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EOC Final Exam Review 2022 Flashcards | StudBud
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EOC Final Exam Review 2022
Which process(es) drive the rock cycle?
Which of the following is true of hurricanes?
EOC Final Exam Review 2022
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Earth Science
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1
Which of the following is true of hurricanes?
Sinking cold air in the eye causes the hurricane to weaken
Hurricanes increase in strength as they pass over dry land.
The eye of hurricane is the most dangerous part of the storm
The rising of warm, moist air provides energy for the storm
2
Which process(es) drive the rock cycle?
heat
erosion
pressure
all the above
3
What evidence led geologists to hypothesis that the Earth’s core is solid?
Drilling to the core
Fossil evidence
Plate movements
Monitoring seismic waves
4
no Earth rocks are 4 billion years old. Caused by
blasted away during earth’s formation
subject to extensive erosion
difficult to date so precisely
destroyed by solar radiation
5
This describes how closely the atoms are packed and is measured by the minerals mass and volume
hardness
cleavage
fracture
density
6
The following describes which subatomic particle?
proton
neutron
electron
quark
7
What are the two most abundant elements in theEarth’s crust?
silicon and oxygen
sulfur and hematite
halite and sodium
halite and muscovite
8
Mars has evidence of past flowing water as indicated by
glaciers.
river channels
impact craters
volcanoes.
9
Scientists determine the composition and temperature of stars
by analyzing the vibrations that stars emit
through magnetic testing
by analyzing the spectra of the light that stars emit.
by sampling matter on the surface of stars
10
The sun is currently a main-sequence star; what do scientists predict will be its NEXT phase?
supernova
black hole
red supergiant
red giant
11
Landslides in California are caused by
sink holes & poor drainage
crust folding & artesian springs
reverse faulting & water tables
steep topography & unstable soils
12
Which of the following is a balanced chemical equation?
2 H2 + O2 --> 2 H2O
4 Al + O2 --> 2 Al2O3
N2 + H2 --> NH
3 Na + 2 Cl2 --> 4 NaCl
13
What is located in an outer edge of the Milky Way Galaxy?
A quasar
Polaris
A black hole
Our solar system
14
Which of the following is NOT a tectonic setting where volcanoes form?
Subduction zones
Glacier-formed lakes
Mid-ocean ridges
Boundaries of tectonic plates
15
When cool air at the surface of Earth is found under a layer of warmer air above it
an upwelling.
a temperature inversion
the Greenhouse Effect
the Coriolis Effect
16
The H-R Diagram below compares what two characteristics of stars:
luminosity & composition
luminosity & temperature
apparent magnitude & size
composition & color
17
Convert 90 Kelvin into the correct temperature on the Celsius scale.
82 degrees Celsius
0 degrees Celsius
-244 degrees Celsius
-183 degrees Celsius
18
Which of the following is NOT true of all the inner planets?
They are made of solid rock.
They lack rings
They are called gas giants
They have impact craters
19
How many valence electrons are found in the outer most shell of Calcium?
7
2
8
1
20
Which energy sources is most likely to be abundant in Ca due to its position plate boundary?
solar
nuclear
wind
geothermal
21
The point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus is called the ...
epicenter
magnitude
fault.
seismic waves.
22
A characteristic of lava that determines the force of volcanic eruption is
viscosity
color
density.
age.
23
The Milky Way galaxy is described as
an elliptical galaxy.
a spiral galaxy.
a lenticular galaxy.
an irregular galaxy.
24
Which of the following factos affects the density of ocean water?
salinity and temperature
organic substances and salinity
dissolved solids and light
temperature and light
25
The jet streams are
warm seasonal winds.
located in the doldrums
prevailing winds that blow east to west.
narrow bands of high-speed winds
26
A rotating cloud of gas and dust from which Earth’s solar system formed is called a(n)
solar nebula.
solar eclipse.
astronomical explosion.
supernova
27
Which of the following instruments measures air pressure?
Doppler radar
thermometer
barometer
wind vane
28
Which of the following is NOT true of a mineral?
It’s inorganic
It is solid
It has a definite chemical composition
It is made of living things
29
The main purpose of the California aqueduct is to
provide abundant ocean water to drier regions of California.
allow water routes for transporting commercial products
transport fresh water to areas of dense populations.
move floodwater from populated areas to lesspopulated areas
30
Which waves reach the seismograph first?
S waves
Love waves
P waves
Rayleigh waves
31
In order to melt ice, heat energy must be
not involved
removed
created.
added.
32
The zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean is called...
Ring of Fire
Ring of Volcanoes
Ring of Fury
Ring of Tremors
33
Energy produced in the sun’s core is the result of
nuclear division.
nuclear fusion
nuclear fission.
nuclear fissure.
34
Venus thick cloud cover increases the temperature because the clouds
produce heat as they are pushed by strong winds.
convert solar radiation into heat.
prevent the escape of heat into space
absorb short light wavelengths, leaving heat.
35
The Richter scale measures which of the following earthquake characteristics?
probability
magnitude
frequency
intensity
36
early atmosphere developed when many volcanic eruptions released gases in a process called
lava flow.
combustion.
ozone.
outgassing.
37
What causes the constellations visible from Earth to change throughout the year?
the tilt of Earth’s axis
Earth’s revolution around the sun.
the movement of stars
Earth’s rotation on its axis
38
Using the diagram below, which area of the country is experiencing the most acidic rain?
West Coast
Southeast
Northwest
Northeast
39
Half-life is time it takes for half a sample to decay What is the half-life of the substance?
6 hours
0 hours
3 hours
9 hours
40
Which of the following best describes the process of upwelling?
Surface water moves offshore replaced by warm offshore water
Deep cold currents mix with warmer surface currents.
Surface water moves offshore replaced by colder rising water
Surface water moves offshore replaced by cold onshore water
41
What makes up most of the visible mass of the universe?
Supernovas
Dark energy
Black holes
Galaxies
42
During periods of increased global temperatures, which is MOST likely to occur?
a decrease in atmospheric CO2
an increase in atmospheric CO2
a decrease in combustion of fossil fuels
an increase in recycling
43
The most destructive waves in the oceans are caused by
changing tides
earthquakes.
tornado
hurricanes
44
If a substance has the following characteristics, it would be classified as
an acid.
neutral.
an ionic bond.
a base.
45
What forms on the ocean floor in a subduction zone?
Lithosphere
Trench
Hot spot
Mantle
46
What type of plate boundary is shown in the diagram below?
hot spot
divergent
transform
convergent
47
Which correctly labels the layers A, B, C, and D (from Earth moving upward) correctly?
troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, stratosphere
thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere
mesosphere, troposphere, thermosphere, stratosphere
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
48
From Earth’s atmosphere, CO2 is used by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria during the process of
respiration
decomposition
nitrogen fixation
photosynthesis
49
The least dense planet in the solar system is
Jupiter
Neptune.
Saturn.
Uranus.
50
Using the table below, a person will weigh the most near the surface of which planet?
Mars
Venus
Jupiter
Neptune
51
What is miminum number of seismograph stations required to locate epicenter of an earthquake
1
2
3
4
52
According to the graph, what is the freezing point of water?
32C
0C
60C
100C
53
Astronomers discovered difference in stars through observations Theory to explain is
there is too much light pollution on earth to study stars.
the distances between stars is so great.
Earth’s atmosphere distorts our view of the stars
stars are at different points in their life cycles
54
How many neutrons are found in fluorine?
10
9
19
28
55
About 99% of all matter contained in our solar system exists in
asteroids
planets.
the sun
space.
56
Which of the following occurs when a mass ofair become less dense and rises in theatmosphere?
It becomes warmer and the pressure decreases
It becomes cooler and pressure decreases
It becomes cooler and pressure increases
It becomes wamer and presure increases
57
The energy that drives most air and ocean currents originates
in the atmosphere.
in the sun
deep in the oceans.
at the North Pole.
58
According to the graph, which month receives the most precipitation for City A?
July
August
October
January
59
What can parallax be used to calculate?
the distance to a star within 1,000 light-years of Earth
the distance to stars that are extremely far away
composition of stars based on the spectra of their starlight
temp on the surface of star within 1,000 light-yrs of Earth
60
The highest elevation on this topographic map can be no more than about
34 meters.
49 meters
45 meters
25 meters.
61
Most of the fresh water in California comes from
rain and snow melt.
desalinization plants
geothermal springs.
rivers.
62
the continents of the earth were one large continent and moved to current positions is called:
Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics
Volcanism
The Fit of the Continents
63
what geological feature explains the formation of the Hawaiian island chain?
caldera
transform boundary
mid-ocean ridge
hot spots
64
The diameter of the Milky Way Galaxy is 100,000
years
light-years
kilometers
astronomical units
65
which would be least likely to indicate that another volcanic eruption will soon occur?
Recurring earthquakes in the vicinity.
Decreases in precipitation in the area.
Uplifting the dome
Changes in gas emissions from the volcano.
66
planet Mercury and our moon contain some very large craters that are most likely the result of
nuclear explosions
erosion
asteroid impacts
giant lava flows
67
The most massive stars are thought to end their life cycle as a
black hole
neutron star.
white dwarf.
black dwarf.
68
What is the approximate horizontal distance from A to the deepest part of the ocean?
4000 km
3660 km
4500 km
5500 km
69
What is a large scale group of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity?
A black hole
A solar system
A universe
A galaxy
70
Which of these elements forms an ionic bond with lithium?
potassium
neon
calcium
fluorine
71
Which of the following best describes a Marine West Coast Climate?
low annual temperature range, frequent rain, mild winters
large annual temperature range, rainy summers, cold winters
low annual temperature range, minimal rain, cold winters
low annual temperature range, dry summers, mild winters
72
The youngest ocean rocks are typically located near what feature?
A deep sea trench
Mid-ocean ridge
A continental shelf
An abyssal plain
73
What phenomena is created when charged particles from solar wind hit magnetic field of earth?
Aurora Borealis
Acid rain
Global warming
Ozone layer
74
Scientific evidence suggests that helium is formed by stars during
convection inside sunspots.
photosynthesis.
fission of carbon atoms.
nuclear fusion.
75
people had idea that planets were closer to Earth than stars. Which contributed to this?
The Milky Way was sometimes visible during the day.
The planets appeared to move much more quickly than stars.
The planets were the only objects with visible moons
The stars were consistently brighter than the planets.
76
scientists hypothesize earth impacted by __ based on rock evidence found in Yucatan Peninsula.
asteroid
satellite
comet
meteorite
77
The ozone layer
is found in the thermosphere
blocks 100% of the sun’s visible radiation
is made up of nitrogen compounds
absorbs damaging ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
78
What elements make up most of the sun’s mass?
carbon and oxygen
carbon and hydrogen
hydrogen and helium
helium and nitrogen
79
Which industry has the greatest water requirements on California’s fresh water supply?
technology
manufacturing
tourism
agriculture
80
What is the driving force that causes winds and ocean currents to curve?
salt concentration
convection cells
Coriolis effect.
density
81
Carbon is found in the _ period and the __ family/group on the periodic table
14th, 2nd
3rd, 13th
2nd, 14th
13th, 3rd
82
What causes one plate to “sink” underneath another plate?
The salinity of the surrounding ocean.
The age of the rocks in the plate.
The temperature of the plates.
The density of the plates.
83
Water vapor turns to liquid water when energy is _______ from the atmosphere
added
destroyed
removed
doubled
84
Earthquakes occur along the San Andreas Fault because
one of the plates subducts under the other plate
the plates slide past each other
the plates are spreading
one plate is denser than the other plate
85
What happens to the solar radiation that is NOT absorbed on Earth?
The energy is absorbed by plants and animals
The energy is reflected back into space.
The energy is converted by photosynthesis.
The energy is destroyed
86
What are two main factors that affect the climate of a region?
elevation and relative humidity
latitude and cloud formation
temperature and precipitation
air masses and temperature
87
The deepest parts of the oceans are found
on the abyssal plain
in trenches
on the continental shelf
surrounded by seamounts.
88
Most of the oxygen in the atmosphere of Earth came about because
bacteria/ green plants release oxygen during photosynthesis
oxygen was released by volcanic eruptions.
deep water vents release oxygen
water in the atmosphere decomposed and released oxygen.
89
Which letters in the drawing below correspond to the trade winds?
B and E
C and D
B and C
A and B
90
How many milliliters are in 46.5 liters?
4,650 ml
46,500 ml
0.0465 ml
0.465 ml
91
A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary?
uniform
convergent
transform
divergent
92
Which layer of the atmosphere contains most of the atmosphere’s ozone?
stratosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
93
Estimate the volume of the liquid in the cylinder
53 ml
50.3 ml
50.4 ml
54 ml
94
shows 4 regions of the ocean bottom. which list are regions in order from least to most steep
abyssal plain - shelf - rise - slope
shelf - abyssal plain - rise - slope
slope - rise - shelf - abyssal plain
rise - abyssal plain - shelf - slope
95
At which location on the map would a rain forest most likely be found?
4
2
3
1
96
type of volcano that has broad sides, large, and calm eruptions.
Cinder cone
Plug dome
Composite volcano
Shield volcano
97
What causes the Coriolis effect?
the rotation of Earth on its axis.
the interaction of ocean currents and the atmosphere.
large convection of ocean currents and the atmosphere.
heat and electromagnetic radiation from solar energy.
