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MSS5-5.16 Geology of the Ocean Flashcards | StudBud
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MSS5-5.16 Geology of the Ocean
MSS5-5.16 Geology of the Ocean
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Review of #oceanography & #marinescience concepts pertaining to #geology of the #ocean.
Flashcards
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1
What feature of the sea floor provides supportive evidence for the theory of continental drift?
2
4
3
1
2
What has happened to the Atlantic Ocean over time?
It's getting wider
The width has increased & then decreased
The width has become longer than the length
It's narrowing
3
The structure labeled "A" in the diagram is the __________ .
mantle
outer core
crust
inner core
4
What is the correct order of oceanographic regions from NY to the center of the Atlantic Ocean?
cont. shelf, cont. slope, ocean basin, mid-atlantic ridge
mid-atlantic ridge, ocean basin, cont. shelf, cont. slope
ocean basin, cont. shelf, mid-atlantic ridge, cont. slope
cont. slope, cont. shelf, mid-atlantic ridge, ocean basin
5
Based on the profile of the ocean floor, which statement is correct?
Sides of the ridge are moving away from each other
bands of rock closest to the center of the ridge are oldest
A deep-sea trench is being formed at the mid-ocean ridge
side of the ridge are moving toward each other
6
The behavior of landmasses over geological time illustrates the theory of __________ .
continental drift
natural selection
the big bang
evolution
7
Continual movement of magma in a cycle as the heated part rises & the cooler part sinks?
convection current
hydrothermal vent
hot spot
subduction
8
The magma that flows through the mid-ocean ridge comes up from the __________ .
rift valley
oceanic crust
continental crust
mantle
9
The original supercontinent that existed 200 million years ago is called __________ .
Pangea
Atlantis
Antarctica
Loihi
10
The scientist most responsible for formulating the theory of continental drift is __________ .
Sir Charles Thomson
Charles Darwin
Jacques Cousteau
Alfred Wegener
11
Which is
NOT
an accurate statement about plate tectonics?
There is seismic activity at the margins of crustal plates
some continents are drifting apart
The continents ride on crustal plates
The continents are fixed in position
12
What is the structure on the ocean floor labeled A?
continental slope
continental shelf
ocean basin
mid-atlantic ridge
13
Feature of the seafloor providing evidence for the theory of plate tectonics is __________ .
mid-ocean ridge
sedimentary layers
small canyons
coral reefs
14
Darwin hypothesized that the last stage in coral reef evolution is the __________ .
coral atoll
key
fringing reef
barrier reef
15
What topographical feature is represented by number 1 in the diagram?
continental rise
trench
continental slope
guyot
16
A __________ is an area of intense activity in the mantle.
hot spot
mid-ocean ridge
hydrothermal vent
continental rise
17
The theory of __________ explains continental drift.
subduction
convection current
continental drift
plate tectonics
18
Which of the following is a unifying theory?
plate tectonics
mid-ocean ridges
volcanic activity
seafloor spreading
19
The structure labeled A in the diagram represents a __________ .
transform boundary
subduction boundary
converging boundary
diverging boundary
20
Which is likely happening in the region labeled A?
An atoll is forming.
Plates are subducting.
An underwater mountain range is forming.
New ocean floor is forming.
21
By definition, a guyot is __________ .
an active volcano on land
an extinct volcano on land
a flat-topped seamount below the water surface
an active volcanic island above the water surface
22
The structure labeled "C" in the diagram is the __________ .
inner core
outer core
mantle
crust
23
The movement of the plates is most likely a result of __________ .
storms at sea
waves & currents
magma in the Earth’s mantle
the Coriolis effect
24
Which is an accurate statement regarding the data in the diagram?
the ocean is deepest where it covers the rift valley
seafloor spreading began about 20 million years ago
topographic features on both side of ridge are very similar
two sides of the ridge are very different from each other
25
Deep-sea trenches are caused by __________ .
turbidity currents
faulting
subduction
volcanic eruptions
26
Which is the proper sequence of diagrams for landmasses over geological time from past-present?
3, 1, 4, 2
1, 2, 3, 4,
4, 1, 2, 3
2, 1, 4, 3
27
A seafloor feature that provides evidence for the theory of plate tectonics is __________ .
sedimentation
small canyons
coral reef layers
mid-ocean ridge
28
At what depth is the plane if the signal takes 4 seconds to return to the research ship?
2908 meters
1454 meters
582 meters
3635 meters
29
Fan-shaped feature that is formed by a river depositing sediment near shore is a __________ .
barrier reef
plate
continental rise
delta
30
The crust of one plate plunges below another during __________ .
seamount
subduction
hydrothermal vent
continental slope
31
What topographical feature is represented by number 2 in the diagram?
trench
continental rise
continental slope
ocean basin
32
At what depth is the plane if the signal takes 1 seconds to return to the research ship?
1227 meters
2181 meters
1454 meters
727 meters
33
What is the correct order of oceanographic regions from center of the Atlantic Ocean to the NY?
cont. shelf, cont. slope, ocean basin, mid-atlantic ridge
cont. slope, cont. shelf, mid-atlantic ridge, ocean basin
mid-atlantic ridge, ocean basin, cont. shelf, cont. slope
mid-atlantic ridge, ocean basin, cont. slope, cont. shelf
34
At what depth is the plane if the signal takes 2 seconds to return to the research ship?
582 meters
1081 meters
1817 meters
1454 meters
35
How wide is the trench at its base?
1 km
2 km
3 km
4 km
36
A slightly elevated region at the base of a slope where mudslide sediment accumulates?
a guyot
an island arc
a continental rise
a seamount
37
What is the structure on the ocean floor labeled A?
ocean basin
mid-atlantic ridge
continental shelf
continental slope
38
Topographical feature labeled #3 in the diagram was produced by __________ .
seismic activity
accumulation of sediments
volcanic activity
erosion of seamounts
39
The fan-shaped feature formed by a river depositing sediments near the shore is a __________ .
plate
barrier reef
delta
continental rise
40
The largest area of the ocean floor is the __________ .
continental slope
continental rise
ocean basin
continental shelf
41
How deep is the trench in meters?
1200 meters
700 meters
400 meters
800 meters
42
The upward movement of magma under the Mid-Atlantic Ridge causes __________ .
subduction
seafloor spreading
the continents Africa & North America to collide
trenches to form
43
What topographical feature is represented by number 5 in the diagram?
trench
guyot
continental slope
continental rise
44
Which of the following is
NOT
a topographical feature?
seamount
trenches
oil deposits
guyots
45
A __________ is where black smokers emerge in a rift zone.
hydrothermal vent
seamount
mid-ocean ridge
crust
46
An undersea mountain forming over a hot spot by lava piling up on the seafloor?
a continental rise
an island arc
a guyot
a seamount
47
The scientist most responsible for hypothesizing about atoll evolution is __________ .
Jacques Cousteau
Sir Charles Thomson
Charles Darwin
Alfred Wegener
48
A relatively shallow part of the seafloor that adjoins continents is called __________ .
continental rise
continental shelf
continental slope
seamount
49
Molten material within the mantle is called __________ .
magma
lava
guyot
crust
50
Why do black sand beaches exist in Hawaii?
mountain erosion transported by rivers & streams
erosion of lava by heavy surf
lava flowing over beaches heating the sand
erosion of rocky shores by heavy surf
51
Which is a possible origin of volcanoes?
The shifting of tectonic plates
super heated water rising from the mantle of the Earth
creation of crust at the mid-atlantic ridge
melting plates at subduction zones
52
According to the direction of the arrows, what is happening to the Atlantic Ocean?
The ocean is sinking
It is narrowing
It is getting wider
The sea level is rising
53
The structure labeled "D" in the diagram is the __________ .
outer core
inner core
crust
mantle
54
What is the structure on the ocean floor labeled A?
continental shelf
mid-atlantic ridge
ocean basin
continental slope
55
Which is the proper sequence of diagrams for landmasses over geological time from past-present?
3, 1, 4, 2
1, 2, 3, 4,
4, 1, 2, 3
2, 1, 4, 3
