the four primary "givens" of existence are:

Death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness

The six core processes of ACT include all of the following EXCEPT:

Unconscious conflict resolution

Insecurely attached Individuals display....

preoccupation with relationships, seeking approval and fearing abandonment.

In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, counselors will explore __________ or the beliefs that influence emotion and behavior.

Cognitive Distortions, Private logic

Which of the following is a central goal of Adlerian therapy?

Encouraging social interest and community

In Affirmative Therapy, the therapist:

Helps LGBTQ+ clients navigate oppression and self-acceptance

ACT emphasizes the importance of:

Living in alignment with personal values despite discomfort

In Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), irrational beliefs are:

The root cause of psychological distress

In Structural Family Therapy, joining refers to:

The therapist becoming part of the family system to create change

In ACT, the term cognitive fusion refers to:

Over-identifying with one’s thoughts as absolute truths

In Existential Therapy, freedom and responsibility are viewed as:

A Source of anxiety but also personal growts

studbud

Theory 1

100 termsStudBud Administration

Adlerian, Psychoanalytic, Transactional Analysis, Behavioral, CBT, REBT, Narrative, Gestalt, Attachment, Reality, Existential

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
Alfred Adler believed that psychological issues stem primarily from:
A lack of self-actualization
Faulty reinforcement schedules
Early childhood sexual conflicts
Feelings of inferiority and striving for significance
2
According to William Glasser, the core needs in Reality Therapy include:
Power, love, freedom, fun, and survival
Love, money, security, and social status
Physiological needs, cognitive understanding, and spiritual growth
Safety, belonging, and self-actualization
3
The unconscious mind
is easily brought to light
is the target of psychoanalytic intervention
Memories that can be recalled but not recognized
thoughts, memories, & desires outside of conscious that influence behavior
4
According to Bowen’s Family Systems Theory, differentiation of self refers to:
The unconscious need for parental approval
A family’s ability to function without external help
The ability to remain emotionally separate from family influences
The process of family members becoming more alike over time
5
Reality Therapy emphasizes:
Modifying reinforcement schedules
Examining past experiences
Focusing on the present and taking responsibility
Exploring unconscious conflicts
6
Affirmative Therapy for LGBTQ+ clients:
Uses classical conditioning to reduce identity-related distress
Encourages self-acceptance and validation of identity
Seeks to help clients accept societal norms
Focuses primarily on childhood trauma
7
According to Bowen’s Family Systems Theory, differentiation of self refers to:
A focus on individual rather than relational concerns
A child’s ability to break free from parental expectations
The family’s tendency to triangulate
one's ability to separate their emotions from the family’s emotional system
8
What is private logic?
Group consensus
Therapist's advice
Internal reasoning
Public reasoning
9
The ABCDE Technique derives from _________ and the "D" stands for:
REBT; disputng irrational beliefs
REBT; disrupting emotions
Psychoanalytic; determinism
Narrative Therapy; dominant narratives
10
According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is NOT 1 of the 3 core conditions necessary for therapeutic change?
Empathy
Positive Reinforcement
Congruence
Unconditional Positive Regard
11
In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), a therapist helping a client challenge their cognitive distortions is addressing:
The body’s physiological responses to stress
The client’s ability to self-actualize
Deep-rooted unconscious fears
Automatic negative thoughts that influence emotions and behavior
12
Little Albert was the subject of a classical conditioning experiment.
False
True
13
In DBT’s distress tolerance skills, what does the A in the acronym ACCEPTS stand for?
Avoidance
Acceptance
Activities
Attention
14
Feminist therapy emphasizes:
Individual pathology rather than systemic oppression
Uncovering childhood trauma
Empowerment and social change
Adhering to traditional gender roles
15
A key principle of Feminist Therapy is:
A therapist must remain completely neutral in discussions of oppression
The therapist is the authority on the client’s experience
Personal identity is irrelevant in the therapeutic process
Power differentials in society contribute to mental health struggles
16
A technique used in Adlerian therapy to encourage clients to see themselves differently is:
Free association
Acting "As if "
Role-playing
The miracle question
17
Which of the following is a key component of reality therapy?
Encouraging client's to take resposibility for their actions
Exploring past traumas
Identifying unconscious conflicts
Challenging cognitive distortions
18
Identifying and challenging irrational/maladaptive thoughts and replacing them with realistic and constructive ones.
Reframing
Cognitive Restructuring
Congitive displacement
Positive Self Talk
19
Yalom and May postulated a counseling theory based on life's
Schemas
Cognitive Distortions
Irrational Thoughts
Meaning and Purpose
20
What is the core concept of Adlerian Therapy?
Behavioral activation
Social interest
Cognitive restructuring
Dream analysis
21
A scaling question in Solution-Focused Therapy is used to
Identify the client's attachment style
Rank automatic negative thought
Assess unconscious conflicts
Determine the severity of a problem
22
Which of the following techniques is commonly used in CBT?
Active listen
Dream analysis
Cognitive restructuring
Free association
23
Solution-Focused Therapy is best described as:
Past-oriented and problem-centered
Rooted in existential concerns
Future-focused and goal-directed
Focused on unconscious mind
24
Which technique involves exaggerating behavior?
Paradoxical intention
Task setting
Early recollections
Encouragement
25
In what type of counseling would you ask clients to rate their commitment to or, confidence in their ability to, change
Neither
Both
Solution Focused Brief Therapy
Reality Therapy/Choice Theory
26
Adler believed that social interest is:
The result of cognitive distortions
A sign of narcissistic tendencies
An indication of early attachment wounds
A fundamental component of psychological health
27
Narrative Therapy views problems as:
The result of dysfunctional family dynamics
A reflection of unconscious desires
Best solved through systematic exposure therapy
Embedded in social and cultural contexts
28
Albert Ellis, the founder of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, identified what as the cause of emotional distress?
Unconscious conflicts
Early childhood experiences
Lack of self-actualization
Irrational beliefs and self-talk
29
The basic needs outlined in Reality therapy include: Safety/Security, Love & Belonging, ________, freedom, and fun
Superiority
Shelter
Power
Secure attachment
30
Narrative Therapists Believe:
Problems are an inherent part of a person’s identity
The past must be relived to resolve
Cognitive distortions should be directly challenged
People construct meaning through their personal stories
31
Functional Analysis is a _____ technique in which counselors may use the ______ method.
CBT; ABC
REBT;ABCDE
CBT; cogntiive restructuring
Behavorial;Operant Conditioning
32
Affirmative Therapy acknowledges the impacts of minority stress on mental health. Minority Stress is best defined as:
Stress created by discrimination, prejudice, or social exlcusions
specific stress endured by those holding marginalized identities
None of the above
Stressors that impact us infreqeuntly but signfiicantly
33
The process of gradually exposing a client to a feared stimulus while teaching relaxation techniques is known as
Systematic desensitization
Token economy
Flooding
Aversion therapy
34
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) was originally developed to treat which condition?
Major Depressive Disorder
generalized Anxiety Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
35
In TA, Berne's "Adult" Ego state is similar to Freud's _________ Ego state. Both act as the mediator.
Ego
Id
Superego
unconscious
36
A defense mechaism in which an individual supresses and urge by exhbiting an opposite behavior/belief
Denial
Projection
Suppression
Reaction Formation
37
In Solution-Focused Therapy, exception questions help clients:
Explore when their problem is absent or less severe
Identify their most problematic behavior
Establish firm rules for behavior change
Understand their past failure
38
A key difference between REBT and CBT is:
CBT places greater emphasis on mindfulness
CBT avoids structured interventions
REBT focuses more on unconscious conflict
REBT is more directive in challenging irrational beliefs
39
According to Existential Therapy, the four primary "givens" of existence are:
Pleasure, pain, memory, and consciousness
Thought, behavior, emotion, and resilience
Death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness
Growth, community, justice, and change
40
The six core processes of ACT include all of the following EXCEPT:
Values clarification
Unconscious conflict resolution
Acceptance
Defusion
41
Insecurely attached Individuals display....
comfortablability with intimacy and autonomy in relationships
preoccupation with relationships, seeking approval and fearing abandonment.
anxious and avoidant behaviors, often due to trauma or inconsistenty
avoidance of intimacy and rely on self-sufficiency
42
In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, counselors will explore __________ or the beliefs that influence emotion and behavior.
Cognitive Distortions
Private logic
Irrational beliefs
Schemas
43
Which of the following is a central goal of Adlerian therapy?
Identifying automatic negative thoughts
Developing insight into early childhood experiences
Strengthening the ego to manage inner conflicts
Encouraging social interest and community
44
In DBT, which of the following skills is part of the emotion regulation module?
Empty Chair Technique
Opposite Action
Decatastrophizing
Scaling Questions
45
In Affirmative Therapy, the therapist:
Helps LGBTQ+ clients navigate oppression and self-acceptance
Focuses solely on cognitive distortions
Avoids discussing identity altogether
Attempts to "fix" a client’s LGBTQ+ identity
46
The concept that we create subconscious beliefs and goals that shape our behavior regardless of how realistic they are
Fictional Finalism
Cogntiive Distortions
Determinism
Existential Angst
47
ACT emphasizes the importance of:
Creating cognitive schemas
Avoiding distressing emotions
Living in alignment with personal values despite discomfort
Challenging automatic thoughts
48
In Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), irrational beliefs are:
Encouraged as part of the client's individual perspective
The root cause of psychological distress
Viewed as harmless and not a focus of therapy
A result of unresolved childhood trauma
49
In Structural Family Therapy, joining refers to:
Assigning each family member a new role
The process of merging family members’ thoughts into one shared belief
The therapist becoming part of the family system to create change
Encouraging family members to break old traditions
50
In ACT, the term cognitive fusion refers to:
The blending of past and present experiences
The integration of emotions and rational thinking
Over-identifying with one’s thoughts as absolute truths
The ability to hold two opposing beliefs simultaneously
51
In Existential Therapy, freedom and responsibility are viewed as:
Barriers to self-actualization
The foundation of cognitive distortions
A Source of anxiety but also personal growts
Concepts that do not impact mental health
52
The technique of re-authoring in Narrative Therapy involves:
Helping clients rewrite their life stories with new perspectives
A family is highly differentiated
A child is given a scapegoat role
Two family members bring in a third to reduce tension
53
The preconscious, conscious, and unconscious mind are concepts introduced by which theorist?
Eric Berne
Carl Jung
Alfred Adler
Sigmund Freud
54
A key technique in Solution-Focused Therapy is:
Transference analysis
Dream interpretation
Miracle question
Free association
55
Social Learning Thoery was pioneered by ______ using the _________ experiment.
Albert Bandura; Little Albert
Albert Bandura; Bobo Doll
John B. WatsonWatson; Little Albert
John B. Watson: Rat City
56
In Person-Centered Therapy, the therapist’s role is best described as:
Analyzing unconscious conflicts
Assigning homework to reinforce beha
Acting as a guide, offering interpretations
Providing conditions for self-growth without direction
57
A core dialectic in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is:
Nature vs. Nurture
Past vs. Present
Acceptance vs. Change
Logic vs. Emotion
58
Negative Reinforcement involves the
Removal of an undesirable stimulus
addition of uncomfortable stimuli
punishment of the client
crtiicism of a behavior
59
Which of the following best describes the concept of the "empty chair technique" in Gestalt therapy?
Encouraging clients to imagine speaking to someone
Helping clients reprocess traumatic memories
Teaching clients relaxation techniques
Asking clients to write letters to their past selves
60
Which of the following is NOT a core component of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?
Challenging cognitive distortions
Analyzing early childhood experiences
Behavioral activation
Identifying automatic thoughts
61
Which of the following best represents the actualizing tendency in Rogers' theory?
The unconscious drive for survival
A learned response to social reinforcement
The internal struggle between id and superego
A natural inclination toward growth and fulfillment
62
An individual that is aggressive pursuing boxing as a hobby is exhibiting the defense mechanism
Sublimation
Repression
Suppression
Displacement
63
ACT encourages clients to view thoughts as:
Deep-rooted unconscious symbols
Absolute truths
Predictions about reality
Just words that do not need to control behavior
64
In Person-Centered Therapy, what is considered the most important factor for client change?
Reinterpreting past experiences
Practicing exposure therapy
The therapeutic relationship and unconditional positive regard
Challenging irrational beliefs
65
Adler believed that birth order influences personality because:
The first-born child is always the most successful
Each child has a unique role within the family structure
Parents reinforce different behaviors based on gender
Sibling relationships are more impactful than parenting styles
66
Frtiz Perlz's Gestalt theory asks clients to consider that nature and people are greater than the sum of their parts
This is known as phenomenology
This is known as Holism
This is known as Figure-Ground
This is known as Field theory
67
The term "self-actualization" is most closely associated with which counseling theory?
Psychoanalysis
Behavioral Therapy
Gestalt Therapy
Person-Centered
68
In the paradoxical theory of change, true change occurs when individuals embrace
Their goals and strengths rather than their deficits and barriers
Their true values
who they are rather they who they are not or who they wish
their ideal self
69
Albert Ellis is to REBT as ___________ is to ______________.
Virgnia Satir; Narrative therapy
Aaron T Beck; Family systems theory
Alfred Adler; Family Stress Model
Marsha Linehan; DBT
70
Which of the following is a key intervention in Structural Family Therapy?
Encouraging radical self-acceptance
Challenging gender roles
Enacting family patterns during therapy sessions
Identifying irrational beliefs
71
Jungian therapy introduces the concept of the shadow. This refers to:
The part of the personality influenced by parents
The unacceptable parts of the self that are repressed
The moral part of the psyche
The idealized version of the self
72
Which DBT skill focuses on reducing impulsive behaviors?
Wise mind
Radical acceptance
Opposite action
Distress tolerance
73
The existential concept of "logotherapy," which focuses on finding meaning in life, was developed by:
Irvin Yalom
Fritz Perlz
B) Rollo May
Viktor Frankl
74
Carl Rogers emphasized the importance of congruence in therapy. This means:
The therapist must interpret client experiences accurately
The therapist’s inner experiences align with their outward expression
The client should suppress negative emotion
The client is expected to agree with the therapist’s viewpoint
75
Stating a word and asking a client to reply with the first word that comes to their head is called
Word Association
Rorschach
Projective Technique
Free Association
76
In Albert Ellis’s (REBT), which type of belief is considered irrational and contributes to emotional distress?
Flexible beliefs
Preference-based beliefs
Absolute musts
Rational expectations
77
Flooding
a treatment for panic disorder
immediate and intense exposure to the feared object or situation
Gradual exposure to to stimuli
A mindfulness practice
78
Operant conditioning involves __________ behavior; Classical conditioning involves ______ stimuli and response/behavior
Reinforcing; associating
associating; reinforcing
reinforcing; punishing
punishing; reinforcing
79
Viktor Frankl’s existential therapy focuses on:
Finding meaning and purpose in life
Strengthening the id
The influence of early childhood memories
Changing onging cognitive distortion
80
Freud's concept of the id is best described as:
The instinctual and pleasurable
The moral part of the psyche
The rational decision-maker
The aspect that reconciles conflicts
81
The "unique outcomes" technique in Narrative Therapy focuses on:
Encouraging clients to accept the dominant problem-saturated story
Using cognitive distortions and alt.perspective to identify new meanings
Discovering times when the problem did not dominate the client’s life
Reinforcing behavioral patterns through exposure therapy
82
Feminist Therapy challenges:
Social norms that perpetuate gender-based oppression
The role of unconscious drives in behavior
normed power dynamics based on indentity
The medical model of mental health
83
In Adlerian therapy, a "lifestyle assessment" is used to:
Measure the severity of mental illness
Understand a client’s core beliefs and coping strategies
Identify cognitive distortions
Diagnose personality disorders
84
REBT identifies which type of belief is considered irrational and contributes to emotional distress
Absolute musts
Rational expectations
Flexible beliefs
Preference-based beliefs
85
What is a defense mechanism in psychoanalytic theory?
A strategy used by the ego to manage anxiety
A technique for enhancing cognitive flexibility
A conscious decision to change one’s behavior
A coping skill taught in CBT
86
Instead of saying, “I am depressed,” clients are encouraged to say, "I'm experiencing depression". This is an example of
Neurolinguistic Programming
Positive Self Talk
Reauthoring
Externalization
87
One of the key skills taught in DBT is:
Transference interpretation
Systematic desensitization
Exposure therapy
Radical acceptance
88
In ACT, the term psychological flexibility refers to:
Eliminating negative thoughts
Rigidly adhering to personal beliefs
Adapting to situations in alignment with values
The ability to suppress emotions effectively
89
In classical conditioning, which of the following best represents an unconditioned response (UCR)?
an adolescent experiencing test anxiety due to past failures
a dog completing a trick when offered a treat
a dog salivating when offered a treat
A child flinching when they see a needle after getting painful shots
90
Narrative therapy focuses on:
Encouraging regression to early childhood memories
Reframing the client's past experiences as positive
Identifying automatic negative thoughts
Helping clients separate themselves from their problems
91
In Person-Centered Therapy, the term congruence refers to:
The therapist's ability to align their beliefs with the client's
The client's resistance
The therapist's genuineness and authenticity
The client's ability to change based on external reward
92
WDEP is a Reality Therapy Technique that stands for
wishes; disruptive behavior; emotions; plans
where you are; dominant narratives; emotional disregulation; phenomenology
working memory; deconstruction; emotion; projection
Wants; doing; evaluation; planning
93
In Person-Centered Therapy, the therapist’s role is to:
Offer cognitive-behavioral techniques to restructure thoughts
Act as an expert authority guiding the client
Interpret unconscious conflicts for the client
Provide a nonjudgmental space for self-exploration
94
Traditional Gestalt therapist felt confrontation
is meant to shift responsibility from client to counselor
threatened the therapeutic allaince
results from transference
is used to help clients gain self-awareness and recognize inconsistencies
95
Which of the following is NOT a Freudian defense mechanism?
Projection
Self-Actualization
Reaction Formation
Repression
96
A client suddenly starts treating their therapist as if they were their critical father. This is an example of:
Countertransference
Transference
Reaction formation
Displacement
97
Structural Family Therapy, developed by Salvador Minuchin, emphasizes:
Encouraging families to rewrite their personal narratives
Uncovering unconscious motives in family interactions
Altering the hierarchy and boundaries within family subsystems
Using reinforcement to modify beha
98
In Jungian therapy, the shadow represents:
The ego’s integration of conscious thoughts
The repressed, unconscious aspects of a person’s psyche
The idealized version of the self
The fully actualized self
99
Which of the following best describes existential guilt?
A reaction to past trauma
A feeling of regret when one fails to live authentically
The sense of loss when grieving a loved one
A cognitive distort
100
Which technique is commonly used in Narrative Therapy?
Classical conditioning
Token economy
Dream analysis
Externalization

Theory 1 Flashcards | StudBud