Quiz 3 Antimicrobials

What feature in 4th-gen cephalosporins like Cefepime is diff from earlier gens, leading to enhanced Gram - activity?

Which antimicrobial is most notably associated with causing severe pseudomembranous colitis?

A pt with a IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction to PCN requires surgical prophylaxis. Which alt med is preferred?

Which factor can make antimicrobial therapy less effective at the site of infection?

When is redosing of a short-acting prophylactic ABX like Cefazolin or Piperacillin-Tazobactam gen rec during surgery?

Why do pregnant patients often experience decreased plasma concentrations of antibiotics administered orally?

Which of the following is an institutional variable that can influence the risk of Surgical Site Infection?

Which of the following statements about the elimination of Aminoglycosides is TRUE?

For a 90 kg pt, what is the dose of Vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis & how long prior to incision should it be given?

An uninfected operative wound with no inflammation, no viscus entered & is closed primarily is classified as clean

Within what timeframe prior to surgical incision should prophylactic antibiotics generally be administered?

In addition to tendon inflammation & rupture, Fluoroquinolones carry a risk of exacerbating weakness in patients with...

For which surgical procedure is Cefazolin + Metronidazole the preferred prophylactic antibiotic regimen?

Why is anesthesia the discipline responsible for administering prophylactic ABX prior to surgical incision? 

Which type of PCN allergy reaction is not considered a true IgE-mediated reaction but rather d/t chemical impurities?

What is the most common site for nosocomial infections?

For an initial episode of non-severe Clostridium difficile infection, Metronidazole may be used if...

Compared to other PCNs, 4th-gen acylaminopenicillins (Mezlocillin, Azlocillin, & Piperacillin) are notable for their...

Which of the following aminoglycosides is known to be primarily cochleotoxic?

Which of the following cephalosporins are known to penetrate the CSF, making them suitable for treating meningitis?

Aztreonam is unique among beta-lactam antimicrobials for its highly selective activity against which type of bacteria?

Carbenicillin, a 3rd gen PCN, is associated with which significant side effect, especially in patients with CHF?

Which of the following conditions is a known indication for prophylaxis with Penicillin G?

Skeletal muscle weakness is a SE of aminoglycosides. Which intervention can treat this specific effect?

Which of the following antibiotics is considered safe for use in pregnancy?

According to the Surgical Wound Classification, a "Contaminated" wound is characterized by...

When should Azithromycin be administered to optimize its bioavailability?

Which statement is TRUE regarding Cephalosporins?

Prophylactic antibiotics should generally be discontinued within what timeframe after surgery end time?

A pt tanking Aminoglycosides has tinnitus, a feeling of ear pressure/fullness & sudden hearing loss. These are S&S of...

Which of the following is a known side effect of Methicillin?

Bacteria can develop resistance to cephalosporins by producing which specific enzymes?

For a patient undergoing a Liver Transplant, what is the preferred antimicrobial agent for prophylaxis? 

When used w/ neuraxial analgesia, Chlorhexidine can cause neurotoxicity if it enters the CSF. What caution is advised?

Which of the following surgical procedures is listed as generally NOT requiring prophylactic antibiotics?

What physiological effect of perioperative hypothermia can increase the risk of surgical site infection?

A 130 kg pt requires a prophylactic dose of Cefazolin. What is the rec dose and re-dosing interval for Cefazolin?

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for Surgical Site Infections?

Despite its advantages, a significant disadvantage of Aztreonam is its potential to cause...

Azithromycin's dosing regimen is often a 5 day course (500mg Day 1, 250mg Days 2-5). This is primarily due to its...

What is the primary effect of administering Probenecid concurrently with Penicillins?

A pt receiving an aminoglycoside develops muscle weakness. What mechanism of aminoglycosides causes this side effect?

Which 2 ABX are exceptions to the "within 1 hour prior to surgical incision" rule & can be given within 2 hours instead?

A sig. SE of Fluoroquinolones, particularly in pts > 60 yrs old, on corticosteroids, or transplant recipients, is...

Which of the following is a potential side effect of long-term Linezolid therapy?

Which class of penicillins is specifically indicated for Staph infections that produce beta-lactamase enzymes?

How does Linezolid inhibit bacterial protein synthesis?

Which of the following meds is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential fetal toxicity, such as arthropathies?

Which PCNase-resistant PCN is excreted in bile & can be used to treat staph. meningitis d/t its CNS penetration?

Erythromycin is metabolized by? What is the potential cardiac risk associated with increased plasma levels?

If a pt undergoes Colorectal or appendectomy surgery w/ a beta-lactam allergy, which med is recommended for prophylaxis?

A pt receiving a high dose of IV PCN G for a severe infection with renal dysfunction, is at risk for which ADR?

Which med causes pre & post neurojunctional effects, potentially prolonging neuromuscular blockade?

 What is the recommended dose of Vancomycin for a patient weighing less than 80 kg?

Moxifloxacin has several severe SEs & should not be used unless less toxic options aren't available. What is an ex?

 Amoxicillin is very similar to Ampicillin but differs in which significant aspects?

For Orthopedic Surgery, if a patient has a beta-lactam allergy, what is the recommended alternative prophylactic agent?

What is a common characteristic of first-generation cephalosporins like Cefazolin?

Vancomycin is the drug of choice for...

For Neurosurgery, what is the preferred prophylactic antimicrobial agent?

Which of the following accurately describes the mechanism of action for Penicillins?

The combination of Piperacillin with Tazobactam (Zosyn) is effective because Tazobactam...

Administering high-dose PCN G intrathecally is contraindicated d/t the risk of which severe neurological complications?

What 3rd gen cephalosporin has the longest 1/2 life & is effective against Gram - bacilli like Neisseria & Haemophilus?

Which class of antimicrobials requires dose adjustment in patients with renal impairment?

Due to its absorption characteristics, Carbenicillin must be administered via which route?

D/t its rapid renal excretion, the plasma concentration of PCN G decreases by _______ w/n the 1st hr after the 1st dose.

Which statement accurately describes the effectiveness of Cephalosporins across their generations? 

Which of the following Cephalosporins is the only second-generation drug effective against meningitis?

What is the intrinsic antimicrobial activity of beta-lactamase inhibitors like Clavulanic acid, Sulbactam & Tazobactam?

Rapid IV infusion of Vancomycin (< 30 minutes) is most commonly associated with which significant adverse effect?