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Regents Chemistry Common Terms Flashcards | StudBud
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Regents Chemistry Common Terms
Regents Chemistry Common Terms
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Regents Chemistry Common Terms
Flashcards
75 cards
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1
during a phase change
temperature remains constant
potential energy remains constant
Kinetic energy changes
temperature changes
2
Follows same trend as electronegativity
ionization energy
atomic radius
number of shells
atomic number
3
oxidation number of O in a compound is almost always
-2
+1
-1
+2
4
nonmetals
lose electrons and become positive ions
gain electrons and become negative ions
gain electrons and become positive ions
gain electrons and become positive ions
5
catalyst
increases the activation energy
increases ΔH
decreases the activation energy
decreases the rate of reaction
6
ions
same number of neutrons
same number of protons
neutral particals
charged particles
7
found in the nucleus
electrons only
protons only
protons and neutrons
proton and electrons
8
acid + base -->
water + sugar
water + salt
gas + salt
water + Carbon dioxide
9
orbital
probable location of an electron
electron shell
found in the nucleus
probable location of a proton
10
which one is not a property of metals
soluble in water
ductile/malleable
high melting point
electrical conductors
11
Most Acidic
pH = 6
pH = 14
pH = 10
pH = 3
12
addition reaction (organic)
unstatured hydrocarbon
saturated hydrocarbon
13
homogeneous mixture
pure substance
solid, liquid, gas
varied throughout
uniform throughout
14
Standard Temperature
212 °C
1°C
0 K
273 K
15
Molecular Compound
Ionic
Polyatomic Ions
Metallic
Covalent
16
electrons flow from
anode to cathode
cathode to anode
through the salt bridge
down
17
Bronstead Lowry base?
Accepts an OH- ion
Accepts electrons
Donates an H+ ion
Accepts an H+ ion
18
subsitution reaction (organic)
saturated hydrocarbon
unsaturated hydrocarbon
19
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
gases move in straight line motion
gases move in circular paths
forces of attraction between molecules
20
standard pressure
760 kPa
1 atm
101.3 mmHg
1 torr
21
Base
starts with H and ends with COOH
taste sour
metal + OH ion
turns litmus red
22
Solution
heterogeneous mixture
pure substance
compound
homogeneous mixture
23
gas to solid
sublimation
fusion
deposition
vaporization
24
at equilibrium
concentration constant
concentration varied
concentration equal
concentrations changing
25
Electrolytes
conduct electricity
malleable
nonconductors of electricty
nonpolar
26
metals
gain electrons and become negative ions
lose electrons and become positive ions
gain electrons and become positive ions
gain electrons and become positive ions
27
in terms of Le Chatlier
gases
reactions at equilibrium shifting right or left
organic compound
neutrons colliding
28
sublimation
solid --> gas
gas --> solid
liquid --> gas
liquid --> solid
29
atomic number
# of nucleons
# of protons
# of electrons
mass number
30
Conserved in a chemical reaction
mass only
mass, temperature, pressure
mass, energy, charge
energy only
31
ΔH
entropy
endothermic
exothermic
heat of reaction
32
+ΔH
enthalpy
exothermic
entropy
endothermic
33
Electron moving from excited to ground state
becomes less stable
emits energy
absorbs energy
becomes radioactive
34
Average Kinetic Energy =
Energy
Speed
Heat
Temperature
35
SNAP
your fingers and clap your hands
Solar Newton Arsenic Police
So Need A Popsicle
Symmetrical Nonpolar Asymmetrical Polar
36
Nonmetal Atom vs Nonmetal Ion
atom larger than ion
ion larger than atom
37
Acids, Bases, and Salts are
gases
electrolytes
nonelectrolytes
elements
38
Metal Atom vs Metal Ion
atom larger than ion
ion larger than atom
39
molarity
moles/liters
moles/moles
moles/pressure
moles/grams
40
site of reduction
salt bridge
oxidation
anode
cathode
41
fission
multiplication of heavy nuclei to lighter nuclei
lighter nuclei forming larger nuclei
division of heavy nuclei to lighter nuclei
combustion
42
molecules with Strong IMF have
high radioactivity
high VP
high evaporation rate
high BP
43
mass number
electrons
protons + neutrons
protons + electrons
protons
44
Normal Boiling Point of Water
32°C
100°C
0°C
212°C
45
nonpolar
equal sharing of electrons
unequal sharing of electrons
water
transfer of electrons
46
isotopes
same number of neutrons, different protons
same number of protons, different neutrons
same number of electrons, different protons
charged particles
47
Water is
nonpolar and bent
polar and bent
linear and nonpolar
bent and linear
48
Spontaneous Reactions need
low energy, high chaos
high energy, high choas
high energy, low chaos
low energy, low chaos
49
mixture
1 pure substance
2 or more pure substances physically combined
element
2 or more pure substances chemically combined
50
formation of soap
esterification
saponification
fermenation
polymerization
51
Rutherfords Gold Foil Experiment (multi select)
neutrons and empty space
electrons in orbitals
empty space and positive dense nucleus
neutrons and protons
52
progression of atom
solid sphere>>electrons>>electron cloud>>nucleus
solid sphere>>electron cloud>>nucleus>>electrons
solid sphere>>electrons>>nucleus>>electron cloud
solid sphere>>nucleus>>electrons>>electron cloud
53
exothermic
kinetic energy
energy absorbed
entropy
energy released
54
nucleons
neutrons
protons and electrons
protons
protons and neutrons
55
Oxidation
losing protons
losing electrons
gaining electrons
gaining protons
56
Oxidation number of group 1 elements in a compound
+2
+3
+4
+1
57
unit of concentration
moles
meters
molarity
grams
58
Ionic Compounds
negative ions only
nonmetals only
metal and nonmetal
metals only
59
Strongest IMF?
London dispersion forces/ Van derWaals
dipole-dipole
ionic
hydrogen bonding
60
At equilibrium
rates are equal to each other
molarity is equal
concentrations are equal
rate of forward reaction is half of rate of reverse
61
1 mol
molecule
6.02 x 1023
2 rats, 3 squirrels
animal that lives in the ground
62
Oxidation number of group 2 elements in a compound
+1
+3
+4
+2
63
proton
+1/2
0
-1
+1
64
Which is network covalent
salt
diamond
water
carbon dioxide
65
needed to conduct electricity
charged particles
ions
mobile charged particles
mobile charged electrons
66
Reduction
gaining protons
losing protons
gaining electrons
losing electrons
67
Acid
metal + OH ion
doesn't react with metals
starts with H and ends with COOH
turns litmus blue
68
Organic Compounds must contain
N
C
O
H
69
As pressure increases
volume decreases
pressure doesn't change
volume increases
volume remains the same
70
-ΔH
entropy
enthalpy
endothermic
exothermic
71
site of oxidation
cathode
anode
Reduction
ion
72
Which one does not BELONG
nitrogen
sulfur
oyxgen
hydrogen
73
Effective Collisions must have _________ and _____________
sufficient energy and proper orientation
metals and nonmetal
sufficient energy and phase
low energy and proper orientation
74
nuclear chemsitry
uniform throughout
energy converted to mass
electrons converted to protons
mass converted to energy
75
all particles must ________________ in order to react
be homogeneous
be gases
be ionic
collide
