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Unit 6 : Cities and Urban Settlements Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 6 : Cities and Urban Settlements
Unit 6 : Cities and Urban Settlements
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1
a settlement node who primary function is to provide support for the population in its hinterland is
Core-periphery model
Sector Model
Christaller's model of central place
Concentric zone model
2
Which of the following was a consequence of blockbusting in North America cities?
poor residents unable to acquire mortgages
neighborhoods were razed (torn down) for commercial establishments
ethnic composition of neighborhoods
real estate agents lost sellers
3
Most Latin American cities are focused on a
government housing project
squatter settlements
skyscraper office building
central plaza
4
Rank-size rule: if the largest city in a country has a population of 10 million, the next largest city will have a
8 million
9 million
5 million
7.5 million
5
In the new global economy, an increasing proportion of influential financial decisions are being made in
national capitals
major corporate centers like NYC, Tokyo and London
regional centers and small towns
The informal sector
6
CBD stands for
Cat Bear Dog
Central Buffet District
Central Business District
Central Bussing District
7
Definition: More than twice the size of any other city in its country and dominant economically and culturally
Multiple Nuclei city
Primate city
Edge City
Galactic CIty
8
Locational advantages important to the development of the earliest cities included
productive agricultural land and defensible sites
proximity to manufacturing areas
availability of good harbors for large ships
temperate climates and proximity to coal mines
9
Which is the primary reason for the rapid population growth in megacities throughout the developing world
a decline in the death rate
interregional migration
a decile in the depedency ratio
the natural increase rate
10
Int'l company headquarters, significant global financial functions, and a polarized social structure and characteristics
Primate cities
metacities
world cities
megacities
11
All of the following have helped create ghettos in North America EXCEPT:
fixed school district boundaries
economic enterprise zone
blockbusting and racial steering
redlining by financial institutions
12
All of the following are reasons for the rise of suburban development in 1950s EXCEPT:
better public transportation
The building of the interstate highway system
The G.I. Bill of Rights
the desire for more space
13
Which of the following defines Chicago's position in relation to the infrastructure of the United States
situation
site
absolute location
vernacular region
14
Which following most closely describes the leading trends in retailing in the US during 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s?
1950s: “Big box” ; 1970s: shopping mall; 1990s: Downtown business district
1950s: Downtown business district; 1970s: shopping mall; 1990s: “big box”
1950s: Shopping mall; 1970s: Downtown business district; 1990s” “Big box”
1950s: Downtown business district; 1970s: “Big box ; 1990s: Shopping mall
15
Which of the following exemplifies a smart-growth approach to urban planning?
Construction of wider highways in an effort to lessen congestion
Creation of zoning laws that separate retail space from housing development
Construction of affordable housing in suburban neighborhoods
walkable neighborhoods with mixeduse land & access to public transportation
16
Which is unique among Latin American countries in that its capital represents the concept of a forward captial?
Peru
Mexico
Brazil
Argentina
17
Rank-size rule: If the largest city in a region has a population size of 900,000 then the third largest city will have
900,000
45,000
300,000
90,000
18
Which of the following is a strength of the galactic city model?
it depicts a central business district
it depicts exurban nodes
it depicts early industrial cities
it is based on the decrease of urban sprawl
19
____ refers to adjacent, overlapping MSAs
megacities
central cities
megalopolis
metacities
20
Which of the following best represents an old colonial port zone and its surrounding commercial districts?
Galactic city model
Southeast Asian city model
Latin American city model
Multiple Nuclei model
21
Historically, the growth of North America suburbs was most constrained by
housing shortages
cultural preferences
high land values
limited transportation
22
In the United States and Canada, which areal unit best approximates a city neighborhood in size?
A census tract
a municipality
a country
a congressional district
23
Which of the following best describe the process of gentrification in United States and Canadian cities?
privately funded redevelopment of existing commercial and residential build
expansion of suburban housing developments
gov't-led planning of public spaces
Increase in construction of housing for elderly
24
An example of an important physical site characteristic is a
major airport
natural harbor
public sports facility
grid street system
25
Why are London, Hamburg, Amsterdam, Venice are examples of early front-runner urban centers?
early adopters of sustainable urban design
port cities served as trade centers
hubs of population growth
hearths of early agricultural developments
26
Which site factor best explains the linear pattern of urbanized areas
The development of urbanized areas was influenced by transportation
growth of cities was influenced by the accessibility of raw materials
cities in the region was influenced by the abundance of deep-water harbors
The growth of urbanized areas was influenced by cities achieving dominance
27
Which of the following best explains the changes in city infrastructure for a small- to medium size city during the 2010
Economic development efforts improve benefits for employees working in city
Business development efforts increase the prices charged for commercial
Transit-oriented development efforts decrease traffic and reduce the city's
Social development efforts improve the quality of life for city residents.
28
The _____ of city structure tends to be most appicable to newer, faster-growing cities
Sector Model
Concentric Zone
Central Place Theory
Multiple-Nuclei Model
29
Which of the following best describes urban planning in the United States?
follows international rules and standards
through public/private cooperation
mostly done through local ordinances
imposed by state governments
30
which following is typically true of higher-order services, such as hospitals with a large number of medical specialties
They are located in small towns
They have larger ranges and thresholds
They are located in suburbs
They are larger ranges and smaller thresholds
31
Which of the following is an example of a smart-growth approach to urban planning?
Walkable neighborhoods with mixed use land and access to transportation
convesion of farmland into housing to engourage migration to suburbs
construction of wider highways
contruction of affordable housing in suburban neighborhoods
32
All of the following were crucial to the emergence of the first cities EXCEPT:
separation of the ruling system and the religious system
an agricultural surplus
a system for food storage and distribution
labor specialization
33
Which of the following best explains a geographic characteristic shared by megacities in the global periphery?
megacities: unplanned growth patterns and often contain squatter settlement
Abundant job opportunities in megacities lead to low unemployment rates
megacities; major investments in high-speed railways and subway systems
megacities: strategic defensive location & maintain strong military presenc
34
In the development of urban land, which of the following is typically built on the most accessible sites
retail complexes
high-rise apartment buildings
industrial parks
single-family housing
35
Mixed-use development, pedestrian friendly design and design elements of which of the following?
zero-growth
leadfrog-developmet
new urbanism
transit-oriented development
36
Which of the best explains why La Defense is located on the outskirts of Paris?
Residents do not want historic buildings replaced with office buildings
High-Income Parisians prefer to live in the suburbs
Land in the city center is not as valuable
Lack of public transportation in the center of Paris
37
which following problems can be explained by the type of building renovations shown in the before and after images?
More parking leading to decreased public transportation use
Higher rents causing displacement of existing residents
New buildings causing environmental sustainability issues
Unfair real estate practices = housing and insurance discrimination cases
38
Which best explains why New York city has more specialized stores than do smaller urban places in the Unite States?
Central Place Theory
the gravity model
Its status as a primate city
the rank-size rule
39
Which statements best explains how the world cities listed in the table function within the world’s urban hierarchy?
top ten world cities diminished in financial & cultural significance
top ten world cities offer wide services, but services are restricted
The top ten world cities have a significant impact on international economy
cities with smaller populations experience the fastest rates of population
40
The ____ helps explain the interaction between 2 cities based on population and distance?
Gravity Model
Concentric Zone Model
Sector Model
Edge Cities
41
According to central place theory, the ____ is defined as the minimum number of people needed to support a service
threshold
market area
range
hinterland
42
According to Christaller's central place model, which of the following would most likely have the smallest range?
a grocery store
a university
an international airport
a professional football stadium