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Chemistry Chapter 4 - Atoms and the Periodic Table Flashcards | StudBud
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Chemistry Chapter 4 - Atoms and the Periodic Table
Chemistry Chapter 4 - Atoms and the Periodic Table
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History of Atomic Theory, Atomic Structure, Periodic Table
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Alkaline earth metals are found in group ____.
18
1
2
17
2
Which of did not help Lavoisier's discover that mass is never created or destroyed?
consuming milk to determine diet's effect on health
taking great care to measure accurately and precisely
sealing off experiments to collect even the gases produced
spending a lot of money to have better equipment built
3
Which is NOT a direct result of the energy differences between an atom's energy levels?
brightness of light when electrons fall to ground states
color of light emitted when electrons fall to ground states
energy given off when electrons return to ground states
amount of energy required to excite electrons
4
In general, metals
are brittle and dull in appearance
have high electrical and thermal conductivities
are gases at room temperature
5
Neils Bohr envisioned electrons in set energy levels. What was his atomic model?
Plum Pudding
Hard Sphere
Nuclear
Planetary
6
The alkali metals are located ______ of the periodic table
in the far left column
in the middle
in the far right column
7
For almost 100 years, the Law of Conservation of Mass was know as _________'s Law
Dalton
Thomson
Lavoisier
Rutherford
8
The image is an example of a(n)
Lewis Dot Diagram
Electron Configuration
Bohr Diagram
Orbital Diagram
9
The picture is a __________ of ____________.
Bohr model, Magnesium
Lewis Dot Diagram, Magnesium
Lewis Dot Diagram, Carbon
Bohr model, Carbon
10
Halogens are found in group ____.
2
18
1
17
11
The stair-step line running diagonally from aluminum to polonium divides the
lanthanides and actinides
transition metals
metals and nonmetals
12
Which type of particles are associated with radioactivity?
isotopes
transition metals
metalloids
ions
13
Who is credited with the Law of Definite Proportions
Proust
Dalton
Thomson
Lavoisier
14
The atomic number of phosphorus (P) is
15
16.00
30.97
15
Elements that are malleable are
halogens
noble gases
metals
16
Cathode rays are
neutrons
protons
alpha particles
electrons
17
Which was a reason scientist predicted the existence of protons?
Electrons were too light to be most of the atom's mass.
Since e- were negative, atoms must have a positive particle.
The gold foil was too thin.
Neutrons alone were not heavy enough to make nuclei.
18
In general, nonmetals
are liquids at room temperature
have high electrical and thermal conductivities
have low electrical and thermal conductivities
19
What is the best description for the mass of an electron?
so light that we consider it massless
completely without mass
1 amu
negative
20
The basic building blocks of all substances are known as
elements
molecules
compounds
21
Two atoms with different numbers of _______ would have to be different elements.
electrons
neutrons
energy levels
protons
22
Noble Gases are found in group ____.
2
17
1
18
23
The vertical columns of the periodic table are known as
groups
periods
series
24
Stated that all atoms of a given element are identical.
Thomson
Lavoisier
Rutherford
Dalton
25
Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of __________ but differing number of __________.
n, e-
p, n
p, e-
n, p
26
The gold foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab
confirmed the plum-pudding model of the atom
utilized the deflection of beta particles by gold foil
led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus
was the basis for Thomson's model of the atom
27
Discovered that atoms are mostly empty space.
Chadwick
Thomson
Millikan
Rutherford
28
Hantaro Nagaoka is given credit for contributing to which model of the atom?
Electron Cloud
Planetary
Plum Pudding
Solid Ball
29
What unit is used to measure the mass of atoms?
mnu
amu
g
lbs
30
The horizontal rows of the periodic table are known as
series
groups
periods
31
The rounded off number of protons and neutrons is known as
atomic number
atomic mass
isotope number
mass number
32
Cathode rays are deflected away from a negatively charged plate because
they are negatively charged particles
they are neutral particles
they are positively charged particles
they are emitted by all matter
33
Discovered that 1/20,000 alphas particles bounced straight back toward the lead box
Bohr
Chadwick
Thomson
Rutherford
34
A precise amount of energy released or absorbed by an electron is called a
proton
quanta
valence
neutron
35
The image is an example of a(n)
Electron Configuration
Bohr Diagram
Lewis Dot Diagram
Orbital Diagram
36
Performed the "Gold Foil Experiment"
Thomson
Chadwick
Millikan
Rutherford
37
What particles led to James Chadwick's discovery of neutrons?
3 types of Hydrogen
protons and electrons
Heavy water
2 Neon atoms with different masses
38
Isotopes have
different numbers of neutrons
full valence shells
different numbers of electrons
different numbers of protons
39
Stated that atoms of different elements are different.
Thomson
Rutherford
Dalton
Lavoisier
40
The transition metals elements are located
in the central section of the periodic table.
on the left side of the periodic table.
on the right side of the periodic table.
41
Gave us the "Nuclear Model" of the atom.
Thomson
Lavoisier
Dalton
Rutherford
42
Stated all matter was made from earth, air, water, and fire.
Romans
Democritus
Dalton
Greeks
43
What indicated that electrons must be in distinct "energy levels" outside of the nucleus?
Gold Foil Experiment
Law of Conservation of Matter
Cathode Ray Tube
Emission Spectra
44
The majority of the elements in the periodic table are
metalloids
metals
nonmetals
45
Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
transition metals
inert gases
metalloids
46
Gave us the first atomic model of the atom. The "Hard Sphere Model"
Lavosier
Rutherford
Dalton
Thomson
47
What's wrong with this Bohr model of Chlorine?
protons
number of electrons
neutrons
arrangement of electrons
48
Considered the "Father of Modern Chemistry"
Rutherford
Dalton
Thomson
Lavoisier
49
Gave us the "Plum Pudding Model" of the atom.
Dalton
Thomson
Lavoisier
Rutherford
50
Which one of the following is not one of the postulates of Dalton's atomic theory?
All atoms of the same element have the same mass.
All matter is made up of indivisible particles called atoms
Atoms unite and disunite in definite proportions
Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons
51
Stated if an apple were cut in half again & again you would arrive at something indivisible
Aristotle
Democritus
Eric Stotle
Thales
52
Discovered the neutron
Rutherford
Chadwick
Millikan
Thomson
53
Ions have gained or lost
electrons
neutrons
protons or electrons, depending on the type of ion
protons
54
The series of elements that contains mostly man-made elements:
actinides
transition metals
lanthanides
55
Electrons release photons as they move from the ______ state to the ______ state.
ground/excited
excited/ground
floor/ceiling
Republican/Democratic
56
Performed the "Cathode Ray Tube Experiment"
Dalton
Rutherford
Thomson
Lavoisier
57
The element with atomic number 12 is
magnesium
carbon
manganese
58
First to study matter
Mayans
Greeks
Romans
Egyptians
59
An atom which has a filled first and second energy level must be
argon
helium
oxygen
neon
60
Discovered the electron
Lavoisier
Dalton
Rutherford
Thomson
61
Electrons in the outermost principle energy levels are referred to as
Shielding Electrons
Valued Electrons
Binary Electrons
Valence Electrons
62
The most common physical state of the elements is
liquid
solid
gaseous
