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Cultural Anthropology - Updated 2024 Flashcards | StudBud
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Cultural Anthropology - Updated 2024
Cultural Anthropology - Updated 2024
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Final Review session for ANTH 1200 - Cultural Anthropology
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What term is used to describe a marriage pattern where a man marries a group of sisters?
Sororal polygyny
Sororal polandry
Sororate marriage
Levirate marriage
2
The idea that everything we do and think is a product of our culture is called:
Cultural participation
Cultural appropriation
Cultural determinism
Moral relativism
3
What do we call the practice of suspending our judgment of seemingly strange cultures or practices?
Diplomacy
Participant observation
Ethnocentricm
Cultural Relativism
4
Intensive agriculture that uses the logic and technologies of industrial capitalism is called?
market agriculture
industrial agriculture
subsistence agriculture
mass production agriculture
5
Words that share similarities due to their shared ancestry are called:
homonyms
syntaxes
cognates
synonyms
6
Many societies recognize people who are neither "male" nor "female." These people...
exist in a gray zone
belong to a third gender
all of the above
are socially ostracized
7
Which type of society is characterized by small, mobile groups without clear central leaders?
A state
A chiefdom
A tribe
A band
8
Generally, do cultural anthropologists prefer to work with
qualitative
or
quantitative
data?
Quantitative data
Qualitative data
9
What categorical system primarily organizes people by perceived moral and ritual purity?
Caste
Ethnicity
Class
Race
10
The practical application of anthropological knowledge, theory, and methods to solve societal problems is known as:
Ethnographic research
Linguistic anthropology
Applied anthropology
Medical anthropology
11
The subfield of anthropology that studies culture and health is called:
healing anthropology
medical anthropology
biocultural perspectives
culture and health studies
12
Early anthropologists viewed _______ as the basic organizing system in non-state societies.
culture
economy
kinship
clans
13
Ideas and practices that prohibit you from marrying certain people in your family are called:
kinship terminologies
familial prohibition
the incest taboo
uxorilocal norms
14
What term is used to describe the process of constructing ideas and practices about "race"?
Implicit prejudice
Explicit prejudice
Racialization
Race science
15
The "shape" that words and phrases take within a language is called:
Syntax
Morphology
Phonology
Dialect
16
Some clan societies require people to marry outside of their own clan. These societies are:
uxorilocal
exogamous
incestuous
endogamous
17
Which of the following research methods can be used during ethnographic research?
All of these
Interviewing
Time allocation studies
Participant observation
18
Anthropologists rushing to study human societies before they die out is called:
The Salvage Paradigm
Ethnography
Cultural Evolutionism
Participant Observation
19
Americans are generally _______, meaning that we have one marriage/sex partner at at time.
polyandrous
polygamous
promiscuous
serial monogamists
20
The pattern of increasing interconnectedness around the world is called:
militarization
expansionism
urbanization
globalization
21
True or false? All societies around the world view sexuality as stable throughout your life.
True
False
22
Which type of interview is comprised of pre-determined questions and responses?
Structured interview
Unstructured interview
Semi-structured interview
Open-ended interview
23
The framework that examines how languages evolved from one another over time is called:
the linguistic model of language change
the contact model of language change
the genetic model of language change
the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
24
The family a person is born into is called their:
Natal family
Nuclear family
Extended family
Clan
25
Which economic theory sees the world as defined by social class and class conflict?
Neoclassical economics
Substantivism
Marxism
Cultural Economics
26
The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis posited that people...
struggle to learn multiple languages because of cognition
experience the world the same way despite different language
struggle to learn multiple languages because of culture
experience the world differently due to their language
27
True or false? Since there is no biological basis for race, race doesn't exist.
True
False
28
Some anthropologists use the term "gender/sex system" because...
All of the above
we know that culture impacts our understanding of biology
we know that ideas about gender and sex are linked
we are realizing that sex is also culturally constructed
29
Victor Turner referred to the "in-between" stage during a rite of passage as:
Communitas
Separation
Liminality
Pantheism
30
Discrimination that is hidden in a society, even at times from those who are discriminating, is called?
Implicit discrimination
Explicit discrimination
Stereotypes
Racism
31
Which discipline was historically focused on social life in "non-Western" societies?
Sociology
Anthropology
Religious Studies
History
32
The Ju/'hoansi traditionally hunted wild animals or gathered fruits and vegetables. They were:
a horticulturalist society
a foraging society
an agriculturalist society
a pastoralist society
33
The process of expanding our biomedical framework to understand new phenomena is called:
biocultural perspectives
culture and health studies
medicalization
medical anthropology
34
The Minangkabau trace their lineage through the female line. They are a:
Matriarchal society
Patriarchal society
Matrilineal society
Patrilineal society
35
When anthropologists work with development agencies to further their goals, they are doing:
developmental evaluation
participant observation
development anthropology
anthropology of development
36
The widespread movement of people from rural communities into cities is called:
immigration
transnationalism
globalization
urbanization
37
Belief in religious leaders who mediate between the physical and spiritual worlds is called:
Shamanism
Animism
Pantheism
Totemism
38
Which mode of subsistence primarily relies on domesticated animals?
Horticulture
Foraging
Intensive agriculture
Pastoralism
39
Which economic theory sees a world of rational actors doing things in their best interest?
Neoclassical economics
Substantivism
Marxism
Cultural economics
40
In anthropology, ________ is used to refer to any belief in invisible forces that can cause effects in the world.
Purgatory
Magic
Ritual
Superstition
41
Which of the following is imbued with symbolic meaning in American culture?
A boarded-up home
A Christmas tree
A stop sign
All of these
42
Realms of transactions that each have their own sets of symbolic meanings and moral assumptions are called:
Transactional orders
Consumption
Fiat money
Prestige economies
43
Which of the four traditional subfields of anthropology is primarily concerned with language?
Biological anthropology
Archaeology
Linguistic Anthropology
Cultural Anthropology
44
Though there are many similarities, human language is distinguished from animal ________.
cultural practices
call systems
body language
language
45
Trying to direct human evolution by encouraging reproduction of some groups and discouraging others is called:
Eugenics
Cultural evolutionism
Colonialism
Implicit bias
46
Illnesses that are unique to a particular culture or group are called:
Symbolic healing
Psychosomatic
The placebo effect
Culture-bound syndromes
47
What categorical system organizes people primarily by their social status or wealth?
Caste
Race
Ethnicity
Class
48
Beliefs that there are "better" or "more correct" languages or ways of speaking a language is called:
Language ideology
Descriptive linguistics
Pidgin languages
Ethnoscience
49
The theory that the structures of a society (religion, politics, kinship) function in an integrated way is called:
Structural functionalism
Postmodernism
Cultural evolutionism
Historical particularism
50
Many anthropologists are hesitant to rely
only
on interviews with informants because...
interviews aren't an accepted research method.
interviews are too time-consuming and difficult.
people don't understand anthropology or their culture.
people don't always do what they say they do.
51
True or false? There is little to no biological basis for race.
True
False
52
Which discipline was historically focused on social life in "Western" societies?
Anthropology
Sociology
History
Religious Studies
53
Each of us thinks that our culture's way of doing things is best. This bias is called:
Cultural Relativism
Ethnography
Ethnocentrism
Ethnoscience
54
Which type of reciprocity occurs when someone gives a gift and expects to receive a gift of equal value in return?
Symbolic reciprocity
Specific or balanced reciprocity
Generalized reciprocity
Negative reciprocity
55
Why do anthropologists consider themselves part of a "fieldwork" discipline?
Because their research requires "being there" with people
Because their research only takes place in wheat fields.
Because their research is primarily conducted in labs
Because their research is specific to one particular field
56
Ethnographic research that accounts for transnational phenomena by studying people in multiple locations is called:
Multi-sited ethnography
Participatory Action Research (PAR)
Cultural diffusionism
Rapid ethnographic assessments
57
Power that organizes and orchestrates the settings in which social and individual action take place is called:
Structural power
Gendered power
Intersectionality
Systemic influence
58
The idea that certain ways of speaking are superior to others is called:
code-switching
language preference
language ideology
language stereotyping
59
Early anthropologists distinguished six different kinships systems based on terminology for:
parallel cousins
maternal uncles
cross cousins
siblings
60
Even though it often feels very stable, anthropologists know that culture is always:
stable
traditional
changing
contested
61
The study of how people from different societies classify and categories things in the world is called _________
Cultural determinism
Biological determinism
Ethnology
Ethnoscience
62
Intensive agriculture is distinguished from subsistence agriculture by:
growing a surplus to sell or trade in a marketplace
a gendered division of labor
using unsustainable farming practices
growing only one type of crop
63
Paul Farmer highlights _______, the ways harm is structured into our society.
systemic racism
symbolic violence
structural violence
anthropology of disease
64
"Anthropology" comes from Greek roots and means:
The study of culture
The study of human beings
The study of insects
The study of society
65
20th century dependency theorists argued the prosperity of core nations depended on:
exploiting peripheral nations
their cultural superiority
global trade networks
modern technologies
66
Which type of data records things that can be counted?
Quantitative data
Qualitative data
Interview data
Scientific data
67
Which of the following is NOT a feature of culture?
It is dynamic
It is genetically inhereted
It is learned
It is shared
68
Which of the following was NOT a factor that led to the emergence of anthropology?
All of these led to anthropology
Evolutionary theory
The industrial revolution
Colonialism
69
Which economic theory sees economic actors as calculating, rational individuals who make self-interested decisions?
Neoclassical economics
Substantivism
Structural functionalism
Marxism
70
What is the term used to describe societies that trace both male and female lineage?
American
Matrilineal
Cognatic
Patrilineal
71
Some remote populations in the Himalayas still practice fraternal polyandry, where...
a man marries a group of sisters.
a man marries his dead brother's wives.
a woman marries a group of brothers.
a group of sisters marry a group of brothers.
72
When a man compensates his future wife's family, he is paying a:
Marriage payment
Dowry
Bribe
Bride price
73
"Western" ideas that separate culture and nature have contributed to a practice called:
environmental sustainability
fortress conservation
anthropomorphism
disneyfication
74
What do we call it when an anthropologist is studying aspects of her own culture?
Participant observation
Going native
Local knowledge research
Native anthropology
75
In parts of India, the practice of dowry has led to violence against women, including ________.
All of the above
Dowry deaths
Female infanticide
Extortion
76
We use ________ to refer to conditions where a person sufficient nutritious food to sustain an active and healthy life.
Food deserts
Food security
Political ideology
Foodways
77
The perspective that focuses on the dynamics of political and economic power is called:
political economy
globalization impact research
antidisestablishmentarianism
economics
78
Which type of society is characterized by a strong central authority that has exclusive right to control by force?
A tribe
A state
A chiefdom
A band
79
Our socially-constructed ideas and practices around food are called:
foodways
food systems
ethnoscience
taste
80
Racialized patterns of environmental harm that disadvantage certain "races" are called:
Environmental justice
Ecological prejudice
Environmental racism
Disproportionate toxic burden
81
The process of learning culture from a very young age is called:
Stratification
Indoctrination
Enculturation
Acculturation
82
Which research method involves "hanging out" and participating in the daily lives of people?
Key informant interviews
Participant observation
Surveying
Time allocation studies
83
Cultural anthropologists most often use the term __________ to refer to the people they gather data from.
Subjects
Informants
Employees
Elites