OBGYN ovaries ppt 2

Multilocular cyst that may have a nodule =

germ cell tumors are 95% of being benign cystic teratomas

all of these are clinical symptoms of ovarian carcinoma except

Pelvic pressure and bloating =

germ cell tumors are usually ______, 40% of tumors will calcify

A large adnexal mass of varying echogenicities with very irregular intramural nodularity

for Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma, 15-20% are _____ when malignant

Derived from the primitive germ cells of the embryonic gonad

teratomas are usually bilateral

what are the 2 most common types of epithelial tumors

Gynecologic tumors that arise from surface epithelium and cover ovary and underlying stroma are called

Mixed cystic and solid masses are the most frequent presentation of the common _______ tumors of the ovary

Mucinous adenoma is lined by the mucinous elements of the ______ and _______

Uncommon-1.5% -2.5% of patients; usually benign, often incidental findings

the 3 germ layers are the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

____% of ovarian malignancies occur in women between 40-60 years of age

Masses > 10 cm more likely to be _____ for ovarian carcinoma

Malignant cysts tend to have thin, irregular walls and septations

most common Germ Cell tumor

Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma are large, and are likely to rupture

Doppler Findings in OV CA =

ovarian carcinoma is commonly detected

Mucoid material is found within the cysts that represents cellular debris or blood

Rapidly growing

the most common cystic tumor

Well-defined anechoic lesions more likely to be _______

Are nearly all malignant, second most common epithelial malignancy, and occur most frequently postmenopausal

immature teratomas are rapidly growing, solid_______ tumors with many tiny cysts

lesions with irregular walls, thick irregular septations, mural nodules, and solid echogenic elements favor

Serous and mucinous cystadenoma are usually

An entirely solid ovarian mass in a woman < ___ years of age is usually a dysgerminoma

malignant masses, because of internal neovascularization, will have ______ ______ flow

dermoid mesh refers to multiple linear hyperechoic interfaces floating within the cyst and represent hair

contains fatty, sebaceous material, hair, cartilage, bone, teeth

ovarian cancer arises primarily from _____ ______ (60% to 70%)

Alpha-fetoprotein is _____in 50% of patients with immature teratomas

Immature Teratomas are ________

Malignant ascites may not be present in ovarian neoplasm

Sonographic screening finds adnexal cysts in ___-____% of postmenopausal women

people with ovarian carcinoma are often symptomatic

all of these are sonographic appearances of immature teratomas except

ovarian carcinoma kills more women than cancer of uterine cervix and body combined

The malignant form is termed adenocarcinoma

ultrasound cannot distinguish benign from malignant tumors

Mucinous tumors account for ___% to ____% of ovarian neoplasms

Mass with complete absence of diastolic flow (elevated RI andPI) is almost always ______

CA 125 has many false-positive and false-negative results

women with ovarian cancer are __ to ___ times more likely to develop breast cancer

germ cell tumors account for ___-____% of ovarian neoplasms

all of these are sonographic findings of teratomas except

50% of women present with stage III spread into ______

Hematogenous disease - (liver parenchyma)/spread beyond abdomen =

Surgery and chemo therapy are options for treatment for ovarian carcinoma

_____ and ______ are the remaining tumors that contribute to ovarian cancer

Extension beyond ovary into omentum or peritoneum and liver metastases should be evaluated

increasing patient age = ______ incidence of malignancy

Incidence of ovarian cancer is greatly increased in women who have had breast and colon cancer

% of cases (of ovarian carcinoma) involve women > 60 years of age

it is called the silent cancer because

Fourth leading cause of cancer death

what percent are germ cell tumors predominantly solid

Masses < ___ cm are more likely to be benign for ovarian carcinoma

the more _____ flow, the more neovascularity and the more likely the mass is malignant

Any or volume > ____ ml should be considered suspicious change in ovarian echogenicity

what blood chemistry test is helpful in some patients for ovarian carcinoma

Rare and occur mainly in adolescents and are the most common ovarian malignancy in this age group

Only 3% of ovarian cysts <5 cm are ________

Dysgerminoma and Endodermal Sinus tumors are both rare and malignant

Leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy (25%) in the United States

Limited to pelvis/involvement of uterus and fallopian tubes =

The strongest risk factor for ovarian carcinoma is a family history of ovarian or breast cancer

Are considered to be of Müllerian duct origin and a variant of the endometrioid carcinoma; and nearly always malignant

Cyst >___ cm recommended for surgical removable

ovarian carcinoma is also known as the

Simple or septate _____-walled multilocular cysts = Mucinous Cystadenoma

Can be large (15 to 30 cm), and weigh more than 100 pounds

Solid Teratomas are usually found in children and young adults

The benign or low-malignancy potential form for epithelial tumors is termed

less than 20% of all ovarian cancer is found at this early stage

bilateral for ovarian carcinoma = ___%

Ascites appears as hypoechoic fluid with bright punctate echoes; thick, irregular walls and septations

The dysgerminoma and the ______ cystadenoma are the two most common ovarian neoplasms seen in pregnancy

Over ___% of the women first seen by their doctors are in advanced stages of ovarian carcinoma

ovarian carcinoma is

likelihood of malignancy is increased by greater amount of ___ ___ in a complex ovarian mass/presence of complex ascites

Cystic structure with septations or papillary projections; internal and external papillomas usually present =

Well-defined, smooth bordered anechoic lesions are more likely to be ______ (ovarian carcinoma)

Mucinous Cystadenoma = cyst filled with sticky, gelatin-like material, multilocular cystic spaces and usually _____

5-year survival rate is ____% (stages I through IV for ovarian carcinoma)

contribute 15% to 30% of the malignancies and are more common in girls and young women (age 4 to 27 years)

Serous Cystadenocarcinoma accounts for 60% -80% of ovarian cancers

The 5-year survival rate for stage ____ ovarian cancer is 5%

Serous and mucinous tumors vary greatly in size but can be very large

Limited to ovary =

enlarged echogenic ovaries =

serous cystadenoma is ______ than mucinous cysts

Absence of flow within a lesion usually indicates a _______ lesion

the most common epithelial tumor and constitutes 30% of all ovarian neoplasms

Limited to abdomen =

ovarian carcinoma is more likely predominantly _____