Also known as Christ "Pantokrator," (all-ruler), Right hand raised to give a blessing, Encaustic painting, Left hand holds a manuscript (meant to be a Gospel book)

What part is the blue?

Hemispherical dome on top of pendentives

What story does "The Good Shepherd" depict?

Prefiguration of Christ (overcome death after 3 days), The OT story of Jonah

BONUS: What did Michael say about this that would send him to hell for doing so?

The donkey looks like it is struggling

What is this piece called?

Justinian, Maximianus and attendants

What are "squinches"?

A square or polygonal room with upper corners filled into to support dome.

What is this piece called?

Empress Theodora and her Attendants

What is correct about this?

Rigi frontality, no background, Overlapping by hierarchy, Roman naturalism: anecdotal, Weightless, speechless

What was she known for?

Physical beauty and charitable heart

Typology of Doors of Saint Michael's

ALL including 16: Noli me tengure (Promise of return to Paradise)

What are "pendentives"?

Meaning "to hang", Transfers weight from dome onto piers beneath, instead of the walls

Figures showing prayer gestures, Figures of all ages and genders

Semicircular frames typically framed by an arch or vault

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Early Christian Art

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Questions 48

Answers

1
Christ Blessing
Also known as Christ "Pantokrator," (all-ruler)
Right hand raised to give a blessing
Encaustic painting
Left hand holds a manuscript (meant to be a Gospel book)
2
What part is the blue?
Hemispherical dome on top of pendentives
Rounded cover/roof
Semicircular top on pendentives
Semicircular dome on squinches
3
What story does "The Good Shepherd" depict?
The creation story
Prefiguration of Christ (overcome death after 3 days)
The NT book of Revelations
The OT story of Jonah
4
BONUS: What did Michael say about this that would send him to hell for doing so?
Christ is to lazy to walk
He appears feetless
The donkey looks like it is struggling
Christ is too big
5
What is this piece called?
Justinian, Maximianus and attendants
Justinian, Maximianus and servants
Justin, Maximianus and attendants
Justin, Maximianus and servants
6
What are "squinches"?
The remaining area of a wall that is not the lunette (half circle)
Meaning "to hang"
A square or polygonal room with upper corners filled into to support dome.
Transfers weight from dome onto piers beneath, instead of the walls
7
What is this piece called?
Empress Theresa and her Attendants
Empress Teresa and her Attendants
Empress Theodosia and her Attendants
Empress Theodora and her Attendants
8
What is correct about this?
Rigi frontality, no background
Overlapping by hierarchy
Roman naturalism: anecdotal
Weightless, speechless
9
What is a "encaustic" painting?
Involves heated wax
All of the above
Applied to a surface
Color pigments added
10
Anthemius of Tralles & Isidorus of Miletus, Hagia Sophia
ORIGINALLY made of Minarets & Buttressing
Red, Yellow & Green
Red, Blue & Green
Meant to rival all churches ever made
Surpasse in scale and magnificence the Temple of Solomon Jerusalem
Was known as the "Church of Holy Wisodom"
11
What is "cubiculum"?
Non-descript small squarish room in an ancient Roman building or home
Can be used for a mortuary chapel
Can be small room carved out of the wall of a catacombs
All of the above
12
What is this piece made of?
Clay
Mosaic art and bronze
Mosaic art and gold
Mosaic art and clay painted
13
Saint Matthew, Lindisfarne Gospels
Greek & Latin (prestige of classical languages)
Classical motifs: curtain (set scene indoors), seat at angle (perspective)
Author protrait
Modeled on books in Roman style
All of the above
Model: Illustrated gospel book from Italy
14
Hagia Sophia contained...
All
Dome: 108' wide, 180' high
Pendentives & Squinches
40 windows below dome
15
Virgin & Child (Morgan Madonna)
Relics & originally polychromed {{basically used to be very colorful}}
Reliquaries: most common, small-scale sculpture
Rigidly upright, strictly frontal; emotionless
Queen of Heaven, but also the church (on which Christ sits) {{Power move}}
ALL
Throne of Wisdom (lion-throne of Solomon)
16
What was she known for?
Physical beauty and charitable heart
Charitable heart and intellectual abundance
Physical beauty and fertility
Physical beauty and intellectual abundance, and fertility
17
Where is Christ in this?
Entroned between Saints Peter & Paul
In the heavens
Red and Blue
In the center (as a teacher)
18
Typology of Doors of Saint Michael's
10-12: Nativity > Adoration of Magi > Presentation of Jesus in temple
13-15: Judgement of Jesus by Pilate > Crucifixion > 3 Marys at tomb
7-9: Offerings: Cain = grain & Abel = lamb > Cain kills Abel > Annunciation
1-3: Forming Eve > Eve Presented to Adam > Temptation/Fall of A&E
4-6: Accusation/Judgement of A&E > Expulsion of Paradise > A&E laboring
ALL including 16: Noli me tengure (Promise of return to Paradise)
19
Saint Michael's
All but "Owned by Putorti"
Modular design: built around module of crossing
Dual apses (apse = location of the altar)
Bishop Bernward (tutor to Otto III) traveled to Rome, studied monuments.
Modeled after Basilica Ulpia Trajan's Forum
Owned by Putorti
20
What are "pendentives"?
Meaning "to hang"
Transfers weight from dome onto piers beneath, instead of the walls
The remaining area of a wall that is not the lunette (half circle)
A square or polygonal room with upper corners filled into to support dome.
21
What does "triforium" mean?
It is the band between one window to another
It is arcaded wall passageways
Blue and yellow
It is the band between upper/lower stories
22
Sacrifice of ____?
Adam & Eve
Exemplars of faith
All
Issac, Daniel & John
23
What are "orants"?
Drawings of Christ
Figures showing prayer gestures
Figures of all ages and genders
Visual depictions of a scene
24
What is an "Quatrefoils"?
Contains fleur-de-lis (the symbol of France)
Resembling a flower or four-leaf clover
ALL
A four-lobed design
25
Chartres Cathedral Stained Glass
Contains St. Anne w/ baby & Mary flanked by OT figures
Virgin & child enthroned by doves, angels, kings, & prophets OT
ALL
Light = God enters church
26
Nicola Pisano
Italian Sculptor but commonly noted for a classical Roman sculptural style
The leading proponent of new classicizing + naturistic style in sculpture
Looks cross-eyed; Nice hairstyle (like trying to hide a bad haircut)
Red and green
27
What does "plate tracery" mean?
Stonework elements
Supports stained glass
Used decoratively in windows
ALL
28
Who was "Junius Bassus"
Emperor of Rome
King of Italy
Perfect of Rome
Minister of Italy
29
Visitation
Increased classicism: drapery, portraiture, contrapposto
ALL
Figures no longer elongated
Jamb statues of central doorway
30
Chi-Rho-Iota
Not picture of event, but rather ornamental celebration
Inspired by Greek gospels/orthodox religion
Nothing Christian about ornament; stylized animal forms of "barbarians"
All of the above
Starts Latin phrase: Christi autem generatio (the birth of Christ)
Chi rho iota (XPI); Christ in Greek
31
Gislebertus, Last Judgement
Right of God = saved, left = damed; Dead rise from ornamental sarcophagi
Historical capitals- relied confined to capital (Romanesque innovation)
Archangel Michael (PUTORTI?) weighs souls
ALL
Located in tympanum (semi-circular area above doorway)
Elongated stylized forms; Christ in center (oval mandela)
32
Why was Christ represented as a shepherd?
Blue and yellow
Christianity was still illegal
He was someone willing to take care of his people
He was a shepherd
33
Roman philosopher type?
Tunic, Top hat, Sandals, Scroll
Turtleneck, Toga, Sneakers, Scroll
Tunic, Toga, Slides, Wig
Tunic, Toga, Sandals, Scroll
34
Chartres Cathedral
West façade is the only original section left from first church
Archivolts = 7 liberal arts; Capitals = Christ' life
ALL
Emphasis not on geometric harmony, but GRAND HEIGHT {like guy height lies}
Church portal- 3 doors decorated w/ sculptures
Engineering devices made to reach grand height (e.g. pulley/weight system)
35
Of the terms below, what does the Chartres Cathedral have?
Quatrefoils
Plate tracery
NONE
ALL
Lancets
Triforium
36
What does "lancets" mean?
ALL
Clerestories with tall openings (elongated)
Clerestory (a high section of wall that contains windows above eye-level)
Painted tops surmounted by circular rose windows
37
What is this a scene of?
Christ on horseback
Christ' montly ride around town
Christ' entry into Jerusalem
Christ' parking his donkey
38
What are the scenes feature in "Pulpit"?
Nativity
Early life of Christ
Annunciation (announcement of the pregnancy to Mary by archangel Gabriel)
Adoration of the Shepherds
A continuous narrative
ALL
39
Chartres Cathedral PT.3
Early Gothic: rigid, frontal, elongated
ALL
Second coming retained in typanum
Elongated jam figures - support NT figures above
40
Doors of Saint Michael's
ALL
Downward: Creation of Eve, Cain & Abel (OT)
Based on Early Christian Santa Sabina wooden doors
Cast in single piece (17' tall)
Upward: Annunciation - Appearance to Mary Magdalen
16 panels
41
About Gislebertus
All of the above
Recently challenged: he was the donor, NOT the artist
Gislebertus sculptor: requests spectators to pray for him
None of the above
42
Chartres Cathedral PT.2
Intercedes for faithful during Last Judgement
ALL
Join cult to gain favor w/ Mary for Jesus' favor (who is a mama's boy)
Cult of the Virgin = peaked in Gothic period
43
Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne
Charlemagne A.K.A. "Charles the Bald" 😂
Small statuette & too large for horse {{small size but big & bald 🤣🤣}}
All of the above
Mustached: sign of nobility among Celts & Gauls + Crown: early fleur de lis
Successor of Rome's Christian emperors
Imperial robes, crown & globe (world domination) {{overcompensating? 🧐}}
44
Visitation, Reims
Reims = major Roman city; remaining ancient works as models
1st set of figures: Gabriel telling Mary she'll give birth to Christ
2nd: Mary w/ her cousin Elizabeth, who's pregnant w/ St. John the Baptiste
ALL
45
What is "lunettes"?
Image of "luna" (the moon)
Painting of a "lupus" (wolf)
Semicircular frames typically framed by an arch or vault
Circular framing of a biblical scene
46
Pulpit
15' tall (roughly); 6-sided (hexagon) pulpit
NONE
ALL
Corinthian capitals support standing figures
Sculptor = Nicola Pisano {{"P"ulpit = "P"isano)
Gothic trefoil arched (German reference)
47
What does "Caelus" mean?
The Universe
King
The heavens
Ruler of the sky
48
What sets Justinian apart as royalty?
Crown that he adorns
The color purple
Halo that surrounds him
All of the above
He is in front on everyone
None of the above

Early Christian Art Flashcards | StudBud