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Animal and plant responses 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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Animal and plant responses 1
Animal and plant responses 1
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1
in nastic movements seismonasty does...
response to temperature
response to chemical subtances
response to contact
response to light
2
What is meant by kinesis
It’s part of mitosis
Undirected movement of a cell/organism in response to an external stimulus
Fight or flight response
Rod shape cell
3
Which phytochrome will there be more of just before sunset?
Pfr
Pr
4
What is an exogenous zeitgeber?
A hormone which sends you to sleep
Internal body clock, controlled by the SCN
External factor which resets the body clock
A hormone which keeps you awake
5
The hormone that causes positive phototropism is called....
auxin
ethylene
cytokinin
DDT
6
In klinokinesis, the amount of .... is related to the .... of the stimulation.
random turning, distance
speed, brightness
random turning, intensity
speed, intensity
7
In what part of the brain is the SCN (The part that controls circadian rhythm)?
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
8
What is an actogram?
Diagram showing inter-specific relationships in a community
Device for monitoring movement of an animal
Diagram showing periods of activity and rest for an organism
A type of line graph showing light intensity over time
9
Reproductive or Brood Parasitism benefits the parasite by..
Both of these answers are correct
Being able to save energy not rearing their young
Lets them lay eggs in several nests which helps survival
10
a free-running period of about 24 hours
circatidal
daily
circannaul
circadian
11
Which of these is a brood parasite?
turkey
roundworm
cowbird
tick
12
What is one advantage of animal migration?
The journey does not use much energy
Increasing the chance of survival for their offspring
A better food supply
Favorable temperatures
13
A short-day plant will flower only when nights are _____ the critical night length.
Longer than
Shorter than
Equal to
14
What is Mullerian mimicry?
A type of exogenous rhythm
Where a harmless animal looks like a poisonous one
Where several poisonous species have similar colourations
Entrainment
15
Auxin ________ down the shoot from the ________
travel, stem
diffuses, leaves
travels, tip
diffuses, stem
16
A plant's response to seasonal changes in length of night and day is called_________.
annual
dormancy
photoperiodism
dorman
17
Another name for auxin is
inverse acetyl acid
indole nitric acid
indole acetic acid
indole acetylene acid
18
An endogenous rhythm is
set internally
set externally
set by external cues but corrected by a zeitgeber
set internally but reset by external cues
19
The longest migration by an animal is
the wildebeest
the grey whale
The arctic tern
the monarch butterfly
20
Entrainment is...
Forcing yourself to stay awake/ asleep
When we wake up earlier than expected
When the body clock has to adjust to a change in environment
A type of circadian rhythm
21
Where is auxin made?
Flowers
Root tips
Shoot tips
Stem
22
Auxin serves the purpose of
root growth
making plants grow towards the sun
lateral growth
increase in height
23
A fish turning to face the current is an example of a positive thigmotaxis
True
False
24
suprachiasmatic nucleus regulates
reproduction
feeding behaviors
circadian rhythm
hormone secretion
25
Geotaxis is...
an animal's response to its habitat
directional movement
an animal's response to gravity
collection of animals by region
26
A sunflower facing the sun is an example of positive phototropism?
False
True
27
What causes the phytochrome Pfr to turn to Pr
Red light
Either
Far red light
28
This actogram shows that on Day 22, what happens?
The tide comes in.
The animal relocates.
A hormone is released.
The animal is placed in constant conditions
29
Is this rhythm endogenous or exogenous?
exogenous
endogenous
30
Stem positive phototropism occurs because the cells in the shade elongate more than in shade
True
False
31
The definition of 'critical day length' is described as:
Daylength at which flowering response is initiated.
length of light within a day
32
What is photo kinesis?
The non-directional movement of organisms in response to chemicals.
The non-directional movement of organisms in response to light.
The directional movement of organisms in response to light.
The non-directional movement organisation against light.
33
What is phytochrome?
A pigment on the leaves used to measure the length of the dark periods
A pigment on the leaves used to measure the length of the light periods
A plant hormone that affects plant growth
A type of plant that belongs to the angiospermophyta phylum
34
Navigation is more accurately defined as:
using a compass
being able to direct yourself from one place to another
moving from one place to another without being heard
reading a map
35
Can Taxis or Kinesis be positive and negative?
Only Taxis
Neither
Only Kinesis
Both
36
Endogenous rhythm with a period of about 12.5 hours
circasemilunar
circatidal
Circaannual
circadian
37
What exogenous zeitgeber is most associated with controlling our circadian rhythm
Blue light
Red light
Temperature
Loud noises
38
Negative geotropism would be the upward growth of a plant away from gravity
True
False
39
What is meant by taxis
Movement of an organism in response to a stimulus (e.g. light)
When a man takes you to a place you asked for
Occurs when stimulus is less directional
Undirected movement of a cell/organism in response to an external stimulus
40
Why are the terms positive and negative used for taxes, but not for kineses?
taxes don't occur by chance, kineses do
taxes result in positive or negative outcomes, kineses don't
taxes are directional movements, kineses are random
taxes are random movements, kineses are directional
41
Which version of phytochrome absorbs light of 660nm wavelength?
SDP
Pfr
LDP
Pr
42
endogenous
endangered
none
developing inside the body
exogenous
43
Which of the following defines zeitgeber?
Event that provides setting or resetting a biological clock
A German tank used during the second World War
Event that produces a biological clock for the organism
An event that triggers when an organism rests
44
Which of these is not a method of navigation?
Magnetic
Electrical
Stellar
Solar
45
This actogram suggests the animal tested is
Crepuscular
nocturnal
Lazy
Diurnal
46
Plant that flowers when day length exceeds a certain minimum value.
day neutral
phytochrome
short day
long day
47
Parasite that only gets a portion of its nutrient requirements from its host
Tape worm
Demi-Parasite
Hemi-Parasite
Obligate Parasite
48
An example of allelopathy is
A staph infection on a person
Fleas living on a dog
Pine needles releasing chemicals to stop plant growth
A monkey's call warning of predators
49
Auxin causes
Plant cells to get bigger
Plant Cells to elongate
The plant to bend
Plant Cells to shrink
50
Activity cycle occurring in the absence of a zeitgeber?
crepuscular
exogenous
entrainment
free running period
51
A nastic response is
slow
To do with biotic factors
not reversible
Linked to the water content of the cell
52
Where is phytochrome located?
In leaves
In the apical meristem
In the internodal region
In flowers
53
_________ is the active form of phytochrome.
Pr
P-fffffr
P
Pfr
54
What is the SCN?
enables the biological clock to adjust to changing light
Operates on vision, so does not work whilst we are sleeping
one of the primary endogenous pacemakers in fish
tiny bundle of nerve cells located in the pituitary gland
55
Exogenous means
Time giver
internally assessed
From external cues
Biological clock
56
An Actogram is
An animal message service
Type of behavior graph
Type of social media
a type of activity graph
57
Phytochrome exists in two forms. These are
Pr and Pfr
Pfr and Pb
Pb and Pr
Pr and Pg
58
What is a zeitgeber?
A cat meowing at 630am everyday
A mechanism that allows an organism to keep track of time
External cue that entrains biological rhythms
An exogenous rhythm
59
mutualism, commensalism or parasitism
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism
60
Which of the following statements about phytochrome is incorrect?
Pfr inhibits flowering in SDPs
Pfr promotes flowering in LDPs
Pfr inhibits flowering in LDPs
Pfr is the active form of phytochrome
61
__________ flower when nights are shorter than a critical length.
short-day plants
night-day plants
day-neutral plants
long-day plants
62
An example of a nastic movement would be...
Venus Fly Trap closing
Plants standing up straight when sun is on them
Closing leaves after they are touched
All of the Above
63
Which animal can detect the earths magnetic fields and uses this ability to help in navigation?
Cat
Bee
Butterfly
64
A rhythm that remains when the zeitgeber is removed
endogenous
exogenous
65
_______ flower when nights are longer than a critical length
short-day plants
critical night
mid-day plants
long-day plants
66
With orthokinesis, stimulus intensity ...
Affects the rate of turning
Has no effect on the rate of turning
Has no effect on the rate of movement
Affects the rate of movement
67
Woodlice demonstrate klinokinesis in order to...
rest
reproduce
locate a warm environment
limit dehydration
68
An endogenous rhythm is one that is
circadian
controlled by an internal clock
only effected by internal factors
only effected by external factors
69
Piloting when dealing with migration navigation
Uses landmarks
Is used to move a particular distance/time
None of the above
Uses a compass and a mental map
70
In the second half of this actogram, the conditions must have been
Periodic
Temperate
Constant
!2 light: 12 dark
71
The role of auxin is
promote fruit ripening
Promote growth and elongation of cells in the apical tip
cause dropping of fruit and leaves
Stimulate cell division
72
Mullerian Mimicry is...
The discovery that several unrelated species look similar
Not very common
Doesn’t occur in the wild
The discovery that no two species look the same
73
This endogenous rhythm can be classified as...
circalunar
circaannual
circatidal
circadian
74
klinokinesis
rate of changing direction in responce to a stimulus
increase in speed in response to a stimulus
increase in temperacture in response to a stimulus
rate of movement in responce to a stimullus
75
Entrainment is
an adjustment made to external cues
a period of 24hrs light
period of reseting of an internal clock
period of time spent in darkness
76
Periwinkles display negative hydrotaxis when they move up the shore as the tide rises. Why?
To avoid predation from sea birds
To avoid exposure to UV rays
To avoid desiccation
To avoid over exposure to seawater
77
How are chemotaxis and phototaxis different?
Chemotaxis is used for light and phototaxis is for sugar
Chemotaxis is attractiont to chemicals & phototaxis to light
None of the above
Chemotaxis does not occur in unicellular organisms
78
In Commensalism:
Both organisms benefit
Neither benefits
One benefits while not harming the other
One benefits while harming the other
79
A type of parasite that lives on the inside of its host.
endoparasite
internoparasite
exoparasite
ectoparasite
80
Epiphyte
A tree that stands alone
A tree that is joined to another tree and dies
When a plant doesn't completely grow
A plant that grows on other plants instead of soil
81
Nastic Movements are...
plant movements that are not related to the direction of the stimulus.
the way plants grow in response to touch and to the objects around it.
82
Batesian Mimicry
a species mimics objects in its environment for camoflauge
two or more poisonous species mimic each other to gain advng
copycat coloring by harmless animal mimics a poisonous one
bright red or orange coloration warns of poison
83
A nastic response is
a non-directional response in a plant
a turgor response in a plant
a directional response in a plant
a non-directional response in an animal
84
Nastic:
Movements to survive (If there is a plague of insects, for example)
Quick temporary movements of a plant part
Movements that usually occur in a period of time (Once a week, for example)
Permanent ground movements towards the stimulus
85
What type of activity does actogram show?
circatidal
circadian
cirannual
circalunar
86
As auxin concentration increases in the root,
the root grows faster
cell elongation is inhibited
cell elongation is stimulated
gravitropism is neutralised
87
Chemical navigation is based on...
Radiation
Scent
The amount of methane in the soil
Hydrogen
88
Migration is the...
movement of a species from two habitats on a regular basis
the movement of a species in search for food.
movement between two habitats, usually over long distances
is a regularly repeated return journey.
89
Nastic responses
Movements of plant organs to directional stimuli
Movements of plant organs to non-directional stimuli
A growth response to a directional stimulus.
A growth response to a non-directional stimulus
90
What is allelopathy?
A group of one culture of plant.
A root that can push out its neighbors.
A type of plant.
A chemical attack of one plant on another.
91
is the master clock also called Suprachiasmatic nucleus?
False
True
92
Allelopathy is a...
None of the above
Positive-positive relationship
Positive-negative relationship
Negative-negative relationship
93
Commensalism can be described with the following symbol:
+/-
+/o
+/+
94
What rhythm does this actogram show?
Circannual
Circaweekly
Circalunar
circadian
95
Taxis
Movement in a particular direction
Movement not in a particular direction
An increase in random movement
An decrease in random movement
96
Batesian mimicry...
Is when a palatable species resembles an unpalatable species
Is when multiple unpalatable species resemble each other
97
What is Orthokinesis
the amount of random turned related to the intensity
the speed of the random turned related to the intensity
98
The organism that a parasite lives in or on is called the ...
epiphyte
prey
host
obligate
99
This response enabled by auxin is called:
photosynthesis
phototropism
transpiration
geotropism
