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Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900 Flashcards | StudBud
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Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900
Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900
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1
The nat'l gov't helped finance transcontinental railroad construction in the late 19th c. by providing RxR corporations
land grants and loans
cash grants from higher taxes
reduced prices for iron and steel
cash grants from higher tariffs
2
Most women workers of the 1890s worked
out of economic necessity
because their husbands preferred to stay at home with the children
to achieve financial independence
for the cultural glamour of being a working woman in American society
3
The "Gospel of Wealth" endorsed by Andrew Carnegie espoused the idea that
the wealthy should invest in helping minority groups
the wealthy should spend & invest their money how they saw fit
religion and economic wealth had little to do with each other
the wealthy should display moral responsibility in use of God-given money
4
The most effective and most enduring labor union of the post-Civil War period was the
Knights of Labor
National Labor Union
American Federation of Labor
United Steel Workers of America
5
In the
Wabash
case, the Supreme Court ruled that state legislatures could NOT regulate railroads because
state legislatures were acting on behalf of a private interests
RxR executives had committed no illegal acts in their business practices
they were interstate businesses, could not be regulated by a single state
state legislatures provided RxR companies w/ exemptions instead of land
6
During the age of industrialization, the South began to attract investors because it was/had
good transportation
readily available raw materials
a warm climate
cheap labor
7
One success of the National Labor Union on behalf of workers was
an eight-hour day for gov't workers
right to collective bargaining
Weekends off
equal pay for women
8
One of the most significant results of the transcontinental railroad network was that it
enabled people from farms and small towns to visit big cities
united the nation into a single, integrated national market
developed a skilled industrial workforce
enabled farmers a highly profitable living shipping goods nationwide
9
The image of the "Gibson Girl" (below) represented a(n)
romantic ideal of the independent and athletic new woman
portrayal of the modern corporate business woman
revival of the early American feminine ideal of republican motherhood
exploitative image of the woman as sexual objects
10
A major incentive for captains of industry to invest in and invent new machines was
lucrative gov't grants that were offered to inventors
a chance to strike it rich via technological innovation
Expensive skilled workers could be replaced with cheap unskilled labor
machines could do the work five times faster than humans
11
Reformers's efforts to raise public awareness about the hazards of child labor
pertained only to native born children
focused on blacklisting the most abusive companies
were focused primarily on the plight of new immigrants
with the help of photographers like Jacob Riis
12
In response to the
Wabash
case, the fed. gov't established the _____ to protect the public interest from business combos
Interstate Commerce Commission
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Anti-Trust Commission
Consumer Affairs Commission
13
Much of the investment funds that enabled America to industrialize in the late 19th c. came from
private foreign investors
individual Americans' savings
surplus wealth generated by agriculture
tax funded state governments
14
Historians' criticism of the industrial capitalism of the Gilded Age have included all of the following EXCEPT
assertion that workers were brutalized by the industrial system
romantic idea that industrialization diminished workers' quality of life
American industrialization created sharper divisions between social classes
American living standards were not raised by industrialization
15
All of the following are methods by which post-Civil War business leaders increased their profits EXCEPT
Undermine competition by placing their officers on boards of other companie
creating standardized job assignments and fixed production quotas
Eliminating by buying them out
Remove competition by purchasing all levels of production undercutting cost
16
All of the following were common forms of corruption practiced by wealthy railroad barons EXCEPT
watering railroad stocks and bods in order to sell them at inflated prices
receiving kickbacks fro powerful shippers
forcing employees to purchase company stock
providing free railroad passes to journalists and politicians
17
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act forbade private corporations from "combining in restraint of trade," it was first used to
curb the power of railroad companies
curb the power of oil companies
curb the power of labor unions
curb banking syndicates
18
Generally, the Supreme Court in the late 19th c. interpreted the Constitution in such a way as to favor
state regulatory agencies
corporations
independent workers and craftsmen
labor unions