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FINAL MENDEL
FINAL MENDEL
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1
When you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails?
1/4
1
1/2
1/8
2
Genotypes with two different alleles for a trait are called
dominant
heterozygous
homozygous
recessive
3
What can you conclude about Gregor Mendel from the information you have learned?
He concluded that heredity worked exactly the same for people as plants
He was one of the first to find out how heredity worked
He established all of the genetics principles
Religious authorities forced him to stop his experiments
4
The "Tt"s in this Punnett square represent:
Medium-sized pea plants
Short pea plants
Tall pea plants
Female pea plants
5
Mendel researched color of pea pods. Possible colors: yellow + green. If most pea pods are yellow it means
All tall plants are yellow.
Yellow pea pods and green pea pods are codominant.
Yellow pea pods are recessive to green pea pods.
Green pea pods are recessive to yellow pea pods.
6
A parent with the genotype AABb could make how many different gamete types?
4
16
1
2
7
The actual passage of genes to the next generation is called
genetics
heredity
codominance
development
8
If we cross BB x bb, what is the probability the offspring will show the recessive trait?
75%
50%
0%
25%
9
What are traits?
Characteristics passed from parents to children
RNA
Strands of DNA
Individual genes
10
Two pea plants with Tt genotypes are crossed. What is the probability that the new generation will be tall?
1 out of 4
2 out of four
3 out of 4
4 out of 4
11
In a dihybrid cross with a 16-box Punnett square, what is ALWAYS being shown?
principle of dominance
law of homozygotes
law of independent assortment
law of heterozygotes
12
Which represents the genotype of a homozygous condition?
Bb
bb
bc
BC
13
Which is always true of normal heredity (so assume no mutations)?
The offpsring receives one allele from each parent.
The offspring has more DNA from the father than mother.
The offspring's traits are a blend of the parents'.
The offpsring shows the same trait as one of the parents.
14
Which generation results from breeding between members of the F1 generation?
F1
F2
Q
P
15
The sex of a child is determined by the chromosomes of
the father.
the grandparents.
a series of relatives from many generations back
the mother.
16
The genotype ratio produced by the cross BBxBb
1:2
3:1
1:2:1
1:1
17
Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between terms "genotype" + "phenotype?"
Genotype and phenotype are exact opposites
An organism's phenotype is based on its genotype
Genotype and phenotype are interchangeable
An organism can have a genotype or a phenotype, but not both
18
How is probability used in genetics?
to determine the actual outcome of a breeding pair
to analyze differences between species
to make predictions about offspring
to sequence a child's DNA
19
What is heredity?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring
The passing of traditions from parents to their children
A type of asexual reproduction
Another term for sexual reproduction
20
If a pea plant’s alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
Both parents contributed a recessive allele.
Both parents contributed a dominant allele.
Both parents were short.
Both parents were tall.
21
Why can recessive traits "skip" a generation?
they don't segregate during meiosis
they are removed from the DNA
the alleles are silent in heterozygotes
the alleles leave the population but come back by mutations
22
A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. Probability that F1 plant will be tall -
50%.
25%.
75%
100%.
23
Which law says that our two alleles for each gene are separated during meiosis?
law of dominance
law of segregation
law of genetics
law of independent assortment
24
If two pea plants Tt genotypes are crossed, what's probability new generation has genotype Tt?
2 out of 4
None
3 out of 4
1 out of 4
25
Gene for gray fur (G) is dominant over black fur (g). If 50% of the litter of squirrels are gray, then parents must be:
GG x Gg
Gg x gg
GG x GG
gg x gg
26
2 plants with gene pairs are bred together: DD and rr. Whare are all possible gene pairs?
DD, rr
Dr
DD, rr, Dr
DD
27
Two pea plants with Tt genotypes are cross-bred, how many short (tt) plants will there be?
1 out of 8
1 out of 4
1 out of 2
1 out of 6
28
What did Mendel learn about his pea plants?
Neither the short nor tall trait is dominant
The tall plant trait dominates the short plant trait
The short plant trait dominates the tall plant trait
Both the short and tall traits are dominant
29
Brown-eyed mother and a blue-eyed father have four children, three have brown eyes. This means-
Brown eyes are a submissive trait
Brown eyes are a dominant trait
Brown eyes are a successful trait
Brown eyes are a recessive trait
30
What is the missing gene pair in this Punnett square?
AA
aa
AA
Aa
31
The phenotype ratio for a dihybrid cross where both parents are heterozygous for both traits
3:1
1:1
1:2:1
9:3:3:1
32
which of the following is true about the offspring resulting from the cross?
About half are expected to be short.
Most are expected to be tall
All are expected to be short.
All are expected to be of tall.
33
Chromosomes normally occur as homologous pairs in
an egg cell
a sperm cell
a gamete
a zygote
34
How many different PHENOTYPES could be formed from crossing AABB x Aabb?
16
4
1
2
35
How many different GENOTYPES could be formed from crossing AABB x Aabb?
2
16
1
4
36
Which law shows us that the alleles we inherit for one trait don't affect the alleles we inherit for another trait
law of segregation
law of dominance
law of independent assortment
law of heredity
37
What can you conclude about one of Mendel's short pea plants?
They had a pair of dominant genes
They had no recessive genes
They had a pair of recessive genes
They had one dominant and one recessive genes
38
The study of heredity is called
molecular biology
developmental biology
forensics
genetics
39
What plant did Mendel use in his studies?
grass
squash
pine trees
peas
