A scientific model is a

representation of a real event or object

Often atoms join so that each atom will ahve

an outermost energy level that is full of electrons

A compound differs from a mixture because it

always contains the same elements in the same proportions

Group 18 noble gases are inert because

their outermost energy level is full

Which statement about the alkali metals is correct?

They are located inthe leftmost column of the periodic table

Alkali metals are extremely reactive because they

have one valence electron that is easily removed

Emperical formulas represent

a ratio of atoms in the compound

The kinetic theory states that the higher teh temperature, the faster the

particles that make up a substance move

Which statement about an element's average atomic mass is correct?

It is a weighted average, so common isotopes affect it more

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Mid-term Physical Science

75 termsStudBud Administration147 plays

Physical science quiz for chapters 1-5 in Holt science spectru. Chemistry focus.

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Questions 75

Answers

1
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances is
a mixture
an atom
an element
a compound
2
The charge of an electron is
+1
-2
-1
0
3
A precise measurement is one that
is as exact as possible
is close to the true value
contains the correct number of significant figures
contains at least three significant figures
4
A scientific model is a
small building used to conduct experiments
representation of a real event or object
new theory that thkes the place of an incorrect one.
mathematical statement of a theory
5
The forces that hold different atoms or ions together are
chemical bonds
electric currents
physical bonds
nuclear forces
6
Often atoms join so that each atom will ahve
an even number of electrons
an outermost energy level that is full of electrons
more electrons than either protons or neutrons
an equal number of protons and electrons
7
The SI unit for measuring temperature is the
degree
kelvin
mole
ampere
8
Valence electrons determine an atom's
period
chemical properties
electric charge
mass
9
A compound differs from a mixture because it
is formed from two cations
always remains frozen even at high temperatures
can form only in the presence of heat energy.
always contains the same elements in the same proportions
10
The process of a liquid becoming a gas is called
condensation
sublimation
freezing
evaporation
11
Which compounds have carbon-carbon double bonds?
alkanes
ionic compounds
alcohols
alkenes
12
Group 18 noble gases are inert because
they can have either a positive or a negative charge
they readily form positive ion
their outermost energy level is missing one electron
their outermost energy level is full
13
Which state of matter will hold its shape without a container?
Solid
gas
plasma
liquid
14
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
burning wood into charcoal
cooking an egg
rusting iron
dissolving salt in water
15
Atoms of elements that are in the same group have the same number of
valence electrons
protons
neutrons
protons and neutrons
16
Which statement about the alkali metals is correct?
They are extremely non-reactive
They are located inthe leftmost column of the periodic table
They form negative ions with a 1- charge
They are usually gases
17
The ability to change or to move matter is referred to as
evergy
evaportation
heating
kinetic theory
18
Alkali metals are extremely reactive because they
are not solids at room temerature
have very mall atomic masses
have two valence electrons that form compounds with calcium
have one valence electron that is easily removed
19
The two main branches of science are
physics and chemistry
biological and earth science
natural and physical science
natural and social science
20
In which type of bond do atoms share electrons
ionic bonds
metallic bonds
covalent bonds
polyatomic bonds
21
The change of a substance from a solid directly to a gas is called
melting
sublimation
condensation
evaporation
22
Emperical formulas represent
a total of all ionic bonds
a model of the compound
a ratio of atoms in the compound
only the cations in the compounds
23
The first step in the scientific method is usually
testing a hypothesis
forming a hypothesis
collecting data
making an observation
24
Technology can be best defined as
new inventions
science that uses computers
applied science
the use of lenses and microscopes
25
A liquid changes rapidly into a gas at the liquid's
freezing point
condensation point
boiling point
melting point
26
A mixture is different from a compound because each substance in a mixture
changes from a solid to a liquid
retains it own properties
charges its electric charge
forms an ion
27
A protein is a polymer that is made of
DNA
nitrogen and carbon dioxide
amino acids
simple sugars
28
When ice melts to form water, energy
is absorbed
is created
is destroyed
is released
29
According to Bohr's model of the atom, electrons behave like
light energy in a vacuum
planets rotating on their axes.
waves on a vibrating string
planets orbiting the sun
30
Carbon and other nonmetals are found in which area of the periodic table?
in the bottom rows
one the left-most side
on the right side
in the middle column of the periodic table
31
The kinetic theory states that the higher teh temperature, the faster the
molecules of gas rush together
lighter particles within a substance clump together
particles that make up a substance move
bonds between atoms break down
32
Pascal's principle states that a fluid in equilibrium enclosed by a vessel exerts pressure
upwards
towards the vessel's opening
downwards
equally in all directions
33
A mole is an SI base unit that describes the
amount of a substance
electric charge of a substance
mass of substance
volume of a substance
34
The anion formed from an oxygen is called an
oxide ion
nitrous oxide
oxygen ion
carbon dioxide
35
Alkanes are hydro carbons that contain
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
single or double convalent bonds
single covalent bonds only
carbon and oxygen only
36
Covalent bond are formed between
metal atoms
nonmetal atoms
ions
compounds
37
Which SI prefix means one million?
giga
milli
Kilo
mega
38
A series of logical steps that is followed in order to solve a problem is called the
experimental theory
scientific method
model method
scientific theory
39
Buoyant force is the _ force exerted on an object immersed or floating on a liquid.
tensile
upward
downward
lateral
40
Which of the following elements is an alkali metal?
Mercury
Manesium
Calcium
Sodium
41
According to Bohr's theory, an electron's path around the nucleus defines its
speed
energy level
electric charge
atomic mass
42
In a metallic bond, the nucleus of one atom is attracted by a nearby atom's
nucleus
energy structure
electrons
negative ion
43
Which statement about an element's average atomic mass is correct?
It is determined by counting the number of isotopes
It is a weighted average, so common isotopes affect it more
It is based on an isotope's charge.
It is equal to 1/12th the mass of the most common isotope
44
The simplest organic compound is
aspirin
table sugar
salt
methane
45
The process of a liquid becoming a solid is called
melting
condensation
freezing
evaporation
46
Oxygen's atomic number is 8. This means that an oxygen atom has
a total of eight neutrons and protons
eight protons
eight neutrons
a total of eight electrons and neutrons
47
Matter is defined as anything that
has mass and takes up space
can be weighed
contains kinetic or potential energy
can be seen and touched
48
The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be
changed in form
created or destroyed
burned
heated or cooled
49
The science of what matter is made of and how it changes is called
kinetics
physics
chemistry
engineering
50
The bonds that hold atoms together behave most like
snap-together blocks
glue
flexible springs
rubber cement
51
A carbon atom can bond to four other atoms because it has
four valence electrons
four different cations
no protons in its nucleus
two inner energy levels
52
Copper is a good conductor of electricity because its electrons
can take on either positive or negative charges
are shared between neighboring compounds
are positively charged
are free to move from atom to atom
53
Which statement is about noble gases is correct?
They are non-reactive with both metals and nonmetals
They are extremely rare in nature
They form compounds with very bright colors
They exist as single atoms rather than as molecules
54
Gases take up a lot of space because
they have a small molar mass
They have weak chemical bonds
they contain very few atoms
their molecules have very little attraction for one another
55
Scientfic theories can be changed or replaced when
New technology is invented
scientists decide to work on different problems
new discoveries are made
scientists make models of events or objects
56
The force with which gravity pulls on a quantity of matter is referred to as
volume
mass
length
weight
57
When two H atoms bond, the positive nucleus of one atom attracts the
negative electron of the other atom
Negative nucleus of the other atom
positive electron of the other atom
positive nucleus of the other atom
58
Which state of matter has a definite volume, but not shape?
liquid
plasma
solid
gas
59
Alcohols are organic compounds that contain
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbon and oxygen only
single or double convalent bonds
single covalent bonds only
60
Dalton's atomic theory was accepted because
there was evidence to support it
Democritus said that it was correct
Dalton invented the electron microscope
Dalton showed how molecules are formed.
61
An ionic bond is a bond that forms between
ions with oppisite charges
atoms with neutral charges
one atom's nucleus and another atom's electrons
the electrons of two different atoms
62
Molar mass is defined as
the number of particles in 1 mole of a substance
the SI base unit that describes the amount of a substance
the mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance
amount of a substance necessary to have a positive charge
63
In which substance do molecules have the strongest attractions to one another?
Sugar, a solid
hydrogen, a gas
water, a liquid
sulfuric acid, a liquid
64
The main brances of natural science are
biology, zoology, and ecology
medicine and agriculture
life, physical, and earth science
physics and chemistry
65
Evaporation refers to the change of state from a
solid to a liquid
gas to a liquid
liquid to a solid
liquid to a gas
66
Scientists test a hypothesis by
formulating questions
designing models
doing experiments
drawing conclusions
67
Ionization refers to the process of
changing from one period to another
turning lithium into fluorine
losing or gaining electrons
losing or gaining protons
68
An atom's mass number equals the number of
protons
protons plus the number of neutrons
neutrons
protons plus the number of electrons
69
The only state of matter that is not a fluid is
liquid
solid
Water
gas
70
Atoms have no electric charge because they
have an equal number of electrons and protons
have an equal number of neutrons and protons.
have an equal number of charged and noncharged particles
have neutrons in their nuclei
71
A measurement that is accurate is one that
contains the correct number of significant figures
is close to the true value
contains at least three significant figures
is as exact as possible
72
The resistance of a fluid to flow is referred to as
visosity
pressure
energy
shape
73
Which of the following is not an example of a physical property?
density
Freezing point
boiling point
reactivity
74
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
grilling a burger
melting of copper
strumming a guitar
converting matter into energy
75
The order of elements in the periodic table is based on
atomic mass
the number of protons in the nucleus
the electric charge of the nucleus
the number of neutrons in the nucleus

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