2023 - 7th Grade - Q2 - Test 2 - Full Review - Topic 4 Plate Tectonics

Subduction of an oceanic plate under an adjacent oceanic plate can result in a _______________ arc.

____________ are vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake.

_____________________ is a broad volcano built up from the repeated nonexplosive eruptions of basalt to form a low dome.

What are the three ways in which tectonic plates move?

The height of an anticline is exaggerated by the valley-like ________________, which is a fold that bends downward.

Under the sea, subduction produces undersea volcanoes, also known as ________________.

The size of earthquakes is usually measured using the moment _________ scale, which is a measure of the energy released.

The force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume is called ______________.

Once the magma exits a volcano and is exposed to air or water, it is called __________.

45. Magma moves up from the chamber through a __________.

What are the three types of stresses?

Over millions of years, forces of __ can change a flat plain into folded mountains, fault-block mountains, and other...

"The Origin of Continents and Oceans" connected clues from studies of ________, ________, _______ for Continental Drift.

In a ______________, the hanging wall slips down relative to the footwall.

_________ are bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens Earth’s crust.

The two sides of a fault are referred to as ______________.

Below the volcano is a __________________, where magma collects before an eruption.

A ______________ is a break in the rock of Earth’s crust or mantle.

The Hypothesis that said “all continents had once been fused together, and over time they had drifted apart” is called:

_____ pulls Earth’s crust, stretching rock to make it thinner, specially at the point halfway between two pullingforces.

If a strong earthquake ruptures up into the ocean floor, it can trigger a kind of ocean wave called a _______________.

What are the moving plates or large pieces of the lithosphere called?

______________ squeezes rock until it bends or breaks.

Rift valley leaves the other blocks higher up, as mountains. Mountains built this way are called __________________.

A fold in rock that bends upward into an arch is called an ________________. This may resemble the crest of a wave.

Walls of rock grind past each other in opposite directions, making a __________________.

What are the long, zipper-like chains of undersea mountains called?

A ________________, also called a stratovolcano, is made of altering layers of lava flows and ash falls.

What is the sinking movement of ocean floor back into the mantle called?

____________ are any shaking resulting from sudden movements along the faults lines within the Earth.

What is the name of the supercontinent that breaks up to form the continents we know today?

Compression can produce a ______________, in which the hanging wall slides up and over the footwall.

What is the process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor called?

A wedge of rock that has hanging walls at both faults drops down as tension pulls adjacent footwalls away to form a ___.

A _____________ is a large bowl-like shaped volcanic depression form by the explosion or the collapse of a volcano cone.

What is the study of Earth’s oceans called?

__________ usually forms in the layer of hot rock in the upper mantle.

What are the faults where earthquakes occur called?

The wall whose rock is over the other is called ______________, and the other is called ______________.

What are the undersea valleys that are the deepest parts of the ocean called?

If lava emerges from a new vent in Earth’s crust as a mix of bombs, ash, and cinders, these materials build up into a __

What happens at the transform boundary?

Seismic waves produced by earthquakes are measured by a device called a _____________________________.

1. Over time, relatively flat layers of hardened lava build up into a __________________.

A _______________ shows both the timing and amplitudes of the different seismic waves created by an earthquake.

What happens at the divergent boundary?

Most faults occur ________________, where stress of one or more types is deforming the rock, leading to changes at Earth

A _______________ is an area where lava frequently erupts at the surface, independent of plate boundary processes.

______________ occurs when rock is being pushed in two opposite directions, to the point that it bends or breaks.

What happens at the convergent boundary?